On July 28 of 1914, a small spark ignited the greatest conflict man-kind had ever seen. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of the Austrian-Hungarian duel monarchy that led to it. It was an event that changed borders, destroyed countries, and ended the lives of millions of people. On that day, Austria-Hungary officially declared war on Serbia as an act of revenge, though had ambitions to take control of Serbian lands. This small event would have big consequences, not only on the nations involved in the war, but on the people of those nations who had to sacrifice so much. During the period immediately following the declaration of war on Serbia, the quality of a person’s life began to drop very rapidly. Pre-industrial warfare is difficult to endure, but when weapons are so deadly that they have the ability to kill thousands in a day, the new warfare is unbearable. Though some in the aftermath of the war would claim that a sense of patriotism or racial superiority drove people to support the war, it is very clear that the general population of the time were overwhelmingly opposed to the start and continuation of the fighting. It was the propaganda of governments that pushed people into supporting the war, though once the devastation was understood, that positivity morphed into terror. After Austria-Hungary had declared war on Serbia, Russia, an ally of Serbia, declared war on Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary, however, anticipated this beforehand and had asked the
Many alliances, non-aggression pacts, and defensive agreements had been organized between the great nations in order to maintain the balance of power mandated by the Congress of Vienna, resulting in two main factions; France, Britain, and Russia against the central-powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. These alliances dragged every nation into the terrible war when Austria-Hungry declared war on Serbia in 1914, bringing about the largest war in history up to that point known as WWI. When war was first declared many nations jumped at the opportunity with nationalistic fervor, reveling in the opportunity to achieve power (Doregeles). The war may have started with pride and hope from the citizens of participating nations, but after nearly four-and-a-half years of the most brutal fighting the world had ever seen, public opinion quickly turned. Devastating weapons of steel and chemicals specifically designed to defeat the human anatomy were detailed in firsthand accounts by soldiers and delivered with spite towards the nationalistic pride that fueled the devastation of WWI (Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est). Nearly an entire generation of men were lost to a war that resulted in very little change, and the public recognition of this fact was the main reason for the sharp decline of nationalistic pride at the end of the war
Through the book ‘Europe’s Last Summer’ David Fromkin tackles the issues of pre WWI Europe, and the surrounding political, economic, social, debacles that led paranoid countries to go to arms after nearly a full century of relative peace within the European continent. While Fromkin certainly points his fingers to all the nations of Europe his primary focus lies with Germany and Austria-Hungary. Though he continues to stress throughout much of the book that Kaiser Wilhelm II and Archduke Ferdinand were fervent keepers of the peace within their nations, the fault of the war ultimately could be laid at the feet of their two nations and their constant attempts at war-mongering. He claims the war could have been avoided for the moment, had all the nations of Europe wanted peace, but the two bad eggs of Europe drew them all into an unavoidable general war.
The huge national investment in military helped the countries to prepare for the war. In actuality, all the countries had known that the war was unavoidable. (Doc 9) French writer Emile Zola thinks that “The world can live only by eating and being eaten. And it is only the warlike nations that have prospered; a nation dies when it disarms.” (Doc 2) Countries made meticulous plan to defend themselves by increasing militarism. The expenditures of the great powers on armaments of the European countries increased dramatically. (Doc 10) However, the political leaders did not make efforts to prevent the war. Instead, they increased the mobilization of their armies for war. (Doc 11) Countries were aware of that the world war must bring out, the only thing was a trigger, the assassination of Ferdinand. The relationship between Austria-Hungary and Serbia was terrible before the assassination. In the ultimatum sent to Serbia on July 23, 1914, Austria-Hungary condemned the movement against the Monarchy and asked for collarboration against these subversions. (Doc 8) However, the tensions became uncontrollable when on July 28, Ferdinand was assassinated by a a nationalist Serbian young
On June 28, 1914, the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand, was assassinated. That event marked the first phase of World War I (Grayzel 10). Soon afterward nations throughout Europe announced declarations of war. By the end of October countries as far away as Japan, China and Brazil had become involved (Grayzel 11). Susan R. Grayzel in the “Introduction: The First World War and the Making of a Modern, Global Conflict” from The First World War: A Brief History with Documents”, explores a variety of contributing reasons for the Great War (Grayzel 9). The causes most
Because of the archduke’s assassination and the fact that Serbia rejected some of the ultimatums given by Austria-Hungary in order to preserve its sovereignty, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. After the takeover of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary, Russia and Austria-Hungary’s allies were committed to supporting their respective allies more effectively in the event of another crisis. Therefore, since Russia was determined to fully support Serbia, Czar Nicholas II ordered partial mobilization, the process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war, of the Russian army against Austria-Hungary. Today, mobilization would not necessarily be considered as an act of war; however, at
When Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian terrorist in 1914, it sparked what would then be called “the Great War”. It was named this for not only was it at an immense scale, involving 32 counties, but also due to it being the first war in multiple fronts. The later known “war to end all wars” laid the platform for a spectrum of change that would be felt all over the world. Obvious changes such as the mass amount of casualties involved with the war, women gradually being recognized as being equal to men, increase in jobs and so on. But, there are changes that occur at a much more subtle levels. Transformations such as physical, emotional and social changes.
