In 1790, Henry Drevon stated “…in no country is agriculture more encouraged than in Sweden, where the government considers it as an important object of attention, and rewards by money, privileges, and an exemption from taxes” (192). Despite its northern location, Sweden has a very good climate for farming. However, due to Sweden’s size and shape, the farming season for the southern provinces is almost 100 days longer than the northern region (Facts about Swedish Agriculture 3). Sweden was predominately a farming nation, but quickly expanded with urban development in the decades after World War II (Åkerström). Life in Sweden is still highly influenced by their agricultural roots. Many of their customs and festivities are linked to the farming year even though the significance of some of the traditions have been lost (Lilja and Tidholm).
While their traditions pervade to present day, the popularity of agriculture has decreased significantly. Sweden is one of the largest countries in Europe in terms of area, but the percentage of farm land is quite small. Only 6.4% (2.7 million hectares) of their land is arable and almost 0% (9000 hectares) of their land is used for permanent crops shown in Figure 1. This totals to approximately 3,066,000 hectares of agricultural area in the country (Country/Territorial Notes). This number has slightly declined in the past few years. This is because in some areas, marginal farm land has been abandoned and reverted back to forest area (Facts
75% of the land used for agriculture is cultivated for basic food grain hence it has
During the mid to late 1800s, however, Sweden’s economy had evolved into a highly industrialized and urbanized one. Due to this phenomenon as well as the relatively high incomes of its people (in addition to the people who emigrated from the country), the poverty levels decreased substantially. Further economic system reforms gave way to formation of banks, corporations, and more, all of which increased the country’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product input and output from areas such as trade and manufacturing), income, etc. (Swedish Society).
Human societies since the beginning of time have probably committed more land to Agricultural production than for any other purpose. Demand for land especially for Agricultural production in many parts of the globe is on the increase. Studies have revealed that the rise in demand for food to feed the world’s teaming population, the increased demand for agricultural output to produce alternative energy, high agricultural product prices are amount other factors that have caused a surge in the demand for agricultural land globally.
On the other hand, the lecturer disputes this point by clarifying the fact that in today’s world, it is attempted that the less original lands cover for agricultural activities. The lecturer explains that the novel agricultural technologies effort to breed more productive crops by which the more food for human is produced.
Around when the Industrial Revolution began, agriculture began to take a turn in it’s way of harvesting crops. New techniques of growing and tending crops spread across Europe in the 1700s. “The improved yield of the agricultural sector can be attributed to the enclosure movement and to improved techniques and practices developed during this
American agriculture has changed dramatically since the first days of mechanized equipment and large-scale crop production. “Many conceived of farming as a rewarding life . . . and a source of moral virtue” (Mariola, 2005). While presently, many view farming as purely economic in purpose. It has been stated that farming in America is decreasing more quickly than any other occupation. Yet, population increases steadily, making agriculture all the more essential. Many current issues are affecting agricultural progress in America; basic concerns over water, land, and climate only begin to describe the complex predicament. Economics, as well as public involvement and education are important tools, needed to
Growing and harvesting crops requires many tasks. Before the crop is planted, preparing the soil with disking, tilling (vertical or horizontal), and fertilizing is sometimes required depending on the conservation method used. Shorty after, it is time for the planting or drilling of the crop. During the middle of the growing season, irrigating is in full swing to make the crops grow. Also, floaters and airplanes are fighting the battle with weeds and pests. This time of the year is also slower for farmers then planting or harvesting time. As fall arrives, irrigating comes to a halt and the busy harvesting season begins. Combines, tractors and grain carts, and semi trucks fill the countryside as the race to get the crops out of the field begins. If the weather permits harvest can last as short as a couple of weeks for the smaller farms and longer then a month or two for the larger farms. During late fall and into the winter selling grain and buying seed, equipment, and fertilizer is the task at large. As you can see farmers does not get very much free time. Most of the time this occupation requires long hours, from sun up to sun set. This limits time for trips and extra curricular activities.
