“In normal development, the child, adolescent, and adult depend on the containment provided by their attachment relationship to achieve developmentally appropriate regulation of somatic, cognitive, and emotional experiences and accumulate memories (Candace Saunders, n.d.c).” This paper will discuss my experience with and my hypothesis regarding a 16-year-old Hispanic girl living in a therapeutic group home. Due to the traumatic events in her childhood and her inability to repair attachment to a caregiver negatively impacted her brain development, her ability to self-regulate and her ability to feel contained. Saunders (n.d. a) containment is the ability to return to homeostasis in times of stress by seeking others comfort or one’s own internalized regulating. Within three weeks of working in the group, home Anne had become upset with another girl living in the house. At the time of the incident, we were sitting at the dining room table alone and the other girl was talking really loudly in another room. Anne assumed the girl was talking about her and “called her out on it.” The girl calmly denied the accusations and continued her conversation. After it was denied, Anne started yelling and looking through her bag for a weapon, verbally threatening the girl while doing so. She eventually came upstairs with me where she grabbed a perfume bottle and threatened, “bash the other girl’s head” in with it. After about 15 minutes she stopped threatening the girl and about 30-40
I always try to respect race, religion and cultural identity as there is the need for continuity and security, This is one of the reasons why I always address each young person by his/her name.
It is the primary caregiver who the child first begins to develop these intra- and interpersonal processes with. Future success of social-emotional development in children, is dependent upon the “the presence of caregiver-child relationships,” and the consistent, reliable, and empathic, positive serve and return of the caregiver (Briggs, Silver, Krug, Mason, Schrag, et al, 2014). Caregivers who have experienced childhood trauma, have a decreased ability to provide this type of interaction. Therefore, a child’s social-emotional development is at risk. Due to the caregiver’s traumatic history, they may have an inability to effectively interpret a child’s emotional state, and they may inappropriately respond to a child’s attempt for interaction. This caregiver may respond by using negative parenting practices including severe physical and psychological aggression, or neglectful behaviors (Briggs et al.). Thus, through inadequate parenting techniques, caregivers continue the intergenerational cycle (Brigs et
Discuss the transition faced by the children/young people in your setting. Explain how the children and their parents/ carers are affected by these changes and reflect on the most appropriate ways to respond with reference to workplace policies and procedures. Suggest relevant further sources of information and support for the children, young people and their parents/ carers.
Physical abuse- Physical abuse is possibly the easiest to recognise as it is more often visible,
Emergency services may give instructions over the phone, such as move child into recovery position, or keep wound elevated, this will also give some reassurance to the child. And is helpful for the emergency services as they are aware of how the child/young person is reacting to this.
The current legislation is the result of the children’s Act 1989, which is used to ensure that all people who work with children are working together and are clear about their responsibilities and know how to act if allegations of child abuse are made. The children’s act 2004 is a legal framework for “Every Child Matters” and is a direct result of the Laming Report following the death of the Victoria Climbie case in the year 2000. Hereafter an independent inquiry highlighted so many problems with how the reports of neglect and child abuse was dealt with and that vulnerable people in society were not being properly safeguarded. The main points of the 2004 Children’s Act were that every local authority has a director of children’s services who is ultimately responsible for ensuring that children are safeguarded.