With death tolls peaking at 16 million the future of Europe was bleak. The First World War for many was an opportunity to reflect upon their commitment, a sense of sacrifice, to the national crisis. This overwhelming sense of pride led to the pressing notion of citizenship among the great nations. However, by the time troops returned home to their native land, they were faced with a whole new array of challenges in addition to the psychological trauma they had endured throughout the war. A new social party now supersedes the impeding economic problems in Germany. Austria-Hungary also holds their fare share of problems as it pertains to an all-new multi-ethnic diversity and lack of consolidation. For many in Europe, the Great War brought an end to the Ancien Régime in addition to society as a whole. The European population began their search for a sense of certainty and belonging in this new modern world. The promise of the enlightenment and the idea of government protection both lacked conviction and certainty in the eyes of the people. We can conclude that the idea of ** failed at making the world a more civilized
The war party referred to in the document belonged to the empire of Austria-Hungary, 1914. Firstly, a key argument of the party is that it was Austria-Hungary’s decision if war was necessary during the crisis unfolding in July 1914. Secondly, the support of Germany was a key reason why the Austro-Hungarian army should take action immediately. Thirdly, many of the party members argued that taking the path of triumphant political relations would reflect feebleness and fragility. Lastly, Serbia must be offered demands that will evoke a definite refusal. These key arguments of the war party help to identify that the group held similar views on the crisis unfolding, despite the differing opinions on how they were solve it, one advocating for peace and political relations, the others war. Nonetheless all members of the party illustrate that it is fear and timing driving these arguments, fear of type what war would take place now, and fear of what might happen if the war were not to happen immediately.
What if your friend was being bullied by another kid? Would you join in and defend your best of all best friend? But then the bully would get all of his/her friends and then you would get all of your friends. Wouldn’t you think there would be a lot of tension? But then someone makes a stupid move, such as throwing something (or something like that) and then everybody starts to beat each other up! Well that’s what happened with World War 1. There was a lot of tension in between Austria-Hungry, Germany, Italy and Britain, France, Russia. But then someone had to shoot the Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his rich wife. That, my friend, is when the stick broke. In 1913, the World War 1 was declared a war! Austria-Hungry was furious that their
On June 28th, 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (Berenson 384). That same day Austria would declare war on Serbia, sparking the start of the First World War (Berenson 384). The war lasted a gruesome three years ending on November 11th, 1918 when Germany signed an armistice agreement with the Allies (Berenson 441). At the start of the war many people were optimistic and inspired. Young men were eager to sign up to serve for their country, hoping they would be “valuable to the war effort” (Berenson 407). Before World War I, no one had ever been involved in a conflict on this large of a scale with this much death and destruction. Life changed dramatically during the war causing a bitterness
The war that was to end all wars broke out in the summer of 1914, after the assassination of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire’s Archduke. World War One was so violent and so many men died; one could compare the war to the slaughtering of cattle at a butcher’s shop. The war opened the eyes of man to a new era of warfare. No longer would soldiers be worried about lining up in front of the enemy and engage in the age old traditions of European conflict. Now soldiers would have to face the age of machine guns, barbed wire fences, and gas attacks. The public would also be introduced into a new era of media coverage of the war. Unlike in wars past, pictures could now be taken and published in the newspaper and sold on the stands. The gruesome images of the
But, with this event happening there were ideas of war from other countries already in mind such as Serbia and Russia who were quick to jump aboard for each other and support the cause for Serbia that would give them an advantage to strike first. With an understanding of what was coming, Austro-Hungary plan to declare war but, had to wait on the Germany to give an assurance of support. In addition, there was the development of Britain prior to war of taking down the communication of their enemies to have an advantage:
The reasons for the occurrence of mass violence and terror that persisted in Europe during World War I and after will never be justified. The reasoning behind these horrific acts resulted in millions of deceased. It makes a horribly tragic historical occurrence an act being played out on a stage, while these reasons, also called intellectual trends and developments, are the lights illuminating the stage. The lights that shine on the stage of war in Europe emits from the blending of popular sovereignty with nationalists ideologies, colonial imperialism, militarization, and eugenics.
The first battle of the Kosovo war which was meticulously planned with stomach revolting malice was less than a mile from my house and it resulted in the death of over 50 members of the Jashari family. As the Serbian Army surrounded the three homes the Jashari’s began to prepare for the onslaught that was to come. Although less than 20 men had arms they valiantly defended their house, their land, and most importantly their family from a determined and well organize Army. These men, farmers by trade, equipped with simple Kalashnikov rifles defended their homes and lives for hours and didn’t allow for their bloodthirsty enemies to advance even one step towards their precious brothers, sisters, mothers, and fathers. The amount of power
Known as Europe’s deadliest conflict since World War II, the Yugoslav Wars (also known as the Wars of Yugoslav Succession, the Yugoslav Civil War, or the War in the Balkans) were a series of wars fought in the former Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. Though the entire conflict can be divided up into four distinct wars, they are related due to their common origin and the presence of the same ethnoreligious groups in the multiple wars. These wars have become notorious due to the atrocious war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by all sides.