The Deep Oceanic Trenches Near Thermal Vents

6. ^ Impact from the Deep; October 2006; Scientific American Magazine; by Peter D. Ward; 8 Page(s)

An entire new world, different from our own exists beneath the surface of our oceans. This life is full of color, shapes, sizes, wonder, and even darkness. Much of this life has yet to be explored but we still know that beneath the waves exist the most beautiful creatures and the most bizarre. Magical areas such as the coral reef and mysterious areas such as the depths of the ocean are homes to over 700,000 species that live in the ocean. This includes the eighty percent of the ocean that has yet to be explored. Even though there may be separate oceans on this planet, they are still interconnected by a body of salt water. No area of the ocean is the same, which brings us to the wonderful fact that so many different species are able to flourish

The Ocean is 70 percent of the earth surface, humans have explored less than five percent of the ocean, and is home to innumerable amount of living organisms. One of its oldest inhabitants is the Cheloniidae dates back to the Triassic era, roughly 250 million years ago, (Wang et al.,

<b>Introduction</b><br>Think of a world which existed 290 million years ago. As you look out over the terane in front of you, you think that you are on an alien planet. You see volcanoes spewing ash and lava. Beside them is the ocean which is swarming with many different species of echinoderms, bryozoans and brachiopods. As you look down onto the sea floor you are amazed at the countless number of starfish and urchins. Some animals leave you can't even describe and you have no idea even what phylum they belong to. This is a world at its height in diversity of oceanic species. Millions of wonderous species existed at this time in the ocean and most of them will never appear again in earth's history. In the geologic time scale, a million

Imagine you are at the bottom of the ocean, and there are hydrothermal vents ejecting hot lava. Adding to your misery, there are huge amounts of hydrogen sulfide gas everywhere that are poisonous to your body. In reality, this is the giant tube worm’s ecosystem. Ecosystems are all of the living things (plants/animals) and the non-living things that live in a specific area and interact with each other. Ecosystems can be of any size. In an ecosystem, there are biotic and abiotic components that are all linked. The pelagic zone or “open ocean zone”, where the giant tube worm, an underwater animal that lives near hydrothermal vents, lives is located next to the continental slope/drop off. The water is much deeper here. At the surface, there is

Did you know that, at one point, there was no life on Earth? There are many theories for how life began on our planet, Earth; no one knows which theory is true, and humans may never actually know for sure. There is a lot of evidence for each theory, each evidence only as legitimate as you believe it to be. These theories are greatly varied, spanning from life being created in deep sea vents in the oceans to lightning hitting the ground and sending off sparks that form new compounds.

The deep sea is home to many fascinating creatures that have yet to be explored by scientists for their features. These creatures can be seen as special for the way they are able to survive in the extreme sea environments. Three species, in particular, have interested scientists for their own unique ways of adapting: the giant squid, the zombie worm, and the yeti crab. Their ways of adaptations allow them to survive in the intense deep sea environments.

There’s a new digital map limning the composition of the seafloor, and it’s shown evidence of “microfossil” graveyards off the coast of Australia, in addition to other complex deep-ocean geology.

Now, instead of adventure, all (marine) biologists have gone all over the world to save what used to be the most beautiful part of the ocean to parts of the ocean where animal species need to return to its’ natural number because of garbage, toxins, and other wastes in the ocean. The thought of being surrounded by darkness at the bottom of the sea might give people an ambiguous feeling, but not for biologists who truly think of the ocean as something so ethereal. Today, the possibility to explore any part of the ocean, has infinite chances that are all almost inevitable of

Hydrothermal vents are the result of seawater percolating down through fissures in the ocean crust in the vicinity of spreading centers or subduction zones places on Earth where two tectonic plates move away or towards one another in the divergent boundary. Hydrothermal vents are like geysers, or hot springs, on the ocean floor.

(Principle number 3). The ocean contains many organisms and ecosystems that contribute to our life on land. These ecosystems function by transferring energy between different trophic levels. Trophic levels are the positions in which organisms are within an ecosystem. The order for this is 1. Autotrophs – things that can create their own food, 2. Herbivores – organisms that eat plants. 3. Carnivores – organisms that eat other organisms and finally 4. Decomposers – organisms which decompose organic material. For example, plants are at the very beginning of the trophic levels. They are labeled as autotrophs since they make their own food with photosynthesis, which we all knew already. This is the same for plants that lay on the bottom of the ocean, they take in the CO2 emissions we create in the atmosphere and take in sunlight to create

The marine deep biome starts at about 100 feet deep in the ocean and ends at around 5000 feet. The location is slightly in between the euphotic and disphotic ocean zones. Because of the little light that enters the disphotic zone, the organisms there, rely on the zone above for food. In the upper part of the marine deep biome, photosynthesis occurs, allowing producers to thrive and eventually be eaten by lower located organisms. Some examples of producers that can be grown by process of photosynthesis are phytoplankton, seaweed, and algae. Without the sunlight, there would be no way for deeper sea life to survive. A couple of those lower organisms are shrimp, mollusks, and zooplankton; which are all herbivores. Carnivores, which feast on these

After years of only being able to study the impact of small filter-feeders near the surface of the water, a group of scientists in Monterey Bay, California, have invented a camera and laser device that can record data on the effects of filter-feeders deep in the ocean.[1][2][4] This device, given the name DeepPIV (particle image velocimetry), spent June to December 2015 observing 2 species of giant larvaceans in the bay. Because larvaceans don’t form their mucus “house” in a lab, this was the first time scientists have gained insight as to how these mucus membranes play a role in oceanic carbon cycling.

the deepest marine trenches in the world (Rosenburg no. 6). With the interaction of the strong currents over the many reefs the topography is in a state of constant flux and development of new navigational hazards is swift (Rosenburg no. 6).

For many years humans have struggled to discover the deepest parts of the ocean and have also struggled with discovering space. We could not go really deep into the ocean, because humans can not withstand the pressure that the ocean produces. But now there is a robot that can reach the ocean floor called “The Benthic Rover”. With that new robot, scientist will be able to record how changes on the surface of the ocean will impact the marine animals below. “What is special about the rover is that we will be able to stay in the deep parts of the ocean for a really long time collecting seasonal changes data” (Engineer Alana Sherman). With Benthic Rover,