Cyp core 3.3: Understand how to safeguard the well being of children and young people
According to modern attachment theory, a “good enough” mother needs to be psychobiologically attuned with her infant in order to co-regulate the shifts in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Automatic Nervous System (ANS) that the infant will experience (J. Schore & A. Schore, 2012). The mother’s ability to co-regulate the infant through the mother-infant affect synchrony, meaning the process of attunement, misattunement, and re-attunement will ultimately determine the child’s attachment style and if the child will be resilient as well as if the child will be able to self-regulate (J. Schore & A. Schore, 2012). A mother does not need to be perfectly attuned with her infant’s needs because moments of misattument that consist of mild to moderate stress followed be re-attunement are necessary in order to help foster the child’s resiliency (Mulligan, 2014a). However, during a moment of misattunement, the mother needs to re-attune with the infant in an appropriate amount of time in order to ensure that the child becomes
“The Perpetual Adolescent” is an observational piece by Joseph Epstein. He suggests that modern adult acts much more childish than the previous generations of middle aged people. A big part of acting like a younger person is dressing like a younger person. According to Epstein, the dressed down adult is the immature adult, which in turn leads to many adults trying to copy the modern and hip youth culture. This in turn created more relaxed environments across all career fields, leaving less “true” adults. He feels that American now want to stay young forever instead of maturing into the adults of their parent's generations. Epstein believes that this mentality is flawed, leaving the people in positions of power striving
Foster care has a major impact on children and adolescents. There are several areas of a child’s life that is affected by being placed in foster care. When children and adolescent enter into foster care due to abuse or neglect their world can change for better or for worse. A child’s experience before entering foster care predetermines their behavior(s) that will occur while in foster care. Often time’s children have to deal with these life changing events due to a mistake that their parent/guardian made or a lifestyle that their parent/guardian has chosen. In particular, several foster children and adolescent have attachment issues upon entering care (Kelly & Simon, 2014). This topic is concerning because it can help identify the issues that occur when children and adolescents enter into care and help front line service workers assist their families in a more appropriate manner in order to decrease the issues that are due to attachment. The outcome for every child is different, but understanding that attachment disorders is the problem and possible ways to deal with it can assist in making a positive social change in the foster care world.
Although secure attachment during infancy is the foundation for continued healthy positive development during the lifespan, it is important to understand that other factors can have a significant effect on development later in life (i.e. illness, loss, and trauma). However, research has shown the importance of consistent care giving that is responsive and nurturing and the caregivers’ ability to effectively accommodate more difficult temperament characteristics ,as well as other factors, influence the development of healthy attachment{{64 Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian 2003}}. Research has also shown that infancy and early childhood is the period of development where scaffolding begins and continues (Vygotsky, 1978; Zhao & Orey,1999).
The majority of developmental theories say that children must develop a secure primary attachment in order to develop in a healthy manner. A secure and strong attachment is clearly essential for healthy future relationships. John Bowlby’s studies in childhood development led him to the conclusion that a strong attachment to a caregiver provides a necessary sense of security and foundation. Without such a relationship in place, Bowlby found that a great deal of developmental energy is expended in the search for stability and security. In general, those without such attachments are fearful and are less willing to seek out and learn from new
This report outlines the importance of Bion’s container/contained theory and Bowlby’s attachment theory in developing secure relationships. Sadly, abused infants form a disorganised attachment style which causes them as adults to adapt maladaptive parenting skills. This leads to intergenerational transmission of maltreatment. These parents tend to use fight, flight or freeze responses to cope with their traumatic past. However in saying that, if the abused parent has been able to develop a secure attachment with another individual, or access psychotherapy, the parent can learn healthy parenting behaviours, and is able to break the cycle of intergenerational transmission of trauma being passed on to future generations.
In the first few months of life, the sole purpose of any child’s behaviour is to survive. This, more often than not, results in actions that reduce the risk of harm and increase the chances of longevity. Of these behaviours, some argue that the most influential is attachment behaviour. “Attachment behaviour is any form of behaviour that results in a person attaining or maintaining proximity to some other clearly identified individual who is conceived as better able to cope with the world”(Bowlby, 1982). Therefore, children will make an effort to stay close to and under the protection of their primary caregiver. According to Webster, “through interactions with their primary caregiver, the child develops expectations and understandings about the workings of relationships. These mental representations of relationships become internalized to the degree that they influence feelings, thought and behaviour automatically and unconsciously” (1999, p.6). Moreover, the response of the identified individual plays a huge role in the child’s perception of the outside world. If the caregiver responds to the child’s needs in a caring and protective manner, the child will feel safe and comfortable in his or her surroundings. If, on the other hand, the caregiver is often emotionally and/or physically unavailable, the child is likely to
An individual’s internal working model, while not indelible, is largely fixed during the first three to four years of life. It is during this “sensitive period” that factors that positively or negatively affect attachment will have the greatest impact on a child’s development.19