Table of Contents
Chapter Title Page
1. Management Summary..................1
2. Introduction..............2
3. Scope of the Study/Aims and Objectives..............3
4. Methodology..............4-5
5. Literature Review..............6-7
6. River Survey..............8-9
7. Results..............10-12
8. Zoning and Activities: Analyses 8.1: Zone A: Malham Cove to Gargrave..............13-14 8.2: Zone B: Gargrave to Saltaire..............15 8.3 Zone C: Saltaire to Pollard Bridge..............16 8.4: Zone D: Pollard Bridge Onwards..............17
9. Recommendations and Engineering Interventions..............18
10. Conclusion…………..18
11.
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Moreover, any recommendations and engineering interventions were also considered for the areas, for any further improvements.
Finally, it was concluded that the water quality overall was reasonable to sustain fish, however one particular site (Saltaire) needed improving for its water quality.
1
2. Introduction
Amongst the main rivers in Yorkshire, the River Aire runs 71 miles (141km) in length where the river is partially canalised (Aire and Calder Navigation). It rises about 300m above sea level, with a basin area of 1004km2. The source of the River Aire is situated in North Yorkshire, rising from Malham Cove at Malham Tarn, running beneath the ground towards Malham village. Of the towns the river flows through include Gargrave, Skipton, Cononley, then passes through more industrial areas such as Saltaire and Shipley, heading towards Leeds. The mouth of the river is at River Ouse at Airmyn.
Prior to the 1970’s, severe pollution from raw sewage outflows resulted in the absence of fish and associated wildlife. There was also a lack of activities taking place that were recreational for locals and tourists alike. Therefore, because of the poor water quality, from upstream areas in Shipley towards the Ouse at the village of Airmyn, the River Aire gained a bad reputation as being heavily polluted.
However, after the 1970’s
Introduction: The purpose of this research is to determine whether there has been a change in the overall water quality of the Lake Tarpon Basin, and if so, whether the quality has improved or worsened. The variables that will determine whether the quality has changed are: nutrients (phosphates and nitrates) and dissolved oxygen (DO). The expected changes are lower dissolved oxygen levels (from the already low levels), higher nitrogen levels (from the already high nitrogen levels), and the state qualifications still are not met for nutrients and dissolved oxygen (Levy, Flock, Burnes, Myers, Weed, River 2010). This topic relates to environmental management because the changes in water quality would be due to pollution, which relates to the question “How does human activity lead to the pollution of water stores?” The hypothesis that will be tested is that Lake Tarpon’s water quality will have worsened since the last measurements by Levy, Flock, Burnes, Myers, Weed, and Rivera in 2010.
The story takes place during 1942 during World War II. In Whitby, Ontario, the setting takes place near Colbert’s Creek that leads to Camp X. Camp X is a secret spy training camp that trains Canadians as spy’s to fight at Germany during the World War II. Camp X is a restricted camp that is put near a forest and also has a giant tower for training for spies to parachute. Camp X is one of the many places that Germans attempt to sabotage. Camp X is a 17 acre park named after the British Security Coordination (Intrepid Park). The water in Colbert’s Creek is somewhat warm and purified. This shows, the pollution rate of the lake between the camp is quite low and is purified.
The River by Gary Paulsen is a Realistic Fiction novel. The River has 133 pages. According to a customer review on Amazon, “I loved how Brian returned just to save people's lives.” I think the intended audience is for 3rd grade and up because there are some terms and words that young children won’t understand.
Have you ever needed easier access to the essential items to stay alive? This is specifically what the residents of the North-East thought around the year 1817. Carol Sheriff argues in her book, “The Artificial River” that the residents of the canal corridor actively sought after long-distance trade and therefore consumer goods that markets brought to their homes. The fact that people supported the Erie Canal at all "suggests that at least some aspired to engage in broader market exchange" (p. 11). The transformation of this region because of the Erie Canal is organized around six topics, each of which is covered by a chapter. They include the; Visions of Progress, the Triumph of Art over Nature, Reducing Distance and Time, the Politics of Land and Water, the Politics of Business, and the Perils of Progress.
