The most common way to take medicine is orally. Once the medicine is ingested through the mouth, it goes through the digestive process to eventually be distributed into the organs and tissues. The medication can travel through the body more than once if the medication was not fully dissolved in the first travel through. Within the stomach, acidic juices help to break down nutrients from food or other substances and eliminate bacteria that were on or in the ingested substance. (Howell, 2016) The digestive process happens when food or anything ingested passes through the gastrointestinal tract. The typical route of the consumed food is the mouth, to the esophagus, to the stomach, next to the small intestine then lastly to the large …show more content…
And if the pill has a very strong outer coating, it may dissolve in the small intestines. The gastric juices help to dissolve the medicine because of its high acidic levels. (Howell, 2016) Stomach acid, also known as gastric juices, is mostly made of hydrochloric acid and also consists of water, electrolytes, enzymes, mucus, and intrinsic factor. Gastric acid in the body helps to protect the gastrointestinal tract from harmful bacteria that has been consumed. Since stomach acid is very acidic, it is able to do all of its needs such as, break down nutrients and kill harmful bacteria. (Lehman, 2016) (McDade & Cloos, 2009) The concentration of hydrochloric acid in the stomach acid varies between 5,000 and 10,000 parts per million. Levels of pH vary between1 and 12. If a substance has a pH of 12 it is the very basic, while a substance with a pH of 1 is very acidic. Stomach acid has a pH that varies between 1 and 3, making it very acidic. In comparison to water, normal gastric juices’ levels are 100,000-1,000,000 times more acidic. (McDade & Cloos, 2009) (National Center for Family Learnings, 2014) Foods and liquids have different effects on medication in the body. For example, Norman Tomaka research shows that hot liquids can affect the outer coating, releasing the medicine quicker. Dairy products are shown to limit the absorption from the stomach to the blood. The pH of some liquids may also affect the distribution of some
Absorption – “How the drugs enter the circulation process through the body, and how they resist general breakdown by the stomach, liver, and the intestines”. Some of the factors that affect the absorption of drugs in the body is as follows, “acidity of the stomach, Physiochemical properties, Presence of food in the stomach or intestine, and Routes of administration”,
into ammonia, and thus neutralizing the surrounding acidic environment. Also, H. pylori contains "hydrogenase" enzyme, which can oxidize molecules hydrogen being produced by other gastric bacteria, in order to produce energy. Some other enzymes that can be utilized by H. pylori are "oxidase" and "catalase", which are also used to test for the presence of this organism. It can also form "biofilm" on the gastric mucosa epithelium, which results in its ability to resist against many antimicrobials. From spiral form, it is able to convert into "coccoid form" - one of its advantage which helps in its survival and epidemic potential [5].
The majority of medicines are formulated for oral administration. This means they are taken via the mouth, in the form of a tablet, capsule, liquid or suspension. These medicines come in a variety of
The stomach is an organ that is part of the digestive system. The stomach is located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity, below the diaphragm and next to the liver (Stomach, 2013). The inner walls of the stomach contain small pores called gastric pits. The gastric pits contain cells that secrete chemicals that aid in the digestion of food (Nguyen, 2015). In this essay, I will discuss the different cell types of the stomach, how they work together to provide the overall function of the stomach, why each organ requires different cell types, why the stomach can’t be comprised of just one cell type, and the advantage of having different types of cells.
Oral - medicines can be given orally in the form of capsules, tablets, liquids or powders.
The aspirin starts begins to dissolve by the enzymes and are soaked in while traveling down to the stomach. They then are distributed to the areas that need the pain relief.
This is medication that is taken via the mouth. This can be in the form of tablets and capsules. If an individual finds it difficult to swallow tablets oral medication is also available in liquids, suspensions and syrups. Sublingual medications are for example when tablets are placed under the tongue to dissolve quickly.
The National Prescribing Centre recognize some fundamental differences in the absorption, distribution and excretion of medicines between adults and children. The differences are published in the National Prescribing Centre’s bulletin, produced by
Chaucer's ability to characterize people from all walks of life in explicit detail, as is so wonderfully displayed in The Canterbury Tales, is just one factor that allowed him to be known as one of history's finest literary artists. At the end of a career that would be considered by most artists as an extremely successful one, what could have caused Chaucer to apologize for any of the works which defined literary success? In "Chaucer's Retraction," which appears at the end of The Canterbury Tales (Norton 311), Chaucer not only apologizes for several of his secular works, he also goes so far as to revoke them, and ask for forgiveness for such works which "tended toward sin" (313), as he puts it.
They can just pop it and chew it. Finally there are liquids so they can be easily drank. This is mostly to soothe the stomach and or throat. Different types of consumption will affect what the treatment is for and how it will deal with the symptom. Pharmaceuticals will help people maintain a healthy lifestyle.
It is seven forty-five. There are still a few precious minutes until bedtime. My younger sister and I have already dressed for bed, but our plot is to drag out every second we have left before eight o’clock. Only one thing remains for us to do to accomplish our mission: read. We beg our parents to read to us, and they, as predicted, agree. The two of us sprint to our shared bedroom in order to stare at the bookshelf. Two toddlers find it difficult to the correct book. We must choose a book that both of us will enjoy, we must choose a book on a shelf that one of us can actually reach, but most importantly, we must choose a lengthy book. So we, of course, choose the longest two books we can reach. I snatch a treasury of children’s stories, and my sister selects a treasury of Dora the Explorer stories. Never had we read either one of these in one sitting, but we regularly tried to push the boundaries just a bit farther.
Pharmacokinetics consists of three components, absorption, distribution, and clearance. Absorption, especially from the oral route is the least influenced by the aging process and slows down, but remains complete (Adams et al., 2011). As the number of drugs ingested increases, the risk that absorption is interrupted increases (Adams et al., 2011). Distribution is significantly impacted with age. Older people have more body fat and less water than younger people. As a result, a drug that is fat soluble will remain in older bodies
The stomach is an expandable muscular sac that is capable of holding 2-4 liters of food and liquids and breaks them down with the use of pepsinogen, an inactive form pepsin, a protein-digesting enzyme. If the stomach was damaged or dysfunctional, then it would be harder to gradually release food into the small intestine at a rate suitable for proper digestion and absorption and to digest the food because it is not as small or digested because the stomach also assists in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of the food as well as the killing of harmful bacteria due to the high acidic environment due to the hydrochloric acid. (Audesirk, T., & Audesirk, G. (1999). Retrieved November 21, 2015 from Chapter 29: Nutrition and Digestion. In Biology:
Harry Potter has become a household name throughout the years of its existence (Ernie 139) because of the publishing companies, Bloomsbury and Scholastic, that took the necessary risks. (Bristow 313). Contrary to popular belief, Harry Potter was not an instant success, especially since it had difficulty in finding a publisher (Visser and Kaai 196). What few people know is that several publishers actually rejected J.K. Rowling’s work before Bloomsbury first took a chance on it, and it took at least two years before the phenomenal novel reached the top sellers list in New York (Visser and Kaai 196). The Cinematic franchise of Harry Potter alone is worth at least 25 Billion Dollars (Wells and Fahey “The numbers are
Oral. Tablets, liquids, and capsules are swallowed. The antibiotic is released in the small intestine to be absorbed into the bloodstream. Troches, or lozenges, are allowed to dissolve in the mouth, where the antibiotic is absorbed through the mucous membrane. Parenteral.