Technology and Social Inclusion, An Annotated Bibliography

Surely children today need a relationship with technology in order to thrive. The way that we can foster these bonds is by introducing technology to students in a classroom at a young age. If students are taught to respect technology and use it properly from the beginning of their relationship with it, these habits will continue into their teenage years and beyond into their adult lives. One-to-one computing from kindergarten on will allow students access to technology on demand, in the classroom and at home. By doing this, we allow students access to their learner profiles 24/7, giving them the option to learn anytime they please. Teachers can also tailor

Technology has many attributes and applications that improve livelihoods. As a student myself, one of the most obvious advancements is in the field of education. Educational technology has slowly been integrated into classrooms over the last decade. Today, the basis of technology, digital literacy, is a crucial skill for academics. “Students who are digitally literate know how to effectively use technology to collaborate, create original content, and conduct in-depth research for academic purposes” (Dotterer, “Fostering Digital Citizenship In The Classroom”). Some worry that the use of technology will encourage people to “cease to exercise their memory and become forgetful” (qtd. In Carr, “Is Google Making Us Stupid?”).

Since the launch of the Internet as a global communication network and the boom in communication technologies, our world has been overwhelmed by a new phenomenon – digital divide. It has gradually turned into a major, constantly growing world issue, threatening to further increase the gap between advanced and developing countries. Yet, is digital divide really an unprecedented occurrence or a natural and unavoidable trend? “Divide” is certainly a word whose meaning could be traced back to the mere dawn of human history. It goes even deeper – to human nature itself: to sex and racial differentiation, to unequal physical and mental powers, to different

Because online education is based on information technology, students, teachers, and colleges are requested to have personal computers, or other electronic devices. First of all, students will end up bearing the losses once these devices malfunction such as the computer crash. According to Healy, Block, and Judge (2014), there were many students who had trouble with technical issues in online education, and these technical issues severely impact their learning. Online education over dependent on electronic devices, but it is impossible to guarantee that every student can have an appropriate device and there will be no fault with it. Kingsley-Hughes (2014) reports that the cash rate of IOS was about 3.56 percent. Moreover, the Microsoft windows 7 cashed 7.1 times monthly on average (TWCN, 2012). These data show that the breakdown is not rare in most electronic devices required by online education, so technology issues were identified as a disadvantage to online education by a few of the participants . Moreover, the requirement online education might discriminate against the students in poverty (Afsari-Mamagani, 2014). Online education may require devices such as personal computer and smart phone, which can be hardly afforded by some poor students. For example, Healy,

In the text “The next civil right frontier is digital” by Juan Andrade he states a huge controversy on digital in today's society. Today's generation we noticed that technology is advancing like drastically. As a country we have advance and we still keep on advancing in our technological advantages. Mr.Andrade notice that we just not only use pencil and paper as our key to our success in our education but we also use other technological resources such as a computer. Apparently in his view is seems very mandatory we have this in our education life. He states, “that list includes more than just pencil and notebooks; increasingly, access to a home Internet connection is a prerequisite for academic success.” According to this quote it seem as this

* Economic status The acquisition of technology is often not a high priority for people in low socioeconomic groups. The priority for people in these groups may be housing, food and health care. The provision of public internet access through libraries and internet cafes has assisted people access the internet.

Since its introduction on a public scale in the 1990s, the internet has been associated with many changes in social experience. Many aspects of social life such as education, work, commerce and even personal relationships have changed through the internet. However, researchers have found that, at least in the early years, access to the internet is shaped according to gender, class, ethnicity and education. During the 1990s the typical information technology user was a white, male, professional with a background in IT. This bias in internet access was named the ‘digital divide’ to point out the implied social inequalities. It was said that the internet was

In the United States and in the world, there is a digital divide related to knowledge and access to electronic resources. The personal pursuit of knowledge, career advancement, and the inequalities that some people encounter as it relates to electronic resources is what has been labeled the digital divide. To better understand the digital divide, a person must first understand the correlation between lifelong learners, adult education, and the digital divide. In the United States the thirst for knowledge is at an all-time high and many people may ask the question why?

Professor Cathleen A. Norris and Professor Elliot Soloway write positive information about the benefits of the Internet in education. They say that, wealthy or not, the internet provides our youth with an unequivocal access to knowledge and unmatched ability to communicate. Specifically, Norris and Soloway argue that, “ For a youth living below the poverty line in Detroit, an Internet-connected smartphone is arguably the most empowering opportunity in that child's life” (qtd. in Greenblatt). While they point out the positive benefit of connectivity and access to information, they also touch on the need for a guiding hand. Norris and Soloway go on to say how education will only improve with this tool, “ Within five years every child in every

The article, “Digital Literacy Is the Key to the Future, But We Still Don’t Know What It Means,” is written by Marcus Wohlsen. He writes his article, to explain to the public what digital literacy is. Wohlsen knows that the increasing there is an increasing usage of technology in the public life, and to adapt to this they are going to need to be literate is using it. In his article, he explains to the public what this literacy is, and how much one needs to be literate in technology. Wohlsen effectively uses multiple viewpoints of experts and relatability to engage the reader and explain to them what digital literacy is all about.

The importance of broadband in the future of education is undeniable. But how will broadband be used to deliver education? Giving people access to a high-quality education is much more than giving them access to Google—there needs to be a focused effort in establishing and improving the standards of digital education. Broadband is the tool that allows innovative educators to reshape the education system. But who are these innovators?

Internet is costly, which is the cause for many families to not purchasing it. ” Community type was the third factor stated on the Pew Research website. Rural areas are less likely to have any access to internet comparted to the urban and suburban residents in the country. Fourth, was disability. According to Pew Research, “The disabled are consistently less likely to use the internet: 46% of adults with a disability do not use the internet, according to a 2011 report. There are many more factors listed in the article but those were the most important to me. All these factors that affect the divide needs to be addressed and fixed in order to change this problem in the future. “People, education and learning lie at the heart of these issues and their solutions” states the “Bridging the Digital Divide” article. Education plays a big role when it comes to technology. With the inventions of online classes, it is important that student have access to computers at home. Sadly, many students cannot afford computers, laptops, or iPads. A survey called Teachers are using technology at home and in their classrooms” released by Betty Isaacon revealed that ‘Low-income students disproportionally lack access to broadband Internet at school and at home, a trend teachers say is frustrating for students — and limits teachers’ own capabilities in the classroom”. The survey, which reaffirms other findings on the digital

In possession of a Ph.D. and with over 15 years in the school setting, Mary Ann Harlan provides a unique look at the effects of the Digital Divide on children in rural communities. She suggests there is a “participation gap” along with a few potential interventions to bridge the gap while meeting the students’ needs.

As technology continues to advance, online courses are becoming a favorable option for education. We can open our laptop at any hour, access the up-to-the-minute information, and learn in our pajama’s. According to a survey in 2012, Kelsey Sheehy with the U.S. News states “62% of colleges are now offering online degree programs” (Online Course Enrollment Climbs for 10th Straight Year). However, access to technological information is meticulously associated with one’s education level (The Information Revolution Has Created a Digital Divide, 3). Therefore, a division is created between people who do and people who do not have access to the latest information technologies which is known as the “digital divide.” To close

This is about bridging the digital divide, it is therefore important to recall that ICT carry a “cultural package” of