Louis L’Amour, author of “Rivers West” and many other famous books and short stories, was born in Jamestown North Dakota March 22, 1908. L’Amour was an indifferent student and dropped out of school at the age of 15. The next two decades L’Amour traveled the world and held many different jobs, he was a lumberjack, an elephant trainer, a miner, and during World War 2 he served as an officer in the tanks corps in Europe. It was not till he came back from World War 2 that he decided to be a writer and he wrote books as wells short stories, but finally after years his big break came at the age of 46 with the western book “Hondo” which later was adapted into a movie done by John Wayne. L’Amour married Katherine Elizabeth Adams in 1956, and they had two children. Over the next thirty years L’Amour wrote many more books and short stories, some were eventually adapted into movies, and on June 10,1988 Louis L’Amour died of lung cancer though he was not a smoker.
On October 8th, 2015 I went to the Conodoguinet Creek with the rest of my 8-orange team. The main thing we were doing there was testing the level of water pollution. Before we arrived there we had to make a hypothesis stating whether or not we thought the water was polluted. Knowing a little bit about the creek and looking back on past years data, I stated in my hypothesis that I thought the water was polluted. While we were there, they had us do other activities that helped us determine the pollution level and helped us learn more about the creek. In total we did three stations to get all the information we needed to be positive about our statement on the level of pollution. We accomplished finding critters, testing the pollution levels, and testing the velocity of the surface water in one day.
The health of the Susquehanna River and Chesapeake Bay was found based on Biological (macroinvertebrates and wildlife) and Chemicals characteristics (pH, dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrates, etc.) as well as physical observations (amount of forested buffers, wetlands, etc.) Overall it was concluded that the health of the water was good to excellent. What was found was that many of the macroinvertebrates found in the water were sensitive or facultative, meaning the water quality was good enough for them to live in. Also, the level of ph, temperature, dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrates, and turbidity showed that the water quality was good. Finally, while we were canoeing down the Susquehanna River, observations were made on the land
More than 24 billion gallons of untreated sewage waste and storm water are pumped into the lakes annually. Pollution is increasing as well, due to the cottage development, where people enjoy spending their summers relaxing. For many years, the lake habitats have been affected by pollution and habitat destruction. The market for fish is tremendous; so much so, that we have depleted our fishing resources, and have had to market on invasive species.
We did 3 different test to help conclude the water quality. The first testing/station i did was to see what kind of critters were living in the water. Then, my next group was to take a test to see if eutrophication was in the water. We also took
Water quality is based upon a set of standards that describe the kinds and amounts of minerals and other substances that may be present in the water.
The first piece of evidence supporting this statement is a water quality index of 48. The 7 pollution sensitive organisms in the creek are worth three points each on the water quality index, plus the 10 moderately tolerant organisms each 2 points and the 7 tolerant organisms each 1 point add up to get the 48 water quality index. The water quality level is considered excellent if it is 23 or above. The water quality in the U-High creek is more than twice that. There were many different types of organisms found in the creek including 7 pollution intolerant micro invertebrates. The total number of organisms including the 88 pollution intolerant Caddis fly larvae point to a low pollution level in the creek. The 10 moderately tolerant micro invertebrates also point to low polluted creek. There were also a high number of midges and aquatic worms. The water in the creek was also very clear and did not have a smell. There were many small fish and plants growing in and around it concluding a low pollution level in the
On October 6th 2015, the students of Mattawan’s AP Environmental class took a trip to the local stream of the Mattawan Consolidated Schools area. The purpose of this trip was to conduct a stream study to determine the health, conditions, and pollution levels of this small body of water. A multitude of factors came into play when making a judgement on the stream’s health, and making sure to take all of these essential points was crucial to the study. A variety of thorough experiments were conducted to help make this overlying conclusion, as many students adopted many roles in the study. Students used a physical survey form, water test data sheet, and taxa recording sheet to record their findings. Teamwork was essential in making sure all of this information could be found accurately and efficiently. The combination of all of the final results allowed the class to make a judgement of the stream’s state.
This work can be extended for further enhancement and/or modification to facilitate different systems. The following directions are recommended
The industrialization of Canada is severely affecting the nations lakes, streams, and rivers. If something is not done to improve the situation it is going to have some severe environmental problems in its future. The following essay will be looking at the factors that cause pollution, and the effect that pollution has on the environment of Canada. It will also explore some of the methods used to treat and clean-up wastewater, and oil spills.
I have pointed out some recommendations that will add more advantages to the current scenario and when implementation will produce constant positive results.