After secondary researching on antitrust law, the guide line showed how those policy work and continue to be focused more on AT&T and Timer Warner merging situation as the judge of Department of Justice does not making any decision about this merging proposal. The purpose of merging is to reduce the cost as low as possible at efficiency scale level. This reason also to promote consumers and producer’s social welfare. However, some mergers films could change their market characteristic after merging (The FTC). The FTC added that vertical mergers had a difficult experience to keep the market with competition. After merging, the result could be a negative result that will affect other competitors or it calls “reduce competition or eliminate competitors.” When merger films’ price is lower than another film. If other competitors could not compete with mergers film, then those films will exit the market. Later new films might have a difficult time to enter because of the price is low and their cost will be too high. The higher cost could be a result from restriction of “patent rights, license,” and other “regulation.” For this situation, FTC will review a new policy. “The Case for the AT&T-Time Warner Deal” point out Mr. Stephenson (AT&T chief executive officer) that he wanted to ignore the basic structure of changing the market, but focus more on Mr. Bewkes (CEO of Time Warner) mentioned about “vertical combination” of AT& T and Timer Warner. Mr. Bewkers continued that this
In the case of Robert Tolan and Marian Tolan vs. Jeffrey Wayne Cotton, I will be discussing what interest me about this case. I will also deliberating on the liability and criminal liability of this case. The Tolan vs. Cotton case interests me because the United States have so many police that are brutalizing citizens. In some cases the police officers are getting away with it. After reading, reviewing, and studying this case I have learn a lot about the criminal system and laws that men and women should obey. I will explain how the nine judges on the Supreme courts all came to a verdict against the police officer Jeffrey Cotton after he shot an innocent suspect. This people
As part of their journalism class students produced a newspaper with a collection of student-written articles about teen pregnancy and the impact of divorce on kids. As a result, the principal made the decision to delete the two articles from that edition of the school’s newspaper. Consequently, three students sued the school district alleging violation of their First Amendment rights.
It has been reported that millions of crimes is committed in the United States of America which violates and harms the individual rights, properties, and freedoms that are not only guaranteed to American citizens of this country. It has been highlighted that justice is dealt with according to the crimes committed based on the findings and principles of our country, which derived from the Constitution of the United States. While it has been argued justice may not always be fair due to certain rights given to those who may be charged with crime sometimes an error is made. A simple mistake, a missing or broken link in the chain that represents the investigation and trial processes causes an innocent bystander to become caught up in an investigation. More importantly, in many cases can result in a wrongful conviction. This error can rise from many forms like a mistaken eyewitness identification, a false confession, misconduct of the governing authorities, improper forensic investigation, or including staff that neglect to make efforts or unskilled litigation by the defense attorneys. Those whom are affected endure years in prison, deal with lost wages, isolation from friends and family, scrutiny from potential employers, and isolation from their community.
Ammar). It is clear from the Supreme Court's statements that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel, as enunciated in Massiah v. United States and United States v. Henry, does not extend to the pre-indictment period. The taped conversations at issue in defendant's motions all took place prior to defendant's January 24, 2006 federal indictment while defendant was incarcerated for state parole violations. Even though defendant faced charges in state court, because defendant had yet to be charged in a federal indictment, defendant's right to counsel had not yet attached with respect to the federal charges. The Court denies Henry’s argument for suppression based on the Sixth Amendment right to
Sonia Sotomayer: Florida was violating the 6th amendment in sentencing people to death. Although, with each state having different rules about the death penalty, the majority supreme court decision was that Florida was acting in unconstitutional ways and that both a jury and a judge should have the final say in whether or not to send people to death.
Ninth Circuit Court holds that an employee has a reasonable expectation of privacy in their private office, because it is locked and not shared with others. This reasonable expectation of privacy extends to the contents of their office, including the employee’s company computer, located therein. As a result, the court held that the fourth amendment protects both the office and computer from warrantless searches by the government unless it obtains valid consent from either the defendant or one with common authority over the items searched, or proceeds on the authorization of one with apparent authority to give such valid consent. In this case, the Ninth Circuit holds that the government obtained valid consent from one with common authority over the items searched, when it received such consent from the employee’s employer. The employer had common authority over the employee’s office computer because it had a policy of, and regularly did, monitor employees’ computer usage of company machines, a policy of which its employees were made aware. The court accordingly denied defendant’s motion to suppress evidence found by the government during its warrantless search of defendant’s office computer. As a result, pursuant to a plea agreement, defendant was convicted of the receipt of obscene material based, in part, on evidence obtained during this search. The evidence obtained during this search, and by the company earlier, showed that defendant had viewed and had possession of
The government argued that police have an interest in investigating, preventing, and punishing crime. Therefore, their interest outweighs the persons diminished expectation of privacy at the time of an lawful arrest. Another argument for the United States would be the safety of police officers and the safeguarding of destructible evidence, thus justifying the search of the areas within immediate control of arrestees.
Companies must allow inspectors into facilities, who under the General Authority chapter, may carry firearms and execute search and arrest warrants, along with seizure. After a conviction, future services are not permitted for up to 10 years, and if another conviction is applied in that 10-year period, debarment achieves permanent status. Debarment as a process must either be applied for termination of the sentence, or the convicted can wait out the deadline. Submitted applications must be dealt with by the Secretary acting within 180 days. Debarred individuals’ names are found in the federal registry, along with their effective debarment date and the length of debarment period. The Secretary must update this list quarterly. The current food-importation
As a student or professional in the criminal justice field, one will undoubtedly cross paths with the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
The opinion of the United States Court of Appeals for the Thirteenth Circuit. R. 22–30. The decision and order of the United States District Court, District of Wisteria denying Plaintiff’s Motion for a New Trial. R. 13–21.
The criminal prosecutions section of my transitional justice strategy will be spilled into two parts. The first stage I will focus on the past actions of American slavery and the second will focus on the current day abuses against the African American population within the United States.
The Government has a system in place, laws to abide by to protect everyone that will be involved. Mr. Green is Houston’s city controller that is responsible for approving and directing the city’s money to future projects. Currently, he is blocking the City Councils vote on contracts worth $1.5 billion and this is not the first time he has blocked it. Before he pushes the contract for a vote he wants to review the bids, while digging deeper than anticipated or what everyone expected. Is it within his right to to look how the bid went and how the employees scored the bid? Is he wasting the city’s money just to push this off onto the next controller? What’s the requirement for contracts, bids and what the city requires?
The Constitution of the United States of America defines justice as equality of all. Justice has been interpreted by philosophers and politicians for centuries, but each definition centers on the concepts of fairness, consequences for wrongdoing, and upholding a precedent; all of which drive me to to follow a career in law enforcement.
One major objective of mergers is to be able to reduce or fully eliminate the weaknesses that may exit in
FTC claimed that based on various analysis and evidence, proposed merger between Staples and Office Depot will harm competition in office superstore chain market and raise market price which will lessen customers’ welfare. Nevertheless, two parties of merger casted doubt on every detailed statement, and interpreted that this merger will reduce costs, broaden scale of economies, improve economic efficiency, and optimize resource allocation, and then lower market price efficiently. Finally, the Court chose to agree with FTC’s contention.