In 2009, the American Heart Association scientific advisory concluded that obtaining at least five to ten percent of total caloric intake from ɳ-3 PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) was associated with a thirteen percent lower risk of coronary risk (“Essential”). A 2011 analysis of seven-hundred showed supplementation with ɳ-3 fatty acids lowered blood levels of homocysteine, a byproduct of protein metabolism, which damages the epithelium and increases the risks of cognitive decline (Sears 51). Likewise, a 2012 meta-analysis of seven randomized control trials (RCTs) estimated that a ten percent reduction in coronary heart disease was linked to each five percent energy increase in PUFA consumption (“Essential”).
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Interestingly, among numerous genes examined in rats, ɳ-3 deficiency changed the expression of multiple genes in offspring (Tribole, 86).
Effects on Brain Development In addition to the cardiovascular system, ɳ-3 fatty acids are important for brain development and function. The brain, one of the most vascular organs of the body, is composed sixty percent of fat. It requires ɳ-3 fatty acids to make flexible and fluid multitasking responses (Sears 62). Research indicates that people with the highest blood levels of ɳ-3 DHA had best brain performances and higher brain test scores (Bauer). Brain analysis indicated that people with various nerve diseases, including multiple sclerosis and macular degeneration, consumed high amounts of ɳ-6 fats, but low amounts of ɳ-3 fats. Consuming sufficient amounts of ɳ-3 fatty acids make the three important brain structures healthier: brain cells (neurons), nerves extending from neurons (axons), and connections at the end of neurons (synapses) (Sears 64). The significance of ɳ-3 fats in neural development and function can be shown through the development of brains in infants. These fats are vital to the formation of the brain’s architecture since all neurons are formed before birth (Tribole 83). Before birth, all of the ɳ-3 that the baby accumulates is
The artifact I selected is a public service announcement from the American Heart Association. The American Heart Association has produced various health issue ads and campaigns geared towards educating individuals on health risks, symptoms, prevention and facts about heart-related conditions. In the beginning of this video, NBA player Paul George is seen playing basketball on a court by himself reflecting on how his mother’s stroke was devastating and sudden. Paul George then stresses the importance of knowing the signs of a stroke. This is known as the acronym F.A.S.T., Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty and time to call 9-1-1. He desires to make sure that every person is knowledgeable of these signs so they will be prepared to act fast and possibly save someone’s life. I came across this video while looking up information about heart-related issues caused by high blood pressure. The message delivered in this video has become a reality for many in our nation. From this video, we learn that early detection is critical in increasing the stroke survival rate.
Although the Western States Affiliate's (WSA's) organizational model successfully increased fundraising revenue for the American Heart Association (AHA), the task force's initiative to adopt this structure and strategy at a national level indicates a lack of understanding of the AHA's overall vision and business strategy. If the AHA wishes to achieve even greater success while continuing to maintain its long-standing strategy of raising funds for research and community education, it should focus on developing a hybrid organizational structure, improving operational efficiency and strengthening its community participation.
Curcumin has been proven to help recover from neurodegenerative diseases, even aiding in their prevention, and inhibiting inflammatory molecules in the brain (Petraglia, et al., 2011, p.4). Foods high in curcumin include Indian curries, yellow rice flavored with turmeric, and mustard (Curinga 1). Caffeine, although showing mixed results in some studies, shows reductions in neurological deficits (Petraglia, et al., 2011, p.8). One of the best high caffeine options is green tea at a recommended three cups per day (Maroon, et al., 2011, p.6). As seen in some research on green tea, the result of its high consumption in Asian countries leads to the “Asian paradox,” or the significant prevention of neurological problems in Asia (ibid). Vitamin E in nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, and cereals has been tested to show improved cognitive performance, improved spatial memory, and less neuropathology (Petraglia, et al., 2011, p.9). Vitamin E intake is improved in conjunction with Vitamin C (ibid). Foods high in Vitamin C include citrus fruits, tomato juice, and potatoes (“Office of Dietary Supplements – Vitamin C,” 2016, p.2). Finally, Omega 3 has been consistently shown to help in recovery from PCS and inflammation (Maroon, 2011, p.1). They are the most effective natural anti-inflammatory food and has been tested to be neurotherapeutic for PCS (Maroon et al., 2010,
The American Heart Association (AHA) is one of the greatest non-profit organizations in the United States that cultivates suitable cardiac care with an end goal to lessen disability and fatalities brought about via cardiovascular infections and strokes. Initially created in New York City in 1924 as the Association for the Prevention and Relief of Heart Disease, it is presently headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The American Heart Association is a national charitable wellbeing organization. They are known for distributing benchmarks on essential life care and superior cardiovascular life care, and in 2014 it had issued its first rules for avoiding strokes in women. The American Heart Association is known additionally to operate various and very noticeable public movements beginning in the 1970s, furthermore working various fundraising occasions. In 1997, Grace, K. S. discharged a review that demonstrated the American Heart Association was positioned as the fifth "most prominent philanthropy/non-profit in America".
