The current study first investigates the impact of degree of rivalry on fan perceptions. Specifically, fan perceptions of their primary and secondary rivals were compared. Havard et al. (in press) and Havard et al. (2016) found fans of intercollegiate athletics were more likely to consume their favorite team if they were playing a rival than a non-rival team, and the current study sought to replicate these findings at the professional level. The current study also extends previous work by measuring the impact of rival perceptions on consumption intentions. Finally, the current study investigates fan likelihood to experience GORFing following a rival loss to someone other than the favorite team. GORFing is similar to schadenfreude …show more content…
Regarding intentions of fans to consume their favorite team, research has found that fans of intercollegiate football were more likely to consume their favorite team when they were playing a rival team than a non-rival team (Havard, et al., in press; Havard et al., 2016). Building from these findings, we expect that fans of professional sport will be more likely to consume their favorite team when playing their primary rival than secondary rival. H2: Fans will indicate higher likelihood to consume their favorite team via attendance, watching on television or the Internet, wearing favorite team merchandise, reading about the favorite team, or purchasing favorite team merchandise when playing their primary rival rather then their secondary rival. Finally, Havard et al. (in press) found that rival perceptions can impact fan intentions to consume their favorite team, and we expect to find similar results. H3: Fan perceptions of rival teams will influence their likelihood to consume their favorite team via attendance, watching on television or the Internet, wearing favorite team merchandise, reading about the favorite team, and purchasing favorite team merchandise. The current study also investigates fan likelihood to experience GORFing when a team they consider a rival loses to another team. In particular, the authors investigated how (1) a fan’s likelihood of experiencing GORFing is impacted by playing a primary or secondary rival and (2) the perceptions
The Cleveland Indians fans have earned the reputation of being extremely dedicated and loyal to their team. According to Rosko (2016), Cleveland Indians’ fan base was ranked in the top 250 in the world. It is no secret that the baseball team has a devoted following, but it does beg the question who are these fans? The followers of the Cleveland Indians’ brand will be segmented into groups based on their demographics and geo-demographics. For the Cleveland Indians, this will entail categorizing consumers into groups based on age, gender, family size, and region.
As for the future of in-venue fan enhancements similar to “Unite This House”, the effort to continue to identify innovative ways to attract fans and maintain attendance will forever be a goal for sport organizations and venues around the country and beyond. As in the world of entertainment, sporting events must remain as relevant as the teams that play in them. Where striving to be the best is as common as the competitiveness of a game or match.
Information gathered for this report will explain how sports affect consumerism. I remember when I went to a Cavs game and my family spent money in the stadium, but we ended up spending more money after the game in stores around the stadium. When we left the stadium we saw many other people spending money around it rather than in the actual stadium. This shows that sports help consumerism by themselves but also direct people to other types of consumerism ex: food, clothing, or toys.
“Well, after all, this is the age of the disposable tissue. Blow your nose on a person, wad them, flush them away, reach for another, blow, wad, flush. Everyone using everyone else's coattails. How are you supposed to root for the home team when you don't even have a program or know the names? For that matter, what color jerseys are they reading as they trot out to the field?” (Bradbury 17)
With how many sporting events that there are in this country, it is common to see fans that love multiple games. Professional sports are typically favored by most followers, but there is a clear deficiency that hurts the leagues. Professional sports are exhilarating if one is a fan of a playoff team or especially a team that wins championships on a regular basis. While this is great for traditional powerhouses and teams with endless amounts of money, the majority of teams in these leagues serve as punching bags for years or even multiple decades. There is a fine line between these teams and other organizations that struggle just to make financial ends meet. Teams in financial
Sports are the one thing that has often worked towards uniting people. Whether it is in times of crisis or giving the entire nation a lift that was much needed, it has always been an activity that has dominated our lifestyle. This has often got several people gripped to their television sets or at stadiums waiting for the favorite layer to have a good game. The fan following and the entire event are a spectacle to savor as it allows people to take a break from daily activities and indulge in something far more interesting. It has evolved in the past so many years and the rules have changed in several sports. However, the one thing that has remained the same is the energy and support of fans. Most of these people end up following their team so much that they can actually predict who is going to do good and when, For people who have this uncanny habit of spotting the good and the bad, there are options to take part in playoff fantasy football.
