2) The Impeachment of Drug Traffickers Each favela used to be controlled by a drug gang, whose leader was named the dono (literally, “the owner”) of the favela. Drug lords imposed their rule in lawless communities, often exposing residents to extreme violence when fighting rival gangs. They also influenced local politics by mediating the clientelistic exchange between favela residents and politicians. The Pacification Policy seems to have abolished the rule by drug lords thus ending their mediation in the clientelistic exchange in addition to reducing violence. Evidence from interviews suggests that since the Pacification, drug traffickers are no longer involved in residents’ everyday life and have no more influence on activities of the …show more content…
“Now these parties are not taking place anymore” explains a bartender in Babilônia, “now, we have to ask the permission of the UPP for hosting one, we need to fill out a form and they decide when the party ends.” If the youth generally begrudge the early endings of parties, older residents appreciate the quiet nights (Oosterban and Van Hijk 2015). Likewise, drug traffickers assisted residents in the upgrading of houses and public spaces, something which is today mainly done through “mutirões”, volunteer collective actions promoted by the Residents’ Associations (Pilote 2011). Finally, three interviewees explain that if an old lady required a medicine, drug traffickers would do what was necessary to find it. “They were behaving like an association” observed a bartender in Babilônia, “and were doing so in order to conquer people’s sympathy.” In the meantime, drug traffickers also played the role of conflict mediators in everyday disputes. Roberto, tour guide in the favela of Rocinha explains that before the Pacification, he once got into trouble with drug traffickers for bringing tourists to the favela. The drug traffickers explained to him that the Residents’ Associations had its own tour guides, and that he could not bring
The numbers speak loud and clear. This was part of the effects that where brought about by this epidemic, the growing use of the drug. Crack cocaine pierced through urban neighborhoods; its roots were tightly griped in Los Angeles California’s black neighborhoods (Webb “Dark Alliance; War…”). In effect, the growing use of cocaine in the US brought fort new types of profit and purpose for the drug trafficking industry; thus the emergence of crack cocaine on American soil, especially through the explosion in LA. This was due to a link between these areas drug dealers and the Fuerza Democratica Nicaraguense (FDA), know as the Contras here in the US (Webb “Dark Alliance; the Shadowy…”). The Contras imported the cocaine through one man, Oscar Danilo Blandon (Webb “Dark Alliance; the Shadowy…”). The Contras revolution against the socialist establishment in Nicaragua was being funded by the drug trafficking industry in other words (Webb “Dark Alliance; the Shadowy…”), and this ius when a chain effect begins. The chains of effects begin in Nicaragua, but ultimately it ends and harbors itself in the US within its urban neighborhoods. The CIA was involved with the Contras is one way or another, this is where the conspiracy theories begin (Webb “Dark Alliance; the Shadowy…”). Supposedly in the most extreme conclusion of them all is that the CIA was allowing the Contras to import and deliver all their cocaine, in order for them to find the monetary means for their
The militarization and criminalization of drugs in Latin America has led to a precipitous increase in violence, killing thousands of people and injuring many more. Economist Jeffrey Miron of CNN writes, “Prohibition creates violence because it drives the drug market underground. This means buyers and sellers
The changes in key government leadership positions have had significant implications on Mexico 's drug trade business (Lupsha 1995). Take the example of one of Mexico 's leading drug traffickers, Juan Garcia Abrego who is widely known as the inventor of Mexican drug trafficking. Abrego 's drug smuggling operations flourished under former President Salina 's administration. When former President Zedillo entered office in December of 1994, Abrego lost the high-level protection provided under the former President Salina. Without this level of protection, Abregos influence in the drug trade industry decreased dramatically to the point of bankruptcy, in a traditional business sense. During this transformation, other well-connected cartels gained uncontested access to large drug trafficking corridors once controlled by Abrego. Despite Abregos deteriorating drug influence in Mexico, President Zedillo put a large bounty on him, making Abrego the most wanted drug smuggler in Mexico. Nevertheless, Abrego 's eventual capture was highly celebrated by the United States as a sign of Mexico 's increasing efforts and dedication to the elimination of illicit drug smuggling operations. In my opinion the example of Abrego 's lost influence and highly celebrated capture directly relates to the politic rhetoric and corruption that is associated with
When, in 1971, Richard Nixon infamously declared a “war on drugs” it would have been nearly impossible for him to predict the collective sense of disapprobation which would come to accompany the now ubiquitous term. It would have been difficult for him to predict that the drug war would become a hot topic, a highly contentious and polarizing point of debate and, it would have difficult for him to predict that the United States would eventually become the prison capital of the world, incarcerating, proportionally, more people than anywhere in the world. Today, beyond being a popular political talking point, mass incarceration has become a veritable crisis. The United States now has over 2 million citizens languishing in prisons -- far and away in the most in the globe, and a nearly 68% recidivism rate. Most Americans are quick to blame the dire state of mass incarceration in the United States today on the punitive drug war policies instituted by the likes of Ronald Reagan, and Richard Nixon; however the reality is much more equivocal. Further analysis of mass incarceration - its causes and factors - in reality reveals a much less black and white situation: While these severe drug war policies played almost undoubtedly an integral role in creating the American system of mass incarceration, they are only a segment, emblematic of a larger systemic crisis of draconian, “tough-on-crime” penalties, which over the last forty years placed more Americans in prison than any other
The United States government has been wasting millions of dollars each year on a worthless war that cannot be won. This war is explained in detail by author Art Caden in their essay “Let’s Be Blunt” about the United State war on drugs. The war on drugs began in 1971 under the order of President Richard Nixon, and it was one of the worst decisions he ever made. It has been nothing but a waste of government funding, time, and manpower that can only be described as a dismal failure and should be repealed or at the very least medical marijuana should be made legal.