This case study was shocking. I found it to be very surprising how minimal the agricultural professionals’
In chapter 14 of Visualizing Environmental Science, Berg begins by defining undernutrition and over nutrition and the problem with the world and the food problems. Then continues to discuss the principal type of agriculture. Such as Industrialized agriculture and subsistence agriculture. There are also three types of subsistence agriculture, which are shifting cultivation, nomadic herding and intercropping. Berg also mentions the challenges of agriculture and the solution to the agricultural problems. Some of the solution are sustainable agriculture and genetic engineering. Lastly, this chapter discusses the controlling of agricultural pests and the definition of pests. Pesticide also can lead to several problem.
This is an essay about farming in Sweden and how it has changed over a period of time
Sweden has not participated in any war for almost two centuries. An armed neutrality was preserved in both world wars. Sweden's long beneficial economical formula of a capitalist system, intermixed with substantial welfare elements, was faced with problems during the 1990's by quite a high unemployment rate, and in 2000-02 and 2009, by the global profitable downturns, but fiscal discipline over the past several years has allowed the country to weather economic vagaries.
In 1930 there was around seven million farms in the United States, now there is about two million. Advocates for farming and agriculture are worried about losing farms and farmland (Wirtz, 1999, 6). The total number of farms has fallen dramatically since the 1930s, but the number of larger farms has grown. Today, small farms make up 92 percent of all U.S. farms and the other eight percent are large and very large family farms and nonfamily farms (United States 2014, April 22). Even with the loss of many farms and farmers, the number of acres of farmland remains constant. The size of farms has increased, but not all farms are the same size (Wirtz, 1999, 6). The technology of today has made it possible to farm more land with fewer producers (Borman, 2007, 30). There is 915 million acres in farmland in the United States and the average farm size is 434 acres. In Kansas there are around 65,500 farms with 707 acres in average. Eighty-eight percent of Kansas land is under agricultural production (United States 2014, April 22).
Sweden has developed a modern industrial culture based on natural resources, technical skills, and a sense of quality. Simplicity and even severity resulting from geographic and economic conditions characterize Swedish society and life.
Most developed countries have suffered through at least one financial crisis. The term financial crisis is in itself very broad and applies to a various number of situations in which financial institutions or financial assets rapidly decrease in value. In the late 1980’s and early 1990’s, the Scandinavian countries – along with Finland – all faced rather serious financial crises, but the outcomes differed vastly among the nations as Denmark and Sweden pushed through to fairly satisfactory results, but Norway and Finland suffered greater complications. No nation’s crisis was identical to another’s and perhaps thereof the different outcomes, but what other factors played a role in deciding a nation’s fate. To better compare and analyze, the focus of this paper will be placed on simply two of the nations involved – Sweden and Finland -, two nations bordering each other, with a great many similarities but two very different outcomes from respective crisis and how they handled their respective issues, and what can be used for future reference.
When considering the challenges and opportunities posed by EU non market policies, we must look at both the food producer and the manufacturer as both can have positive and negative reactions. Going forward, global warming is now high on the agenda of policy makers. With agriculture a high contributor, it is unsurprising that measures are being introduced that have effect on the producers’ and manufacturers’. The buzz word now associated with the future of the environment and the food industry is “sustainability”. This refers to sustainable growth as the producers (farmers) try to maximise output. Moreover, with world populations set to dramatically increase up to 2050, the EU and the world must find ways to promote food production. Therefore, policies are now becoming more difficult and multifunctional. This is symbolised through the increasing awareness of the environment and it becoming more and more apparent in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). “The industry realises the need to protect and, where possible, improve biodiversity. Given that the industry’s raw materials are grown in the natural environment, and the industry purchases and processes 70% of EU agricultural production, it is essential that agricultural practices are sustainable.” FoodDrink Europe. (2011). It is here in the CAP that I have found non-market policies to have impacted both positively and, at times, negatively on the food producers and manufacturers operating in the EU. The