In this report 3 three fuels, ethanol, 2-Pentanol and 2-butanol were tested to determine the experimental heat of combustion and to decide which fuel be the best to take on a camping trip.
Combustion is a complex chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen accompanied by the production of heat. (Grc.nasa.gov, 2015). The original substance is called the fuel and the oxygen is called the oxidizer. Along with heat, CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2O (water) are created as byproducts of the exothermic reaction. ( E-inst.com 2015).
Combustion reactions all give out huge amounts of heat energy; this is referred to as an exothermic reaction. When an exothermic reaction occurs there is a decrease in chemical energy and the ‘lost’ chemical
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The chemical formula of ethanol is made up of 2 carbons, 6 hydrogens and 1 oxygen and is classed as an alcohol (Material safety data sheet, 2001). Ethanol has a boiling point of 78.5c, density of .789 and a molecular weight of 46.0684mol (Biofuels Association of Australia, 2015). Ethanol is now usually used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form as a replacement for gasoline, where it is blended with gasoline to improve vehicle emissions and power (Biofuels Association of Australia, 2015).
2-Pentanol is an organic chemical compound and classed an alcohol with 5 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogens and 1 oxygen with the molecular formula of .2-Pentanol is a solvent and an intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals (Wikipedia, 2-Pentanol, N.D). Its boiling point is 138.8c, density is 814.40kg/m3 and the molecular weight is 88.15g/mol (Pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, N.D).
2-Butanol is an organic compound with 4 carbon atoms, 10 hydrogens and 1 oxygen with the chemical formula (Wikipedia, 2-Butanol, N.D). 2-Butanol is a colourless liquid with a boiling point of 100c, density of 806.30kg/m3 and a molar mass of 74.122g/mol (Wikipedia, 2-Butanol, N.D).
These three fuels will be tested to see which one will heat up water the fastest in 10 minutes so the camper can choose the fastest fuel to
Combustion Reaction: A chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidizing agent that produces heat.
The energy released during combustion reactions goes into the surrounding atmosphere because the energy does not disappear it simply goes into the atmosphere of a surrounding area. For example, during the Cheeto experiment the fire being released is the energy but when the fire is out the rest of that energy is moved onto its surrounding like people and the air. One observation that I made during my experiment was when the mass of Cheeto was too big and when the Cheeto began to burn it released its energy onto the can which heated the water inside and that also created energy because the water releases steam and that goes into the air and the people around it. The fire being released wasn't always as expected because if the Cheeto was too big
In a combustion reaction, a compound or element reacts with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
Reactions that give off heat as a product are known as exothermic reactions, whereas reactions that absorb heat are known as endothermic reactions (Van Hecke, 1999). An example of an exothermic reaction would be condensation, in which water loses energy, and an example of an endothermic reaction would be melting, in which water gains energy. These two types of reactions are studied to better understand the properties and future potential of substances. For example, recent studies prove that the addition of endothermic chemicals in fire retardant substances effectively stops fires by rapidly cooling the temperature and preventing and re-ignition (Tripathi, 2008). This is important because determining what reactions are endothermic or exothermic can better improve techniques to prevent disasters such as a fire. If an unknown substance is exothermic, in terms of fire combustibility, adding it to a fire would
From the data analysed, a clear trend is seen. As the amount of carbon chains (and consequently molar mass) increases, so does the heat of combustion released. The hypothesis was stated as: “because 1-hexanol has more carbon bonds, it will produce the most amount of heat in the shortest period of time. By following the same reasoning, it is suggested that 1-hexanol will be followed by 1-pentanol and 1-butanol, respectively.” The experimental values show there is a linear relationship between the carbon chains and molecular weight, and the heat of combustion
Chemical reactions that release energy are called exothermic reactions, these reactions are observed by an increase in temperature of the reaction mixture.
The burning of propane is a Combustion reaction. It’s an irreversible reaction. This type of reaction occurs when a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is the reactant
blown into a combustion burner and burnt at a very high temperature. This creates hot gas and
A plant or a booster burn pattern is said to be a pattern of any preparation for the unlawful setting of a fire, primarily the material is put around the ignition device to feed the initial flame. Fortunately, for this pattern newspaper is normally the most popular material. However, wood shavings, rags, blankets, clothing and cotton waste is the most highly used material for industrial and factory fires. Therefore, these are also some of the common plants that can start a fire. Yet, any form of liquid or flammable fluid such as gasoline or kerosene which are considered the most popular one to use when starting a fire. Unfortunately, they are not the only flammable fluids that are used because alcohol, lighter fluid and
Introduction: There are five types of chemical reactions that can occur; synthesis (A+B=C), decomposition(C=A+B), single replacement (A+BC=B+AC), double replacement (AB+CD=AD+CB) , and combustion. A combustion reaction consists of a hydrocarbon plus oxygen gas which yields carbon dioxide and water (CxHx +O2=CO2+H2O). Another characteristic that can distinguish between types of reactions is whether they are endothermic or exothermic. Exothermic is a process that releases heat due to the surroundings being a lower temperature than the object.Endothermic on the other hand, absorbs energy through heat from its surroundings, the object is at a cooler temperature. Some commonly known processes that are endothermic are sublimation and evaporation . Some examples of exothermic
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy by light or heat. It is the opposite of an endothermic reaction. An exothermic reaction will occur spontaneously, while and endothermic reaction needs energy to occur.
Smouldering is defined as a self-sustaining exothermic reaction in which the heat released by surface oxidation causes pyrolysis of the unaffected fuel adjacent to the reaction zone, which in turn yields a rigid char which will subsequently undergo surface oxidation citep{smith2006springer}. The initiation of furniture fires by weak heat sources, such as, a cigarette or a short-circuited wire, and the flaming combustion of biomass occurring in bushfires behind the flaming front are two common examples of smouldering combustion citep{rein2009smouldering}.\
Charcoal is the most commonly used fuel in fireworks. The fuel loses electrons (a negatively charged subatomic particle.) to atoms within the oxidiser. During this process, bonds are formed between the fuel and oxygen atoms forming a stable product. A small amount of energy is required to start combustion of this fuel-oxidiser compound. When combustion starts, the result is a release of energy
Background: Energy changes occur in all chemical reactions; energy is either absorbed or released. If energy is released in the form of heat, the reaction is called exothermic.
Molecular Formula: H2O / IUPAC Name: Water / Molar Mass: 18.02 g per mol / Melting Point: 0°C / Boiling Point: 100°C / No hazards