Introduction
The monarch butterfly annual migration is a visually spectacular feat, in terms of the number of butterflies flying to their overwintering sites and as well as the masses that congregates at the overwintering sites in Mexico. The idea that monarch butterflies exhibited migratory behavior was once controversial, it was not until Fred Urquhart and his colleagues pioneered a tagging work with the eastern North American population for decades that revealed the long distance of the monarch migration. The tagging efforts that began in 1937 lead to the discovery of their overwintering sites in Mexico in 1975. With its long distance traveled and the nature of the predictable and the repetitive nature of its annual migration. The
…show more content…
Environmental factors such as the decrease in day length, cooler temperature and aging milkweed trigger the monarch to begin its migration, although the precise environmental trigger that initiates migration is not well understood. When spring arrives, they become reproductively active, mate and leave Mexico to re-migrate north. During the remigration northward the females lay fertilized eggs on newly emerged milkweeds in the southern parts of the United States (Reppert and others 2010). Their offspring’s will also continue the migration up northward to repopulate the northern section of the monarch habitat range. Even though the monarch migration is repetitive and cyclic in nature, their migration cycle is multigenerational. It takes about two generations of spring and summer butterflies that are following the progressive northward emergence of milkweeds to repopulate the entire range and therefore completing the migration cycle (Reppert and others 2010).
Time-Compensated Sun Compass (The Navigational process)
The Monarch butterfly uses a map and a compass like other long distance migrants. The map sense is needed to determine which direction they are to fly and to stop. The compass sense is utilized so that the migrants can orient in the southern direction throughout the course of their migration. It has been shown that the monarch may not have a true map sense, although the monarch
The monarch butterfly, as known as Danaus plexippus, is often called the milkweed butterfly because its larvae eat the milkweed plant. They are also sometimes called "royalty butterflies" because their family name comes from the daughter of Danaus, ruler of Argos. There are many other interesting facts about this butterfly including its anatomy and life cycle, where the butterfly lies on the food chain, the migration from Canada to Mexico, why the butterfly is being threatened, and lastly, what is being done to help the butterfly.
The monarch butterfly, as known as Danaus plexippus, is often called the milkweed butterfly because its larvae eat the milkweed plant. They are also sometimes called "royalty butterflies" because their family name comes from the daughter of Danaus, ruler of Argos. There are many other interesting facts about this butterfly including its anatomy and life cycle, where the butterfly lies on the food chain, the migration from Canada to Mexico, why the butterfly is being threatened, and lastly, what is being done to help the butterfly.
The monarch butterflies differ in migration than the any other species that migrate as well.The reason why the monarchs are different than other species is that they later come back to their previous winter location while other species stay.Monarch Butterflies migrate over 300,000 miles, for they can not stand the harsh cold temperatures. Every fall, they come from northern United States of America and migrate to southern United States of America, and at times they migrate all the way down to Mexico. Since monarch butterflies have” a complicated life cycle”(Migration) monarchs that have emerged in the winter do not yet reproduce until they’re in the summer or spring season.On the other hand, monarch butterflies that are emerged in the summer or springtime reproduce rapidly. In addition, it’s important for the monarchs to know when they have to migrate to the south and back to the winter.
