Immigration is a contested political issue, with both the costs and benefits under debate. Due to this, the assignment will involve a discussion on the implications of the increased mobility of the world’s population and the impact on the migration of nurses on the United Kingdom’s (U.K.) national health system. It will also look at the impact of immigration upon the National Health Service (NHS) and the increase in the demand on education and housing.
Introduction
According to Levaggi and Montefiori (2013, pp.100) globalisation is likely to have a significant impact on the population’s health and it creates challenges for the financing and provisions of the national health care system. The Office for National Statistics (2015) states
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According to the House of Lords (2013), one in five people in the UK will be over the age of 65 by 2030. Goldin, Cameron and Balarajan (2012, pp.6) argue that due to the increase in the ageing population, there will be new demands for labor both skilled and less skilled migrants in developed countries. The Department of Health (2011) states that anyone in the UK who is deemed to be ordinarily a resident is entitled to free NHS hospital treatment in England but overseas immigrants will have to prove they are entitled to be in the country before they are given access to GPs and hospitals. The Department of Health (2015) however suggests that a charge can not be made or recovered from any overseas visitor for accident and emergency services whether in hospital or at a walk in center, for some treatment of certain infectious diseases, psychiatric treatment and family planning services. Data provided by the Department of Health (2013) shows the population of visitors and temporary migrants is around 2.5 million and the costs of them using the NHS estimated to £2 billion per year; this total includes the use by nationals from countries which the UK has a reciprocal agreement with and health tourists like people who come to the UK with the express intent of using the health service which they were not entitled to, was estimated to cost between £60 million and £80 million per year. This compares to the annual
The health care system varies from country to country although a factor they all have in common is that great measures of research are taken in order to find results and achieve a good health care system for the economy. Between Australia and japan, there are great initiatives taken to help in association to this, including economic, social and political circumstances, all influencing the way in which the countries health care system is shaped and run.
After the economic factors, I am going to discuss about impacts of migration on social field. First and the most important negative effect of migration in London is the high level of crime. More than one crime in five in London is now committed by a foreign national (“Telegraph”, T. Harper, B. Leapman). The high level of crime is very dangerous situations for London population. Damian Green, the shadow immigration minister, said: "Every new piece of evidence shows how damaging the government's failure to control immigration has been. They have ignored the fact that uncontrolled movements of people can cause strains on society, as well as bringing economic benefits." It means that government of UK should pay attention not only to economic benefits of migration, but also to the crime condition of immigrants. On the other hand, migration has one big advantage, it is multinationality. From the Table “A” we can see the percentage number of different ethnicities in London (UK National Statistics, 2009). If we analyze this table, we can see that a variable nationalities lives in UK and most of them lives especially in London. Due to that there is different ethnic it is clear that here is different religions.58.2% of Londoners are Christian, 8.5% Muslim, 4.1% Hindu, 2.1% Jewish, 1.5% Sikh, 0.8% Buddhist and 0.2% other
This movie went around the world to different countries to show the comparisons and differences in healthcare compared to each other and the U.S. The first country that was visited was the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom spends 8.3% of their GDP on healthcare. The citizens pay nothing for premiums, all of it is paid trough taxation. Some services require co-pay, but all young people and all elderly are exempt from drug co-pays. The United Kingdom calls their healthcare system “socialized medicine”; the government provides for and pays for all healthcare. The taxes that Britons pay gets distributed up to different healthcare providers. Since the United Kingdoms’ system is taxed,
Health care systems are different in every country around the world. There are four main components that complete a health care delivery system, described by Shi and Singh (2015) as the quad-function model, which includes insurance, financing, payment and delivery of care (p. 5). Along with the components of the quad-function model it is important to analyze a countries access to care, their health outcomes and how public health is integrated into the health care delivery system. The United States has a unique health care system that is like no other country. Great Britian, in contrast, also has a unique system that is very different than the United States.
