Google defines “a performance-enhancing drug” as any substance taken by athletes to improve performance. Some athletes take steroids to increase their athletic ability in order to have an advantage over their opponents. Athletes have always looked for the one thing that will get them to be bigger, stronger, and better enough to beat out all the other teams. As technology expands, new ways of making the better athlete have been discovered. Currently, you can do a process called gene doping to gain
steroids. Additionally, the new agreement established mandatory random testing for amphetamines for the first time. The testing is conducted year round, including during the off-season and every player is tested. PED’s also have effects and risks on athletes health when abused. Just as there are a many types of different performance enhancing drugs, there are also a many types of diverse health effects that can be caused from the use of those drugs. The health effects of three different types of performance-enhancing
Athletes narrowed their interests to one or two sports during the Specializing Years (Bush, Salmela, 2001). This decision was often made around the age of thirteen and was influenced by encouragement from parents, coaches, and the enjoyment they experienced within their sport (Bush, Salmela, 2001). Practice became more structured during this time but fun and excitement remained a central piece to prevent athletes from blistering out (Bush, Salmela, 2001). Interestingly, the parents in all four families
ethical issues faced today is that of human enhancement. The ethical issues that occur when looking at the concept of human enhancement are defined by the ideas of “human nature, personal identity, moral status, well-being, and problems in normative ethics, political philosophy, philosophy of mind, and epistemology” (Savulescu, 2) There are a plethora of ways in which human enhancement can become an issue in every profession such as sports, marketing, and any job that requires heightened brain use.
From the beginning of time, men and women have competed against one another over many aspects of life. By this, I mean intellectual differences, work ethic, and how each gender is suppose to behave in society. The examples above cannot be, in any way, biased towards any particular gender; meaning when it comes to education, work ethic, and social roles, men and women are completely equal and should be treated as such. However, when referring to the physiological differences between the body development
research, the field is in constant change and new innovations are being made every day. Nevertheless, it has also been target of multiple criticisms and controversies in terms of ethics, with topics like animal experimentation or assisted death. One of those controversial topics is gender identification, affecting elite athletes who have to undergo humiliating medical examinations or harmful treatments, to prove if they are male or female, in order to compete on sports events such the Olympics. All of
values he displays, however, do not seem to have developed since the time of Homer; Pindar's ethics are those of a shame-culture, and in this way thoroughly Homeric. They are aristocratic, favouring the strong, powerful ruler over the weak and dominated. Wealth and prosperity are praised, not frowned upon. Nietzsche approved of Pindar's praise of the strong, be they tyrants or athletes (or indeed both), and conversely disapproved of the way Socrates later denied the good to
In the United States of America, societal deviance changes nearly on a daily basis. Depending on the current culture, deviance is modified to make societal heroes like celebrities, political figures, and sport players look less deviant and more like role models for the public. The change in what is considered “normal” is customarily a result of society in general. By using a reference group of people, individuals tend to identify with those who are in the lime light. Then when that role model does
Despite the widespread belief that gender comes from within, it’s becoming increasingly clear that gender is constructed by our culture to form social norms around what we call masculinity and femininity. In her article “Night to His Day,” Judith Lorber discusses the way gender is described as a binary system in our society, with transgender people further enforcing this structure. The concept of gender inequality, which Lorber mentions, is discussed in more detail in John J. Macionis’ chapter about
I will examine and problematize the representations of old age and aging based on the way the protagonist of this film, Carl Fredriksen, has been portrayed. I will explore the way in which this film, simultaneously, relies on representations of elderly men to maintain socially acceptable bounds, and poses challenges to these same social boundaries to create a narrative of alternative masculinity in old age. I will focus on discourses of declining in old age, Ageism, self-reinvention, and concepts