The Colonization Of Africa During The 19th Century

The years between the 1870’s and 1910’s brought a tremendous amount of change to Africa. This time period, known as the Scramble for Africa, was when Europeans invaded and colonized the African continent. Europeans at the time were much more technologically advanced than the natives because of the many revolutions that took place in Europe. Thus, they were for the most part very successful in their colonization; they were able to take over the entire continent, save Ethiopia. During and after this period of colonization, Europeans were as present and powerful as they’d ever been, thus inflicting their unfamiliar practices and ideas on societies in Africa. Even though Europe brought over their foreign knowledge and technology (like guns), they

The European colonization of Africa, also known as the Scramble for Africa, Partition of Africa, or Conquest of Africa, occurred between the 1870s and 1900s, and was the invasion, occupation, colonization, and annexation of African territory by European powers during a period of New Imperialism. European control of the continent increased from 10 percent (1870) to 90 percent (1914), with only three territories, Saguia el-Hamra, which was later integrated into Spanish Sahara, Ethiopia and Liberia remaining independent of Europe’s control. There were many reasons for the European colonization of Africa, including economic and political motives, with the Berlin Conference serving as a catalyst. Africans resisted the European invasions of their lands, with the two main methods of opposition were guerilla warfare and direct military engagement. European influence on Africa still remains today, though these influences are generally negative and hurt Africa’s overall development.

The Scramble for Africa took place during the period of time around 1880 until 1914. During this time Africa found itself being split up and divided amongst several European countries. In essence Africa was like a fresh baked pie and everyone wanted a slice.

For a long time South Africa was inhabitable until a group known as the Khoisan traveled there, where they lived for many years as the superior group until the group known as the Afrikaners came and took that superiority. A Little while after the Afrikaners came is when things really started to change. They started developing superiority over the Khoisan. Some reasons for this are that they started to develope an early sense of dominance over the Khoisan and “The Battle of Blood River.

In the 1680s many Dutch, German and French settlers arrived in South Africa. Years later in the 1800s the English arrived and fought for control of the land. The English gained control of the land by the late 1800s but lost it by the mid 1900s. They helped establish a society in which they were superior and the blacks were inferior. They did

In 1652, South Africa was settled by the Dutch and the Boers. But during the eighteenth century the Dutch political power started to Decline and the British decided to join their colony. The white people from European countries in 1948 thought that the Africans threatened their position in power, the nationalist formed a government that introduced the policy of apartheid. Apartheid was a term originating from the Dutch which meant separation and it is a system of segregation or discrimination due to race. This was used to keep the white minority in political, economic, and cultural supremacy. Then there were new

It is not known exactly when or how the Zulu tribe came into existence, but it is thought it originated around the 1620’s. Because there is no real evidence that describes the origin of the Zulu people, one has to filter through some of the

Effects of colonization on the Africana continent are undisputed. Valuable natural resources were exploited from the countries by the native people for profit in Europe leaving many with minimum means to survive. Lands and families that had torn apart at the hands of the colonists were trying to be rebuilt. Peoples’ culture and traditions, viewed as barbaric and backward by the powerful Europeans, were once again weaving itself into daily lives. Pride was once again among the people. Jomo Kenyatta, known as the Father of the Kenyan Nation, was a man who came from the land he was fighting to reclaim for himself and his people. Land that was simply taken from them, regardless that generations of their family had lived there. Kenyatta

There were Cape Frontier wars between the British and the Xhosa starting around 1820. The British placed new settlers on the eastern frontier as a defense against the Xhosa, in order to keep them at bay. In 1834, slaves were emancipated, which began the Great Trek, which was an emigration to the north and east that consisted of Afrikaner, or Boer, farmers. The farmers wanted to live independently of colonial rule and colonialism, which they saw as unacceptable, racial classlessness. There was a war between the Boers and the Zulu because of a misunderstanding of land. The Boers trekked to an area in which the Zulus had

The British had originally gave the Bay back to the Dutch before the Napoleonic Wars, but then later reclaimed the territories after the war between the British and the French. Because of this by the 1830’s the Boers had grown tired of the British Policies in the South as a result the Boers known as the ‘Voortrekkers’ (Southern Doman Online Travel Guides, n.d.) Travelled from the Bay to territories more inland like the Natal. But to only establish resistance by the Zulu tribe that were already in the

Heading east from the Netherlands, Dutch traders (Afrikaners) established a stopover founding the city of Cape Town in 1652. However, when the British seized the Cape of Good Hope area in 1806, many of the Dutch settlers headed north taking land from indigenous inhabitants and founding their own republics. With the discovery of diamonds and gold, immigration intensified and indigenous inhabitants were expelled from the country now known as South Africa. After the Second South African War (1899-1902), the British and the Afrikaners ruled together starting in 1910 under the Union of South Africa which then became a republic in 1961. In 1948, the Afrikaners- dominated National Party was voted into power which favored the policy of apartheid,

The Atlantic slave trade was abolished by the British parliament in 1807. This caused great problems for West African slave traders who had witnessed a period of vast growth in the industry towards the end of the eighteenth century. They now had to focus on more lawful, legitimate means of trading. The types of industry that often replaced the slave trade were produce based, agricultural goods such as palm oil. The potential problems faced by traders were ‘exacerbated by the fact that it coincided with other problems for West Africa’s external trade.’ This refers to the Anglo-French wars which made the demand for West African exports very unreliable. The rise of the palm oil industry however, softened the blow for West Africa. Prior to

People have inhabited South Africa for thousands of years and were members of the oldest surviving people of the land, the Khoisan language groups. With just a few left in South Africa mostly located in the sections of the western region. But mostly today black, South Africans belonged to the Bantu language group, which migrated from central Africa, settling in the Transvaal region around 100 A.D. (South Africa: History, 2012). Also the Nguni people who were ancestors of the Zulu and Xhosa occupied most of the eastern coast by 1500 (South Africa: History, 2012).

The Nguni Bantu clans settled between the Drakensberg Mountains and the sea. The Sotho clans settled in the interior, north of the Cape Colony. The 19th century competition for land led to the conflict between the Bantu clans, which led to the boer war, 1899-1902. Hundreds and thousands died during the wars, entire clans disappeared and it resulted in the creation of many Bantu nations. Now they are unable to communicate with each other, and now they don't have any power to stop the Europeans.

Anglicization of government and the freeing of slaves in 1833 drove about 12,000 of what were called Afrikaners to make the “great trek” north and east into African tribal territory, where they established the republics of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. The