Introduction
Renault(based in Paris,France) and Nissan(based in Yokohama,Japan) are both automobile manufacturers founded over a century ago. During this time the marketplace for cars has become far more competitive and has become concentrated into only a handful of very large manufactures. The remaining profitable brands were being subsumed by larger entities seeking economies of scale in manufacturing. Until 1990 Nissan was large enough to remain efficient on its own but beyond this financial troubles arose, in an effort to remain competitive in the modern marketplace Nissan formed a strategic alliance with Renault in 1999.
The two companies joined together through a cross- shareholding agreement. This agreement was reached for the mutual benefit of each firm, Nissan on the verge of bankruptcy agreed to share its manufacturing lines with Renault as well as taking on a cross brand EV project. The cross company branch EVCCT was founded for this purpose Being a new frontier for both parties it was decided they would take divergent paths to their co-operative goal to maximize knowledge and expertise in each respective company. The outcome of this was the most successful pure Electric powered car in history The Nissan LEAF.
Environment
Remote Environment
Economic
The global economy was still recovering from the effect of the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, even with higher availability of credit it was still forecasted that the economy would continue to expand at a
From December 2007 to June 2009 the United States economy was confronted with its greatest challenge since the Great Depression. The financial crisis was so great that it was coined the term the Great Recession. Many factors contributed to the collapse of the U.S economy; such as, the financial crisis (2007–08), U.S. subprime mortgage crisis (2007–09), a shrinking Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate and unpresented unemployment rates. A recent (2016) article in the Wall Street Journal entitled “Post-Recession Rethink: Growth Potential Dimmed Before Downturn” examines the economic aftermath of the Great Recession.
The US economy has recovered considerably from the great financial crisis of 2008. We are currently in the seventh year of expansion, and the overall performance of the economy has been satisfactory. Most economic indicators have improved dramatically, and some of them are at the best level since then. A significant recovery in home prices, GDP, labor market, stock markets, auto sales, and consumer spending have fostered the economic growth and restored the confidence of market participants.
Although the trough beginning at the end of 2008 through 2009 proved to be a financial crisis; the nation’s economy’s solid performance during this time lead to a strong and early recovery, which contributed to the peak of the 2010 economic growth rate of 7.5% in real gross domestic product (U.S. Dept. of State, 2011).
Many economists and even the Bureau of Economic Analysis had predicted the recession. The confusion aspect of it was generally when the GDP lowers, one would assume a recession has/will begin. In May 2008, the GDP was reported to be positive for the last two quarters. The problem was inflation as not being taken in account.
The U.S. economy, as measured by real GDP growth (i.e., GDP adjusted for inflation) began to recover in mid-2009. However, the pace of growth over the next 3½ years was slow and uneven. From the second half of 2009 and through 2010 real GDP increased at an annualized rate of 2.5%. Compared
The early 2000s recession was a decline in economic activity which mainly occurred in developed countries. The decline affect the European Union throughout 2000 and 2001 and the United States during 2002 and 2003. The UK, Canada and Australia avoided the decline, while Russia, a nation that did not experience affluence throughout the 1990s, in fact began to recover from said situation Japan's 1990s recession sustained. This recession was predicted by economists, because the boom of the 1990s (accompanied by both low inflation and low employment) slowed in a few parts of East Asia throughout the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The recession in manufacturing countries wasn't as momentous as either of the two preceding worldwide recessions. Some economists in the United States object to characterize it as a recession since there were no two successive quarters of pessimistic growth. After the comparatively placid
The average growth peaked during 2003-2008, but most countries have been strongly impacted by the 2008 financial crisis, which led to prolonged period of recession. In Central and Eastern European countries, prior to downturn, large, relatively cheap capital inflows entered the economy, creating credit, consumption and real estate booms. During crisis, problems such as declining export performance, sizeable external liabilities, highly leveraged firms and quickly expanding general government debt, were further exacerbated by low growth and poor adjustment capacity. Growth rebounded on the account of increased trade with the Euro Area, inflow of European Union funds, low commodity prices and higher consumption. At the same time, low commodity prices, slowdown in China, international sanctions for Russia and political instability led to output contraction in the former Soviet Union countries (World Bank, Global Economic Prospects,
The Duster took the Indian market by storm. It fuelled the segment of compact SUVs and grabbed a 23 per cent market share within a year. The Duster's success was such that Renault had to triple production within months of its launch from seven per hour to 20 per hour.
1. Yes, joint venture benefited Renault and DINA and it is the best option for both companies. Renault is a multi-national company that get cooperation of a local non-competing company in Mexico, Diesel Nacional (DINA). These companies created an International expansion joint venture named Renault Mexicana. They originated from two different countries, France and Mexico. Renault has developed a product that it seeks to market in Mexico, and DINA has the privilege to be situated in that country. Renault formed a joint venture with DINA to enter the Mexican market.
In 2003 the global economic situation was flourishing with growth strengthening up to 3% in 2003 from
The other main strategy that Nissan implements is corporate strategy which is vertical integration including joint venture with other companies. Nissan alliances with several different companies for different purpose. The alliance of Nissan and Renault created subcommittee that exchanges knowledge includes new findings and battery technology informations. Both of Nissan and Renault contribute a lot to EVs. They share technologies, new findings and experiences that can help to develop the EVs especially LEAF model. This alliance also helped these two companies to deal with the problems of government when entering a new market. Moreover, Nissan has a joint venture backward integration with NEC to improve the battery and reduce cost. Finally, Nissan and Sumitomo Corporation have a joint venture called 4R Energy corporation to do research on second use of batteries that is not only cost saving, but also good for environment. Moreover, the corporate strategy also deal with industry value chain. Nissan provide customer services include quick charge public plug-in station, which is forward integration.
Nissan focuses on maximizing its auto manufacturing operations through flexibility and efficiencies by maintaining a
BMW Group, headquartered in Munich, Germany, is one of the most successful multi brand premium automobile manufacturers in the world. The company manufactures, distributes and sells passenger cars (including Sedans, Coupes, and Convertibles etc) and motorcycles. BMW operates three business segments namely: Automobiles, Motorcycles and Financial Services. BMW is the parent company of the Mini and Rolls-Royce car brands, and, formerly, Rover (car)/Rover. The company's slogans in English are "The Ultimate Driving Machine" and "Sheer Driving Pleasure". The company produces, and markets, a varied range of higher end
Along with other Japanese manufacturers, Nissan was successfully competing on quality, reliability and fuel efficiency. By 1991, Nissan was operating very profitably, producing four of the top ten cars in the world.Nissan management throughout the 1990s, however, had displayed a tendency to emphasize short term market share growth, rather than profitability or long-term strategic success. Nissan was very well known for its advanced engineering and technology, plant productivity, and quality management. During the previous decade, Nissan’s designs had not reflected customer opinion because they assumed that most customers preferred to buy good quality cars rather than stylish, innovative cars. Instead of reinvesting in new product designs as other competitors did, Nissan managers seemed content to continue to harvest the success of proven designs. They tended to put retained earnings into equity of other companies, often suppliers, and into real-estate investments, as part of the Japanese business custom of keiretsu investing. Through these equity stakes in other companies, Ghosn’s predecessors (and Japanese business leaders in general) believed that loyalty and cooperation were fostered between members of the value chain within their keiretsu.
For the purpose of this assignment, I will choose BMW, the luxury automobile maker that has established a mark for itself in the luxury car segment with its high performance cars. BMW is a powerful brand that is truly experienced by car lovers all over the world as a symbol of performance, power and luxury, all combined into its power packed machines that are treat to watch, drive and possess. That's why, it is truly known as the "Ultimate driving Machine".