Apart from this, it is also analyzed that, in order to ensure proper social welfare amongst the members of the society, there is an increasing consideration towards the issue of health in all the major economies of the world. The matter has been taken up more seriously in the recent times by the people and the government at large, because of the rising
Health care in the UK relies heavily on a public market rather than a private driven market; thus, giving free care to its people. NHS services are free of charge to patients in England unless stated (Department of Health, 2013). Free health care in the UK aim to prevent ill health and
Within the past ten years, immigration has tripled in the UK. The rising trend of immigration has led to a strongly negative perception towards foreigners within the British population. Economists have a more modest opinion on immigration; the economic impact of immigration seems crucial, but it would seem that it in fact only has a small effect on the domestic labor market. Furthermore, the Home Office has indirectly conceded that they have lost the general compendium over the number of incoming immigrants, creating objectives to manage immigration to the benefit of the UK. Firstly, an assessment of the immigration statistics will be made, giving an overview of the accrued immigrants as of
The cost of care has been a growing problem throughout developed nations during the last 15 years. For example, across 34 nations that make up the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the average per capita health care expenditure increased by more than 70 percent between 2000 and 2010. However, the biggest spenders — such as
As the United States continues make improvements to its national health care system, it is important to look to the health care policies of other countries. We can learn a lot from noting what is working in regards to foreign health
In any country, external forces can influence or shape the basic character of a healthcare delivery system (Shi, 2015). These forces consist of political climate of a nation, economic development, technological processes, social and cultural values, physical environment, population characteristics such as demographic and health trends, global
Socio-cultural - The Office for National Statistics (ONS) state that, since 1964, the population of the UK has grown by over ten million (about half of this growth has occurred since 2001), in addition the average age of a UK citizen has increased by four years. This means that not only does NHS
In line with the majority of other developed countries, the United Kingdom (UK) has offered its citizens a universal health care system that is free at the point of service. Funded primarily by taxation, the system is popular and efficient. However, along with most other health care systems around the world, it faces a series of challenges if it is to maintain viability, in the twenty-first century. These issues include; long waiting times, an aging population, funding challenges and the increasing cost of technology.
This evaluation takes place in the context of enormous global health spending, serious concerns about already strained public finances and worries about lacklustre economic growth. The report also tries to capture the thinking of the business community about the impact of NCDs on their enterprises. Five key messages emerge: • First, NCDs already pose a substantial economic burden and this burden will evolve into a staggering one over the next two decades. For example, with respect to cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, cancer, diabetes and mental health, the macroeconomic simulations suggest a cumulative output loss of US$ 47 trillion over the next two decades. This loss represents 75% of global GDP in 2010 (US$ 63 trillion). It also represents enough money to eradicate two dollar-a-day poverty among the 2.5 billion people in that state for more than half a century. • Second, although high-income countries currently bear the biggest economic burden of NCDs, the developing world, especially middle-income countries, is expected to assume an ever larger share as their economies and populations grow. • Third, cardiovascular disease and mental health conditions are the dominant contributors to the global economic burden of NCDs. • Fourth, NCDs are front and centre on business leaders’ radar. The World Economic Forum’s annual Executive Opinion Survey (EOS), which feeds into its Global Competitiveness Report, shows that about half of all
Some believe that it is necessary to control migration in the UK, as they believe that too many immigrants could lead to overpopulation, unemployment and housing shortages. It is commonly believed that migration should be controlled, as migrants ‘come over to our country and take our benefits’; however this is not necessarily factually correct. This essay aims to discuss the benefits and problems of migration in the UK, and make a conclusion based on the evidence I have discussed, about whether migration should or should not be controlled by the UK Government.
The relationship between trade and health is a complex one. Reflecting on these issues leads to questions on the nature of health itself, and its governance. Ultimately it is an inquiry into whether this relationship is one-sided or reciprocal. The primary investigation is into how trade affects health, the seemingly one-sided relationship. Cornia (2001) provides a search into how globalisation or the liberalisation of international trade can affect public health. He claims that, if well managed, trade liberalisation policies can have positive outcomes on the health situation of many countries. The initial conditions of each country and the way liberal economic policies are implemented matter for the nature of the outcomes.