T2dm Case Studies

The Faith, Importance and influence, Community, and Address in Care (FICA) Spiritual History Tool provides a way for “the clinician to efficiently integrate open-ended questions into a standard medical history and can be used by any health care professional” (Borneman, Ferrell, & Puchalski, 2010). The FICA tool explores the presence of faith, the importance of spirituality, the influence a person’s spirituality has on their health care decisions, the involvement in a spiritual community, and the interventions to address spiritual needs (Borneman et al., 2010).

Diabetes (DM) is one the many initiatives that Healthy People 2020 have been focusing on to reduce this disease morbidity and mortality rates throughout the communities. In the United States alone, the number of individuals diagnosed with diabetes has increased from 1.5 million in 1958 to 25.8 million in 2011. The Center for Disease and prevention (CDC) also estimates in the year 2011, 79 million people age 20 and over were noted to have pre-diabetes, in which the blood sugar was higher than normal levels, however, have not reached the level for a diagnosis of DM. Eleven percent of those individuals with pre-diabetic readings of raised blood glucose will progress in full blown diabetes a matter of three years. Healthy People 2020 have used evidence –based practices to aid in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Evidence have shown by simply modifying one’s lifestyle such regular exercising and healthy eating have been recognized to effectively prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in high-risk persons. Case in point, the Diabetes Prevention Program research trial revealed that the utilization of lifestyle interferences had its utmost impact in elderly adults and was also effective in all racial groups.

We reflecting the author’s own culture, she like many people in the United States are a blend of many different cultures and ethnicity. By not having one single ethnic culture her family views health traditions based on their religion of Christian Scientist. Being raised in this religion molded views of health promotion, prevention and treatment that influence her health behaviors today. There is a difference of opinion between Christian Science and traditional medical views. “Christian Scientist interpret disease from a spiritual view where medicine interprets disease from a material point of view” (Stoddard, 2010). As a child our family was raised with the belief that good nutrition, physical activity, and the role of positive thinking and mind over matter, would provide health and help us remain strong and healthy. Not having over the counter medications or turning to traditional medicine for simple medical issues was chosen as our families way of viewing illness. Growing up with the view of health and illness as spiritual using techniques such as meditation, prayer and positive thinking, has stayed as a health tradition among our families beliefs and practices to this day. Today modern medicine is looking at the mind as a valuable tool to prepare persons and bodys for wellness and rehabilitation. An example of this would be biofeedback. This is a technique where people are

We can and must prevent the preventable. The human and financial cost of not intervening will be far greater than the cost of intervening” (International Diabetes Federation, 2016). Basically, diabetes is preventable, it is one’s own will to have courage to fight and with the help of supporters there is no excuse in overcoming this disease. Diabetics are not alone, the American Diabetes Association provides planning meals, awareness programs, food recipes, the understanding of carbohydrates and many more supportive plans. In order to obtain a healthy lifestyle with no complications of any type of disease, it is important to dedicate at least an hour a day to physical activity. The famous writer Lieberman once said, “There’s no medicine that’s more important than exercise. Analyzes have shown, exercising is one of the most important medicines for the diabetic soul, keeping sugar and blood levels at a normal rate. In addition, carefully selecting portions of food that are consume daily. The disease itself is killing many different individuals despite economic statuses. Those who have the education and means usually take it for granted, when people in lower income countries inquire the access to reliable resources. Type II Diabetes impacts negatively on many facets of global development and economic sustainability. So it is crucial that this disease is be put in the forefront so that the global burden of Type II Diabetes be

Self-management is among the best evidence-based strategies for the management of T2DM across all populations. Self-management education, physical exercise, screening and healthy diets are crucial self-management strategies that can be useful for managing T2DM among the Hispanic men. Self-management education is particularly an important strategy for enhancing the results related to the condition among the Hispanic men. Self-management techniques can be spearheaded by the NPs who play a significant role of educating patients about T2DM. The Valencia et al (2014) study provides insight that these strategies will be instrumental

The above studies by Walton et al. Castillo et al. and Steinbeck et al. though slightly different in their approach, demonstrate positive impact of self-management education on diabetic related parameters.