1.) The Framingham Heart Study was a “long-term observational Study” that succeeded so incredibly well over the past half century, because it made its participants feel as if they were collectively dedicated toward an end bigger than themselves (Brink and Levy 23). This entire trust and personal-investment-mobilizations effort had been completely intentional and calculated as a purposeful construction in order to “[transform] a community that might resist medical intrusion to one that would take pride in the Study” (Brink and Levy 58). We see, very notably also, that Meador’s success in attracting attention was owed to his skill for mobilizing social influence (that which we refer to as being a natural leadership skill or charisma) in order
A dysfunction of an enzyme in the peroxisome leads to the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in several areas (several areas of what?) including the central nervous tissue(CNS). The accumulation of VLCFA is toxic leading to the death of neuroglial cells like the oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Astrocytes in normal conditions regulate the composition of the blood-barrier in the central nervous system; The olygodendorocytes form the myelin sheath that covers the axons and facilitate the effective propagation of action terminals from the neuron to the target cells (Amerman 390). This disorder (what disorder) is caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene of the X-chromosome, it causes the demyelination of the neurons in the CNS inhibiting the integration of the information from sensory stimuli and the proper response to them, causing eventually death. X-linked disorders are present are a wide variety of phenotypes, CCALD is the most common and presents only on boys between the age of 4 and 12. CCALD is a rapidly progressive disease, its deteriorates the patient health in a matter of years, and due to its complexity, its commonly misdiagnosed (Engelen).
Fruits and vegetables are an important aspect of having a healthy diet. Ingesting nutrients along the color spectrum is also important as it boosts defensive antioxidants and vitamins. Free radicals are harmful compounds, but with the help of antioxidants, can be extracted from the body. Harm produced by free radicals may disturb typical cell activity in the brain, causing termination of nerve cells. Eating a healthy diet provides many other health benefits as well. The Mediterranean diet is a healthy diet, which is consumed of vegetables, whole grains, fish, and fruits. Having a diet with an abundance amount of fruits and vegetables prevents the free radicals from forming. Healthy diets dramatically reduce the chances of acquiring Alzheimer’s disease and intellectual deterioration. Probiotics such as yogurt, a yogurt drink or a probiotic pill with live bacteria can also
The purpose of the experiment was to understand and determine the influence of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) on the spinal cord, and how the dietary Omega-3 (n-3) a fatty acid could counteract these effects. Not much is known about the effects of TBI on motor centers in the spinal cord. We are now starting to understand that TBI reduces the expression of some molecules that are critical for synaptic plasticity of the spinal cord.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of mortality worldwide, especially in developed countries. But they are also largely preventable, and many studies have tried to clarify the related risk factors, and what could be done to avoid them.
As previously mentioned the brain is enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularily DHA and the omega-6 AA. While the brain can synthesize saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, it must rely on uptake of either the preformed DHA and AA or their dietary precursors, which can be converted to DHA and ARA within the brain. While the brain does have the capacity to synthsize DHA its rate of synthesis relative to uptake from the plasma is relatively low suggesting that uptake from plasma and not synthesis within the brain is the major source. Furthermore, while the liver can upregulate its ability to synthesize DHA especially under conditions of low dietary omega-3 intake, the brain does not upregulate DHA synthesis under these conditions.
Heart disease is the number 1 killer in the United States of America. It’s important to have a heart protection strategy, especially as you get older. It should include exercise and a healthy diet, plus supplements for heart health as needed. Know your cholesterol, blood pressure and ideal weight. Lower risk factors and prevent early disability, illness or even death from heart disease. And although you can't help heredity, you can certainly be aware of any risk factors that may have been passed down through your family tree. After following the steps in this assignments all of the supplements I would recommend along with the information I have given you here are proven to help in preventing heart health. Most can be safely taken in combination.
The purpose of this experiment is to isolate and identify the different lipids within and rat adipose and calf brain tissue. Lipids are biochemical molecules that alter the structural and functional properties of cells. Lipids such as cholesterol can affect membrane fluidity and be precursors for hormone and vitamins synthesis. Lipids such as Fatty acids (FA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) can act as energy storage molecules whereas phospholipids like phosphatidylcholine (PTC) can also participate in signal cascade to modify gene expression by protein kinase phosphorylation. Hence the occurrences of a lipid in a tissue can be indicative of its unique role.
In fact, multiple brain functions are associated with DHA. (13) 97% DHA content is found in the human brain, according to one research. (16) Studies and researches postulates that Omega-3 fatty acids can prevent breast cancer (17), slow cognitive decline (18), can be a potential aid for concussion or traumatic brain injury (13), and can treat cardiovascular disease. (16) Not only Omega-3 fatty acids can improve human health but it is also have became important in the field of sports. Recent studies show that Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during exercise or training can have significant impacts in improving athletic performance. Omega -3 fatty acid supplementation can improve the neuromuscular function, cognition, immune system and cardiovascular fitness of an
As with any of the internal organs, the brain has certain nutritional requirements for optimal health. To keep the brain functioning a diet that is well balanced and varying in nutrients is necessary. The brain is made up of two-thirds fats and requires a steady supply of high-quality fatty acids to keep cell membranes intact and insulate nerves. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish, flax and walnut oils, are the best fats for brain health. Diets high in these fats may help prevent degenerative brain conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases and decrease the risk for depression, according to The Franklin Institute for Science. Phosphatidyl serine, a lipid molecule the body makes by combining fatty acids with phosphate, is an important component of cell membranes and is found in particularly high concentrations in the brain. Phosphatidyl serine keeps cell membranes flexible and helps speed the transmission of nerve impulses. Antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, protect delicate brain structures from free-radical damage, particularly to the fats that insulate nerve cells and comprise a large portion of the brain, according to Dr. Shari Lieberman, co-author of the book "User's Guide to Brain-Boosting Supplements: Learn about the Vitamins and Other Nutrients That Can Boost Your Memory and End Mental
Also known as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), Omega-3s play a critical role in brain function and in normal growth and development.