The Senate has the sole power to try all impeachments. Impeachment is when one who holds office in the United States is questioned as to whether they are still able to carry out their duties and still should hold their office position. Those who hold office in the United States may be impeached by committing, but not limited to, treason, bribery or other high crimes and misdemeanors. The process of impeachment begins with, for example, the President being tried. The Chief of Justice will then preside. There must be a two-thirds concurrence of the current members of the Senate for a conviction. If convicted the President will be removed from office and be unapproved for any office of honor, trust, or profit in the United States as stated
For many years, drugs have played a major role in low income communities. Marcus Laffey, a third-generation police officer, explains the reality of drugs and its effect in the lives of everyone in poor neighborhoods in his article, “Inside Dope.” There is an ongoing fight on the streets of countless cities over this epidemic and some may see this fight as a lost cause. The war on drugs is not pointless because lives are ruined everyday by drugs, because drugs have caused a war on the streets, and because if there isn’t a fight against drugs, the use of them will only increase.
It seems like every day I will turn on the news and I hear of one person after the other being thrown into prison, about our countries deficit or another scandal dealing with discrimination. And if I don’t hear it from the news I’m hearing it from friends and family or seeing it for myself. I can remember being told at the age of 10 that my favorite uncle, Tio Chico, was somewhere else and I might not see him for a long time. My ten-year-old self couldn’t understand why; I knew Tio Chico wasn’t a bad guy. He loved me so much and would protect his little mama, that’s me, from anything and anyone. It was later that I learned that he was getting into the wrong crowd and was starting to become involved with low level drugs. It was through some divine intervention that he only got probation, but his friends were not as lucky, they were served long jail sentences.
Drugs have been present in American society since the colonial days when they would farm tobacco as a cash crop, but we have been “fighting” a drug war since 1974, or since Nixon declared war on drugs, that seems to be going on even when other issues come into light before it. Heroin is, an opium derivative, classified as one of the deadliest street drugs in America. For example, if a person were to take 10% percent pure heroin they could go into cardiac arrest and possible overdose. Moreover, It is not common knowledge that heroin shaped how America fights against drugs; the most common way being the laws that the Nixon’s presidency enforced. In fact, Nixon laid the groundwork and the other presidents ran with it causes the laws against drugs
Violence is the predominant form of mediation in these relationships, and consequently great harm is done to residents of these communities, both those involved directly in the drug trade and those caught in the crossfire. Consistent with the propositions of conflict theory, the relative lack of power and political representation held by the residents of these extremely poor communities hampers their ability to address the problem. Consequently, the drug trade may become entrenched in the area, and the community disruption, drug dependence, and violence associated with it further serves to limit the opportunities of these
Like many other countries in Latin America and across the globe, Peru is no stranger to the economic and social impacts of illicit drug trade. However, unlike most other countries in the region like Colombia, Peru does not experience a high rate or organized crime or violence surrounding the drug trade. Although violence is minimal, the growth of cocoa and the production of cocaine is a massive industry within the country, creating an interesting dynamic between the people of Peru, those involved in the drug trade, and the Peruvian Government. The drug trade in Peru has been fueled by the geography, structure of the criminal groups involved, perceived corruption of the military and police forces, and an ineffective and overcrowded prison system.
In the article, “Medellin Cartel: Why We Can’t Win the Drug War,” the author, Robert Filippone, suggests that the corruption in Colombia is due to many people profiting from the Medellin Cartel. The cartel’s operations extended beyond the production and transportation of cocaine and included people not directly involved in drug smuggling, such as chemists, engineers, architects, and aviation pilots. The enormous profits from narcotics trafficking provided financial benefits to many segments of Colombian society. Although I acknowledge the fact that there was, and still is, corruption in Colombia, there are many positive aspects of Colombia that Narcos fails to
Violence in modern Colombia takes place in many forms. The three major categories are crime, guerrilla activities, and attacks committed by drug traffickers. Violence has become so widespread and common in Colombia that many people have now become numb to it. The Colombian economy has also benefited from the illicit drug trade; however violent it may be. During the 1970s, Colombia became well known, as one of the world’s most important drug processing, production, and distribution centers for marijuana and cocaine.
Pablo Escobar, Gus Fring, and Walter White. These are the names of well-known drug lords in the drug world. They were the top of the food chain like Walter White said “I am the danger. A guy opens his door and gets shot and you think that of me? No. I am the one who knocks!”. This hidden world is filled with violence, lust, greed, anger, sorrow wrath, and vainglory. To walk down this thorny path would mean to prepare yourself for a shift from your own reality. You will face things that will make you change for the better or for the worst. With these experiences makes a drug lord. Life circumstances directs a person's decision in becoming drug lords.
Drug cartels have grown and expanded throughout the interior and exterior of states for many years. The way drugs started to be introduced to Mexico, Colombia, and other places around the world was believed to be a myth. It was a tale that was known by many through storytelling, which over the years turned into an actual realistic issue. One of the most known cartels that existed for a long time was The Medellin Cartel. It became a subculture of its own, creating a world full of violence, women, money, firearms, death but most importantly power and fear. Located in Colombia this brutal subculture will show how they become one of the wealthiest subculture in the world surpassing even its own country’s riches.