This is a cross-sectional cohort study. Participants (n=210) with a diagnosis of stage IV cancer, COPD, or CHF were selected from Duke Hospital and Durham VA Medical Center and followed monthly for up to 4 years. The only inclusion criterion was an advanced illness diagnosis. No ethical concerns were noted as patients were consented and the study was approved by Durham VA and Duke University’s Institutional Review Boards. Outcome measures were determined utilizing the Profile of Mood States’ Anxiety Subscale and 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Predictors were ascertained utilizing components of the Spiritual History Scale and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well-Being Scale. Multiple Regression Analyses was applied while controlling for diagnosis and severity of disease process, demographics, participant rated spirituality and frequency of religious participation (p 752, para 1). Yielded results showed a correlation between enhanced spiritual welfare and fewer anxiety (p<0.001) with spiritual well-being evolving as a primary negative predictor for fatigue

This paper was prepared as part of course requirements for the subject PSY353 Health Psychology Section 1.

Assessing the target population by detecting glucose abnormalities by measuring HbA1c can significantly benefit individuals from primary prevention through risk factor modification and may impact those undiagnosed and facilitate introduction of diabetes prevention at a public level.. Due to socioeconomic disadvantages and lack of access to care, vulnerable populations such as minorities are more likely to develop diabetes. Thus, interventions which prevent the development of the disease and ensure adequate and appropriate management must be implemented to reduce the burden of T2D. Diabetes education, self-management education, and adequate access to health care are considered key factors to achieving

For health care providers to deliver the best holistic care that patients deserve, a thorough spiritual assessment must be included during their care. With more research showing a relationship between supporting a patient’s spirituality with their health and ability to cope with illness, it is now a requirement of organizations to include a spiritual assessment to maintain accreditation with The Joint Commission. The minimum required of a spiritual assessment by The Joint Commission is to determine the patient’s religion and

Treatment of type 2 diabetes primarily involves monitoring of your blood sugar, along with diabetes medications, insulin or both. In order to avoid complications of the diabetes, a healthy lifestyle and diet is important keeping and eye on your blood sugar levels are all keys to managing diabetes. In addition, maintaining a healthy weight through a healthy eating and regular physical activities. Healthy eating includes following the food pyramid whiles reducing the intake of salt, sugars and fats. Physical activity may include running on a treadmill, playing basketball or even walking. Even with managing diabetes by taking medicine and living a healthy life style, visiting a doctor regularly is very important to ensure that the diabetes is under control (Ferry).

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that is modifiable and preventable through diet and exercise. The incidence of T2DM is propagated by a sedentary lifestyle and excessive caloric intake. Maintenance of a desirable body weight, diet, and exercise are the mainstay therapy for T2DM (Buttaro, Trybulski, Bailey, & Sanberg-Cook, 2013).

During this phase the clinic, its staff and the community are assessed, identifying facilitating and obstructive factors. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is recommended by various organizations and is a standard of medical care (Schreiner & Ponder, 2013). The nine key points recommended at initial diagnosis and during follow-ups are nutritional management education, physical activity recommendations, educating on medications safely and treating for maximal therapeutic effectiveness, monitoring blood glucose, preventing, detecting, and treating acute/chronic complications, personal strategies to address psychosocial issues and concerns and personal strategies to promote health and behavior change (Schreiner

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes which affects 90% to 95% of the population. In the United States, approximately 1.7 million new cases of diabetes were identified in 2012 and the disease affects 29 million Americans or 9.3 percent of the population (Statistics About Diabetes, 2014). In 2012, the total financial burden of diabetes was estimated to be $245 billion which included $176 billion in direct medical costs and $69 billion in reduced productivity (American Diabetes Association, 2013). Those who have type 2 diabetes are unable to control insulin levels resulting in a condition called insulin resistance. In the first stages of the disease your body

According to the American Diabetes Association, the complications and cost acquired from diabetes can be dramatically reduce if patients are more aware of the potential risk and receive proper health prevention education. Diabetes self-management is essential in reducing the complications of disease. Researchers use several theories to help come up with the best way to provide care to patients with chronic illness such as diabetes. The major theory for this EBP is the Chronic Care Model, the author chose this model because of its versatility, it can be apply in any setting and allow for the improvement of care of both the individual and community level (Coleman, Austin, Brach, & Wagner, 2009)