With the growth of college sports in recent years has assisted the NCAA and universities in having increased revenues. Large fan bases provide an incredible amount of money through tickets and merchandise to universities. In chapter 43 of Richard Miller and Kelli Washington’s book titled, Sports Marketing 2014- 2015 stated:
Rivalries in American college sports can be traced back to what many consider to be the first ever-major rivalry between Harvard and Yale. This rivalry was in born “In 1843, when the two schools founded their own respective boat clubs. In the country’s first ever intercollegiate competition the two schools raced with Harvard coming out victorious. From this point on the two schools would continue to race for 150 years, establishing a rivalry not only between two colleges, but also college sports in general.” (Christenfeld, 2015) With the expansion of the NCAA, we can see an emergence of many intense rivalries between many schools across the United States. As many of these rivalries start to hit the mainstream a new study involving intercollegiate rivalries suggests, “Competition for scarce resources influences fan opinions. It was also found that geographic proximity and a shared history of comparable success determine rivalries and sometimes hostile feelings.” (Deck, and McGowan, 2015) This finding is very interesting, as it points toward not only on field play, but also external factors such as competition for recruits, attendance, and gate revenue as valid forms of resources that somewhat contribute to intense rivalries between two teams. When putting this criteria into practice it was found that, “In 2009, the most intense, inter-collegiate rivalries were: Brigham
Everyone using everyone else’s coattails. How are you supposed to root for the home team when you don’t even have a program or know the names? For that matter, what color jerseys are they wearing as they trot out on the field?” (Bradbury, 15). Clarisse’s uncle puts the situation into words very well.
Growing up in the Philadelphia region I’ve heard more debates about sports than I have about politics. Most of these debates usually consist of “your team sucks” or “That team is from New York so that’s why they are awful!”. The problem with these debates is the people involved in the debates don’t offer any insight as to why their favorite team is the best. What makes a sports team successful is their success on the playing field, fan support local and nationally, and the amount of money and sales they make. There are two teams that play in Philadelphia that will be examined in this essay the Philadelphia
Description: These fans follows sports out of tradition and feels it is important to follow hometown teams. This group is our oldest segment (45+) with the highest levels of income, accounting for 33% of our target market and our ad budget. The majority of our business-financial oriented consumers are included in this segment. Distinctifans see their support of their favorite teams as part of their personal
The discussion of corporate sponsorships for college football stadium naming is a topic that is often discussed, but not so easily acted upon. There have been various studies constructed to attempt at understanding the phenomenon of what is the lag of universities partaking in what could be considered as an opportunity. In literature it is very important to understand all the concepts and issues that take part in making a decision as such. A current trend found throughout all literature is the perception and view of the fans. The gap existing within the literature is discovering the actual reason why a university should or should not partake in such an opportunity. A trend often found is researchers looked at the stats, financial figures,
In today’s world of big time professional sports there are the two major players and they are football represented by the National Football League (NFL) and baseball represented by Major League Baseball (MLB). Now there are other sports that the American public enjoys watching, however the argument generally boils down to which sport is the true favorite of the American people: baseball or football. In this paper I will attempt to examine both sports from several different angles to include attendance, television revenue, ticket costs, venues, salaries, entertainment value, and athlete perception. The goal of this exercise will be to determine, once and for all, which sport is the American
hypothesize that among the situational factors predisposing the Smith family toward showing pronounced psychological identification with the San Francisco Giants is the fact that the Smiths make their domicile in the San Francisco area. In the absence of contrariwise considerations, the Smiths’ attitudinal preferences would in this respect interface with earlier behavioral studies. These studies, within acceptable parameters, correlate the fan’s domicile with athletic allegiance. Yet it would be counterproductive to establish domicility as the sole determining factor for the Smiths’ preference. Certain stoichiometric studies of the Smiths disclose a factor of a typicality,
Around the world, people love to cheer for their favorite sports teams. These people make up a team's fan base. A fan base is the fans that support a particular team. These fans can be divided into three categories: bandwagon fans, super fans, and the fan who thinks he is a coach.