Question 1:
Australia was once one of the healthiest and wealthiest single megadiverse country in the world. Unfortunately, it is now facing serious environmental problems which will affect the future generations.
The early signs of the Australian environmental impacts were introduced by the colonial settlement in the 18th -19th century. The coastal population, the bringing of new species, the land degradation and the water conflicts, are the agents that contributed to the start of the environment deterioration.
And since the environmental issues are directly related to population growth, human activities and associated developments, it is definite that Australia will still be encountering future environmental challenges. Even with the compliance to legislation acts and protection policies, Australia is at the forefront of environmental management but in fact were are leaving our future generations major environmental problems such as climate change, fresh water allocation and storage, marine fisheries, rapid growth in mining and coal seam gas development, biodiversity loss, land degradation and deforestation.
Drought, heatwaves, bushfires, longer fire season, floods, sea level rising, oceans warming and becoming more acidic, all these are happening because of the climate change Australia is experiencing.
The major driver believed to be the cause of climate change is greenhouse gas emissions, and since Australia is one of the top countries with
This paper recognises that the Australian climate has increased significantly since 1910. Evidence is provided to suggest that Australia has a climate-sensitive economy, as the variations in climate and damage caused by extreme weather conditions produce significant social and economic costs. Climate
Environmentalists raised concerns over emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) that poses significant threat to the world heritage site is carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions emit from burning of coal that produced from Adani mining company. The concerns were happened when minister of environment of federation, Mr. Greg Hunt approved on the coalmine investment to Indian mining company that worth 16.5 billion dollar. Queensland premier and Adani company claimed that the investment of coalmine would create 10,000 jobs for local residents and inject 22 billion dollar for the Queensland state’s economy.
A concern raised by a group of environmentalists over a threat to the Great Barrier Reef is carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that emit from the burning of coal. The federation government environment minister, Mr. Greg Hunt approved a 16.5 billion dollar project to Indian mining company so called Adani mining company. According to Queensland premier and the Adani mining company, claimed that the investment of coal mine extraction would create 10,000 jobs for local residents and inject 22 billion dollars for the Queensland state’s economy.
Climate change creates significant impacts in the Australian context: in considering sea level rise is one of the most critical condition and as per the IPCC report, in 2100 it will increase by79 centimeters (Department of climate change, 2009). Further, it enhances natural hazards affect on the coastal region as flood, inundation, erosion, and storm surges, which will be a significant threat to the coastal community (Button et al.2013). In addition, sea level rise causes a significant change to beaches, coral reefs, estuaries, wetlands and low-lying islands.
In the Jeff Goodell’s article “The End of Australia”, published in Rolling Stones, the author describes effect of a global warming on Australia. He provides such fact as increased drought that effects water supply, farm production and causes extreme fires that takes lives of people. Draws are followed by unusually long rains. Author also describes effects of global warming on the Great Barrier Reef. Increase in water temperature slowly killing the reef, which will potentially can harm marine life that inhabit the reef, and it would also effect economy of Australia by cutting tourists flow. Author also discuss that one of the main reason why Australia has such effects is high pollution and there is a ways to decrease it. However, Australia
Australia has Beautiful coasts, habitats and an abundance of land, climate change can destroy all of this. Climate change effects not just sea level rises but also weather patterns, global temperature, water quality and ecosystems. The threat of rising sea level is big *gestures towards power point* this image shows the Gold Coast when sea levels rise less than a meter; most of Carrara is underwater, not to mention all the areas where water might flow *power point gesture*. The climate also affect the oceans acidity and temperature which greatly affects the oceans ecosystem and our loved Great Barrier Reef. The Great Barrier Reef is classed as the largest living Earth, however the warm ocean temperatures are killing the algae that sustains the reef without it the reef will die. Many businesses rely on the reef to make a living, not to mention when the sea rises many homes will be lost all across Australia. If nothing is done about climate change, there will be repercussions within your lifetimes.
