The Collapse Of The Ottoman Empire During World War One

With the end of World War One and the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the allied powers in Europe were left in control of the Ottoman territory in the Middle East. The nation of France was left in control of the area now known as Syria and Lebanon. The French Mandate of Syria and Lebanon, which was formalized in 1922, officially made France responsible for creating the two states and preparing them for self-governance (Kjeilen). By 1943 both nations had achieved their independence from France, and they agreed to a tentative mutual security agreement. However relations between the two nations remained strained. While the governments of both nations were unified in their opposition to

The Ottoman Turks emerged on the periphery of the Byzantine Empire and the Saljuk Turks. Under a Turkish Muslim warrior named Osman, raids were conducted in western Anatolia on Byzantine settlements and a vast number of Turks were united under his banner. Those Turks who flocked to Osman's banner and followed him into the history books came to be called the Ottomans. The word Ottoman, fits these Turks well as it roughly translates from Turkish as "those associated with Oman."

The Ottoman had several scenes of decline and each one had marked their history and are linked with it so I will explain each one. The armistice of 1918 ended the fighting between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies but didn´t bring stability or peace to the region. The British controlled Syria, Palestine and Mesopotamia.

The Ottoman Empire, during its peak, was one of the largest and most powerful empires in the world, where the empire lasted from the fourteenth century until the early twentieth century. The Ottoman Empire stretched from North Africa, Arabs states, and the Balkan. However, just like any great empire, the Ottoman Empire would eventually experience significant problems and potentially lead to its decline as a great power in the European and Asian continent. In order to combat the decline of the empire and bring back their strength in comparison to the European powers, the Ottomans started a period of reform, known as the Tanzimat (1839 – 1876), which means reorganization in Turkish. There were major reforms developed for the empire, but whether they were truly effective is still debated.

Throughout the history of many successful countries, there were times of war and despair. Wars not only destroy humans and buildings, but cultures and ideas as well. For one country, its harmonious state of peace was terminated. When the Ottoman Empire attacked the Hungarians in the sixteenth century, they triggered numerous conflicts lasting many years that would leave devastating battle scars on Hungary’s face. It all started when the Sultan of the Ottoman’s waged a war that would change the route of Hungary’s history forever: The Battle of Mohács.

In the late 1800’s a group of young scholars banned to together for the greater good of the ottoman empire. They along with many were extremely displeased with their situation the what happening at the time. Reforming was happening in the empire that was not the problem, it was the type of reforming the Young Ottomans were upset with. They all wanted to somehow preserve the roots to the ottoman empire. That was there was main objective. The Ottoman empire was moving in a way that they would be completely ran with a European government. They would not stand for this because they thought one should have ties to their origins.

Sickman of Europe (Ottoman Empire): This was a term used to describe the Ottoman Empire in 1914. It symbolized how the country’s power had gradual decreased until it had little to no power left.

A period of civil unrest and revolt plagued the British mandate government in Iraq. Arab nationalist and other political activists led an uprising against the Regent monarch resulting in a coup d’etat in July 1958 by members of the newly formed Ba’ath Party. (4) A series of power struggles ended 10 years later placing Ahmed Hasan al-Bakr as President, with a young Saddam Hussein as his deputy.

After gaining their independence from France, Syria became tainted with volatile governments. The Ba’ath Party, which was basically a part of the army, came into power beginning in 1963. Seven years later an Alawite faction in the army, whose chief was Hafez Assad, began to control the Ba’ath Party and get rid of all the non-Alawites. The Alawites are followers of Ali and are generally called Shiites. They seem to worship people like Mohammed, Ali, Christ, Adam, Plato, and Socrates. Further, they celebrate Christmas and believe in reincarnation. After Hafez Assad’s death, his son, Bashar Assad, took his place and continued to cling to Alawite power, even if it meant war with most of the Syrian people, the Sunni Muslims.

The Ottoman empire; one of the greatest empires in history. The Empire, at its height, ruled most of the land around the Mediterranean. It contributed much to culture, science, religion, war, politics, and the world. Its monumental fall will be known throughout history. How can the swift decline of the Ottoman power be explained? Perhaps the best way to understand how important this event was, there needs to be a brief explanation of the history behind this epic collapse; showing the rise before the fall and the drastic change.

The decline of the Ottoman Empire declined for three main reasons. Government, modernization and westernization, and economy. The government reasons for the decline were due to the quality of rulers corruption. There was corruption amongst the leaders. Also the Sultan’s didn’t have much experience in governing. The modernization and westernization reasons for the fall were the industrialization, infrastructure, education, constitutions, nationalism, and less tradition, and more law. And the westernization reasons were the modernization, culture changes, family roles, and gender. The Ottoman empire wanted to become similar to the West and be more democratic. The economy reasons for the decline for that European’s bought raw materials, which

Today, there are virtually no multinational states remaining and one would be hard-pressed to find a government that has remained in place since the pre-World War I era. In that sense, it is highly unlikely that the Ottoman Empire could have survived the tumultuous 20th Century. Nevertheless, it may have had a chance. If not for European intervention, Ottoman reforms may have succeeded. However, even with those reforms, they had to compete with the rise of nationalism, which would have been difficult.

The Safavids were the first the first to declare Shia Islam the official religion of Iran, and their interest in Iraq lay in the Shia holy places in central Iraq, and also the fact that Baghdad held significant symbolic value as the seat of the ancient Abbasid Empire. The Ottoman Empire on the other hand was afraid that Shia Islam would spread to Asia Minor, and thus looked to control Iraq as a Sunni-dominated buffer state. During the Ottoman period, the Sunnis were placed in political positions, while the Shias were then shut out of the political process. This divide between the Sunnis and the Shias continued to be more and more of an important element in the Iraqi social structure, and remains an issue even today. It was also during this time period that the Kurdish Baban Dynasty emerged and began to organize resistance to the Ottoman rule in Northern Iraq.

The rise of the Ottoman Empire started in Turkey and spread through most of the Middle East. Their military practice and successful transition to the use of gun powder made them one of the most successful ruling bodies in the Middle East. The Ottoman Empire which ruled until modern times had great influence on the Middle Eastern world. Their political and economic abilities astonished the western world. Their religious views and fears were instilled into any non-Muslim and helped the western world to find new trade. The rise of Christianity in the western world provided new ways to preserve the dead and ended the need for frankensence, the main export of the Ottoman Empire. This

At its peak, the Ottoman Empire spread across 3 continents and was known as the most powerful empire in Europe, Asia, and Africa. In the beginning, the Ottomans were descendants of the Seljuk Turks, the great empire in Asia. The Ottomans were military minded and raided surrounding areas. Of these raiders, or Gazis, Osman I was the most important. Sultan Osman Gazi I was an expert at invading and conquering. Soon, Osman and his followers, Ottomans, created a small state in Anatolia. They bought and conquered land and expanded their small state into an empire. Also, their military was the first to use gunpowder and cannons as an offense and thus were considered the greatest military at the time. With all of this, their Empire successfully survived from one family line of Sultans for seven centuries. Because of their strength and superiority, the Ottomans were considered one of the most successful Empires in history.