Larissa Intrebartoli Resende
Professor Bud Lewis
Writing - Gold B2
30 July 2015
World Aging Population
The ageing of global population is an important issue that has been debated recently. To think about a better and longer life seems too attractive for us, but the impact of a generalized increase of age can be a problem for the government 's policies and for the maintenance of the economy. This phenomenon is occurring right now in almost every country in the world, but faster in the developed and developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to study the population ageing, especially what are its causes, effects and what we can predict and do about the future. Besides, this paper get more emphasis to the changes on Brazil’s populace between 1970 and 2010, Brazil is a developing country and it is a good example to go a little deeper on this topic.
AGING POPULATION: MAIN CAUSES
When the number of adults and elderly people begin to increase at the same time births begin to decrease, a process of aging starts to affect the population.
The life expectancy increased significantly, this kind of measure should and will be analyzed according to the specifics life conditions of each country or region, but a global measure is useful to illustrate the issue. Thus, whereas in 1950-1955 the global life expectancy was 47.7 years, in 2005-2010 it was 67.9. This fact is mainly due to advances in medicine and improvement of life conditions, which also contributes to mortality
The primary reason for the vast increase in life expectancy in developed countries in the 20th century is universal clean drinking water and very high level of public and personal hygiene. These two improvements account for probably 80%of the life expectancy. Overall life
Back in twentieth century, a tiny fragment of mere 5% population was comprised of people aged 65 and above. A little spike in this segment was observed during the period of 1950s-1960s; however, that spike was not significant and restricted to 8% of entire population (Chart 1.1). Many factors were responsible for the small proportion of senior population, the most prominent one though, low life expectancy, high fertility/birth rates and limitation of health services.
In Chapter 15: Aging and the Elderly, the U.S. birth rate has been falling for more than a century. It happens because children are more likely to survive into adulthood, and so couple have fewer children. As more women work outside the home, they choose to have fewer children. Greater material wealth and advances in medicine have raised living standards so that people benefit from better housing and more nutrition. The oldest segment of the U.S. population, is increasing rapidly and is already forty times greater than in 1900.
Within the first ten years of the 1900’s, the discovery of different blood types and a cure for sleeping sickness was discovered. In 2013, doctors and scientists were able to grow a kidney in the U.S, and in Japan, scientists and doctors grew the first human liver. The life expectancy of males in the early 1900’s, 1900 - 1910, range from the age of forty six and forty eight. For females in the same time frame, the life expectancy ranged from the age of forty eight to fifty one. Now in the 2000’s, 2000 - 2010, the life expectancy of a male is anywhere from seventy four to seventy six.
The rapid growth in the number of seniors in America and around the world is creating a global demographic revolution without precedent. During this century, advances in hygiene and water supply and control of infectious diseases have reduced the risk of premature death much. As a result, the proportion of population over 60 years in the world is growing faster than in any previous era. In 1950 there were approximately 200 million people aged over 60 worldwide. By 2000 there will be over 550 million, and by 2025, the number of people over 60 is expected to reach 1,200 million.
People are living longer because of significant improvements to health care system that has occurred over a five-year period, a drop of individuals who smoke has resulted in a decline of people who suffer from smoking-induced conditions like lung and heart disease, the numbers of people who smoke have gone from 19 percent to 16 percent. Moreover, a fall in child and infant death rates by 20 percent from 2007 - 2012 has also added to increased life expectancy. Falling fertility rates (TFR) have also been declining which is also a cause of an ageing population. The fertility rate have been falling for an extended period, with TFR, being its highest in 1961 at 2.1 but since then it has gradually declined and in 1999 it was at its lowest of 1.75 and as 2014 was 1.80 and now in 2016 is
In this paper it will be argued that the aging of the Canadian population that is a result of the aging of the baby boomers is a
There are many different problems that an ageing population creates for society. There are many reasons why there is an increase in the ageing population, as Item B states “In common with many western societies, the United Kingdom has an ageing population. Rising life expectancy and a relatively low birth rate have meant that the average age of the population is rising”. Also the decline in fertility has led to an increased amount of people who are over the age of 65 and this poses many different issues within society.
The life in the U.S compared to that of the Soviet Union during the 60’s is an amazing phenomenon of a declining life expectancy in a highly developed country just like in the case of the Soviet Union during the 60’s down to the 70’s. The result of the life expectancy rate in the Soviet Union shows that there is only a small part to true informal changes in the state of living. However, the weak point of the measures of life expectancy is of vital importance, although another factor is the unfavourable selection of risks by war, thereby making a less valuable comparison between the international and inter temporal. Another factor is the logical difference between period and the measurement of the group of people sharing a common factor
This is the second stage of the Theory of Demographic Transition. In this stage, birth rate does not come down from the High Stationary Stage but death rate gets very much declined, which triggers very rapid growth in the population change. In this stage, the nation provides the better public health services to the people so that the people will not depart from the life so rapidly, and the declining in infant
The world’s population is ageing rapidly. Between 2000 and 2050, the proportion of the world's older adults is estimated to double from about 11% to 22%. In absolute terms, this is an expected increase from 605 million to 2 billion people over the age of 60.
Moreover, the quality of life of citizens in these countries is possibly improved with developing health care services and clean water, leading to increasing the average life expectancy. It is possible to anticipate that the number of citizens living for at least sixty years will account for about 85 percent of the world’s population (Healey, 2008).This is due to the effects of globalization on medicine that have led to an increase of international medical exchange. As a result, solutions for disease treatment and surgery had been increasing remarkably that may save many people from death. Thus, life expectancy is lengthened. In other words, globalization may provide better living conditions and double the average life expectancy of 100 years ago (Healey, 2008).
From 1970 to the year 2000, the world's over-60 population is projected to increase by more than 90 percent" . This is an astonishing number, seeming how the total population was predicted to grow by less than 75 percent . "The most prominent feature of the looming shift in the composition of the working-age population is, of course, its increasing age" . It is hard to say what will happen when suddenly there will be an abundance of older people who are preparing to retire.
However, better healthcare and protection from government result in rising age expectancy, which is a double-edged sword as on one hand, people live longer as shown in report (Friedland and Summer, 2005, Fig 1-2) and on the other hand, the proportion of aging population increases if the younger generation are not reproducing enough, and this is exactly the trend now in developed nations. In the
A drop in net immigration to the United States is a key factor that has contributed to the aging of the US population. According to the U.S. census Bureau, “there have been a drop in immigration levels in the United States”, which, mean that a smaller share of U.S. population growth can directly attribute to immigration similar to natural increase these can also be related to jobs losses that are normally filled by immigrants such as construction jobs, and manufacturing jobs. Declining fertility rates are also a key factor in the United States. “In the past the 18 and under have exceeded the 65 and older, but now have declined by 190,000 per the Census Bureau in 2010 and 2011 while the elderly have increased by 917,000. Working-age adults, and those in childbearing ages, is also down”. There is also a decline in fertility rates as well, they estimated 4 billion birth between 2010 and 2011 which is down from the 4.2 that was between 2005 and 2006.