The oceans have been recorded to be rising in surface temperature, which in turn is causing fish to migrate to colder oceans near the poles; this disruption fisheries and other animals who prey on fish. The rise in temperature also can control currents, which caused a 40% increase in tropical storms since the 1950’s. The rise in temperature in our atmosphere has also caused for the melting of the ice caps, which has raised the sea levels almost 6.7 inches in the last century, with some locations on the eastern parts of Canada reading increases as high as 8 inches. These readings are more than double what they were in the previous century. The acidity of oceans is also increasing due to the increase of CO2 in the air. This is doing many things to different ecosystems such as coral reefs. The Great Coral Reef in Australia has lost half of its’ coral over the last 27 years alone. The rise in temperature and carbon dioxide causes the coral to bleach, which makes it weak and allows it to be destroyed very easily by any storms, or other predators. The rise in carbon emissions not only affects land life, but is also destroying our oceans as
3.Gippsland lakes in Victoria Australia 4.Murray River in New South Wales,Victoria and South Australia 5.Darling River in New South Wales 6.Swan River in Western Australia 7.Mouth Kosciusko in New South Wales 8.Mouth Hotham in Victoria 9.Mouth Townsend in New South Wales 10.Great Victoria Desert in South Australia 11.Great Sandy Desert in north west of Western Australia 12.Simpson Desert in Northern Territory, South Australia and Queensland in central Australia.
The changing land use via the construction of the new Crown Resort in Sydney harbour yields a majority of negative implications on the environment, Australia’s economy, and society. The effect on the environment, including air and water pollution, and the deconstruction of the working harbour, is detrimental to health and well being. The social implications include the effect on gamblers’ individual lives and the lives of social housing occupants, as well as the impact casinos have on Australia’s international profile. The economy is affected because it widens the economic gap between rich and poor and changes the area via the changing of residents due to high rates catering to wealthy tourists.
Meanwhile, Australia's natural environment is feeling the impacts of runaway climate change. In fact, Goldman Sachs' chief economist in Australia, Tim Toohey, has suggested that the recent drought poses a grave risk to the economy, further adding to ongoing economic tensions. Just the other day, "The nation's largest coal mine has passed a significant hurdle after Environment Minister Greg Hunt approved it with 'the strictest conditions in Australian history,' in a decision environment groups have declared a disaster."
The Australian public are concerned with the environment and keen that any Government in power have some commitment to the environment and climate on its agenda and that the Government is committed to preserving the environment. If those in power wish to remain there this commitment must be visible. Unfortunately Australia has just committed to an economic plan that is based on the mining, exportation and burning of the nations massive coal resources (Vorrath, 2014). Hand in hand with this strategy, should be an investment in CCS so that Australia takes some responsibility for reducing pollution. It is interesting to note that the two biggest countries Australia is relying on to buy this coal (India and China) are starting to move away from heavy polluting coal power stations and looking at alternative technologies. India, for example, is providing loans and subsidies to its citizens to set up the world’s largest solar farms whilst China has the ambitious aim to phase out coal completely in some cities by 2020 (Vorrath, 2014). By reducing their coal dependency these countries are in fact playing their part in trying to reduce Co2 pollution albeit not necessarily investing in CCS technology (Vorrath,
As an Australian I have had the privilege of indulging in the bountiful land that I am lucky to call my home. A land that is home to millions and supplies millions more. The central hub of these huge happenings is the Murray Darling Basin - the largest water storage and water system in Australia, spanning 1/7 of Australia's total land mass, containing over 40% of all Australian farms and the source of water for millions. Paramount to the enterprise, the general wellbeing and the beneficiary’s of the MDB is the life blood of the world, water. A step further in to the notion of the importance of water is the notion of clean water. A factor vital to the sustainability of the MDB and a factor that I believe the Australian Government isn't doing
Sydney’s ability to overcome this sustainability crisis, relies on the infrastructure rules and regulations set out by the government in Canberra. It is the same legislation that allows the growth in ecologically friendly solutions that prohibits them from being enforced. As of Last years Annual report, for the NSW Renewable energy action plan 2015, the hydroelectrical capability is only 3.3% of its total potential energy.
structural changes to the country, and minimal impact on the Australian lifestyle. With all the nations uniting and doing their part to decarbonise the global economy, it is possible to save planet earth and not go over the 2c limit. In the next four paragraphs
24. Australia’s climate is governed largely by it’s size and by the hot, sinking air of the subtropical high pressure belt. This moves north and south with the seasons so that the rainfall pettern over Australia is highly sesonal. Australia’s rainfall is lowest with frequent droughts lasting seveval seasons thought to be caused in part by the El Nino-Southern.