1.1 Background
In the modern business world, quality is well-known as an essential concept which plays an important role for organisations (Ahmad and Elhuni 2014). Furthermore, the concept of quality has been widely used and adopted by many organisations in order to survive on the business battlefield. Otherwise, for those organisations which do not adopt the concept of quality in their management system will be left behind in the market race. Oakland (2003) stated that quality simply refers to the ability of products or services to meet the customer requirements. The more products or service can fulfil the customer needs, the more customer satisfaction will be earned. Oakland (2003) also found that quality framework can give many benefits for those organisations which implement it, such as helping to earn competitive advantage, increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty, also improving productivity level. Moreover, high-quality products or services are also able to trigger repeat purchasing which lead to customer loyalty (Oakland 2003). As time goes by, the concept of quality has changed rapidly. In recent days, the concept of quality does not only about how to generate high-quality products or services, but it also should be built from the outset which means it entails a mature organisation structure, high skilled employees, good structural procedures and processes, also adequate resources (Haupt and Whiteman 2004). Hence, the concept of total quality management (TQM)
Total Quality Management (TQM) is a complete and structured approach to organizational management that seeks to make better the quality of products and services through ongoing refinements in answer to continuous feedback. The importance and value of TQM was stressed by European Foundation of Quality Management to reach total customer satisfaction. TQM necessities may be defined separately for a organization or may be in adherence to established standards, such as the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 9000 series. Total Quality Management can define aims for the continuous improvement in all levels and functions of the organization. The continuous improvement suggests that quality management system should be a circle.
Yasin and Alavi (1999) conducted a quantitative study to determine if Total Quality Management (TQM) can produce quality improvement
Quality management is an act that monitor all activities that needed to maintain and sustain high quality output, continuous improvement of process and product to a desire level of excellence in order to create customer satisfaction (Flynn, Schroeder, & Sakakibara, 1994, p. 342). Nowadays, increase in globalization and international trade had led to the increase of competition in the global market. The increase of competition had forced companies to focus on the concept of quality in their business and discover that effective quality management can increase their competitive advantage in the global market (Anderson, Rungtusanatham, & Schroeder, 1994).
Total Quality Management (TQM) is the theory of continuous improvement that involves all workers in a business from upper management to production line workers. The focus of the improvement program is to improve customer service and reduce waste in the business (Kelchner, 2015). There are 8 key elements that TQM is built upon. These 8 elements
The total quality management (TQM) incorporates quality into all the activities of the organization through an ongoing process. This control makes sure that there is a continuous improvement in all the activities and there will not be any chances for defects. TQM ensures safety and helps improve customer satisfaction (Daft, 2014).
Abstract: This paper focuses on the important elements of Total Quality Management (TQM) and deals with the generic models for implementing TQM with five strategies to develop the TQM Process. Deming’s 14 Points on Quality Management, a core concept on implementing Total quality management is also discussed in this study with the benefits of TQM. A case study of SFIMAR Business School that Improved Learning, Research, and Placement Measures with TQM implementation has been examined in this paper.
Total Quality Management (TQM) has been described as a systems approach to ensuring quality in an organization. The principle is considered to go beyond mere Quality Control and Quality Assurance techniques. It is also known to cover more details than a simple Total Quality Control system.
Total Quality Management or TQM is a management strategy to embed awareness of quality in all organizational processes. The philosophy of TQM goes back to the 1940's when Dr. Deming started his quality endeavours in Japan and has steadily become more popular since the early 1980s. Then fore, The Japanese became so proficient at quality management that their success was a catalyst for Western companies to adopt the philosophy and practices.
Total quality management has two sides hard and soft. The hard is considered as old paradigm of management command and control working units referring to quality they remark to meet specifications that are in products to make adjustments among quality, cost and schedule. Measurements: its aim only to focus on the internal trials of productivity and profitability. It doesn’t matter if they are linked to customers and competitiveness. Control they care only for scoring, reporting the events and evaluating profits.
It is unpromising to comprehend the total quality management phenomenon, emerging in the twentieth century, and to acknowledge its competitive advantages and obstacles, unless the underlying philosophy of quality is examined.
In 1980, the character of quality in business strategy has taken two significant steps. Firstly, many businesses have recognized a strategy driven by quality can lead to substantial market advantages. Secondly, the lines between quality strategy and generic business strategies have become blurred to the point where TQM principles are integrated into most businesses' normal business planning. Nowadays, integration of TQM into strategic business planning is the result of a natural evolution for most businesses. Total Quality Management, is a way by which management and employees can involve in the continuous improvement of the production of goods and services. It is also a combination of quality and management tools aimed at increasing business and reducing losses due to wasteful
Total quality management also known in not realistic which is in philosophy type. It used to be a guideline to improve the basis of advance continuously in an organization. The total quality management set the strategy to achieve the vision of the organization. The second principle of total quality management, involvement of all employees. Every individuals should have their own opinions in order to improve an organization, so all the staff gather to come out with a better way to improve organization. Total quality management implement by maintain the quality of service and product to fulfill customer satisfaction, at the same time it does not break down the flexibility and inventiveness of an organization’s operation system. The total quality management take the responsibility to modify the process of organization improvement. It make sure the continuous improvement of the organization so the organization can use the smallest amount of cost to produce better quality of product so it can achieve customer’s satisfaction. The theory of total quality management make sure that the improvement of the activity and the technology is carry out continuously in order
Total Quality Management (TQM) is an improvement tool that is widely used in many companies. It consists of many aspects including Managing people as well as business processes in order to maintain customer satisfaction. With TQM, Businesses starts to do the right thing from the start and to ensure zero error. Therefore, it is important to learn the principle of TQM and how it acts in organizations with its advantages and disadvantages.
Introduction - Total quality management (TQM) has been defined as ‘continuous improvement of every production output whether it be a product or a service, by removing inefficient variations and by improving the backbone of the work process’. International managers like their domestic counterparts have found that incorporating the notion of total quality management into their management process and style can give the competitive advantage.
Total Quality Management or TQM is a management strategy to embed awareness of quality in all organizational processes. The philosophy of TQM goes back to the 1940 's when Dr. Deming started his quality endeavors in Japan. TQM is an approach for continuously improving the quality of goods and services delivered through the participation of all levels and functions of the organization. TQM aims to do things right the first time, rather fix problems after they emerge or fester. TQM is a management philosophy which seeks to integrate all organizational functions (marketing, finance, design, engineering,