In conclusion, In the Time of the Butterflies, is a very touching and breathtaking book that embedded the historical event into a chronological story that showed the symbolic and thematic topics that occurred in the time periods the book was set in which was from 1930’s-1990’s where Dede was telling the
“Man cannot discover new oceans unless he has the courage to lose sight of the shore.” (Andre Gide) In the novel, In the Time of the Butterflies, written by Julia Alvarez, four sisters are led through a risk infested journey in which they must overcome hindrances with hollow consequences. This historical fiction novel takes us through a rollercoaster of events, incorporating everything from the partialities towards women, to life below the oppressive administration of the Dominican Republic’s dictator, Rafael Trujillo. The events painted by the four sisters give us some insight as to the positives and negatives of life in the Dominican Republic. As the novel progresses, we see the diversity in relation to the
Monarch butterflies transform via a crystallis state, which is similar to what the project experiments were trying to do with test subjects. Testing on human beings involved indoctrination and use of ritual abuse to create triggers in subjects, these could then be revived at a later time. The result being an unconscious reaction could be triggered days, weeks, or years later. The subject would then awaken from a sleeper state, and become transformed into various personality fractures. MONARCH subjects were intended for use in black ops and secret government activities. Tests revealed different people trained better for some types of black ops, these people were divided into types based on their skillset. The types were assassins, sexual predators, and remote viewing psychics. Some test subjects were found unsuitable for MONARCH programming, since they were unable to put them into sleeper states with any characteristic methods. Much of the work done in MONARCH programming was intended on being useful by the year 2012, at the turn of the Maya calendar ending, somehow related to the galactic alignments on planet Earth during that coming time
In the Time of the Butterflies, by Julia Alvarez, takes place in the Dominican Republic during Trujillo’s control of the country. Dedé and Minerva are two extremely different Mirabal sisters, shown by how they respond to Trujillo taking over their country. Dedé and Minerva are only two of the sisters. There are four in total: Minerva, Dedé, Patria and María Teresa. The four sisters take turns throughout In the Time of the Butterflies telling their stories from the 1940s while living in the Dominican Republic. Manipulating her point of view and attitude, Julia Alvarez uses an impassioned style of writing to portray Minerva’s strong leadership and an explicit style of writing to portray Dedé’s willingness to compromise.
The monarch butterfly is a milkweed butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It’s like the king of all butterflies. They all carry a proboscis that gets nutrients from plants. Their scientific name is Danaus Plexippus. To them we are predators. Monarchs are found all over North America. New Zealand, Australia , and the Canary Islands( Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_butterfly.)
He emphasizes the “affinities we perceive between the fates of the woman and the butterflies” (302). We can appreciate the corresponding story-lines that conflate Dellarobia’s emotional and spiritual turmoil with the ecological plight of the suffering butterflies. As Dellarobia grows as a character, we can juxtapose her own movement with the butterflies. Garrard notices how the actual topic of climate change does not manifest itself until rather late in the novel (303). This, he argues, makes the audience much more understanding of Dellarobia and therefore more likely to follow along listen to what the protagonist has to say. Consequently, the reader can observe the Dellarobia’s changing perspectives on climate change; Kingsolver uses her as a mouthpiece to which each individual can come to understand the butterflies’ dire situation. Garrard lauds Kingsolver’s ability to get the readers to care about the butterflies via Dellarobia. This notion implies, however, that the audience cares more about Dellarobia’s affection with the butterflies than the butterflies themselves. In other words, we do not care about the dying butterflies because of what they mean in terms of the overarching effects of climate change, but rather because of their epiphanic and sobering effect on Dellarobia’s character. Nevertheless, Garrard asserts that this method embodies the “metanarrative of risk” (302) and is much more productive than traditional scientific
Discovering one’s identity has invariably been a struggle for mankind. From obstacles testing moral values to uncertainty regarding a role in life, the road to finding one’s character is not always successful. However, throughout life, different factors can have ranging impacts on the guidance of one’s identity and the shaping of who they are as a person. Whether it is family or a major life event that changes their outlook, the struggle to find one’s character can be addressed through numerous components. This idea is especially ubiquitous in the novel, In the Time of the Butterflies; the Mirabal sisters begin to discover themselves over the course of the story in a variety of ways. In her novel, In the Time of the Butterflies, Julia Alvarez utilizes myriad literary techniques to establish the prevalent theme of finding one’s identity through growth, faith, and freedom.
“In the Time of the Butterflies” takes place in the Dominican Republic in the 1960s. The author, Julia Alvarez is a native of the country, but moved to the US at a young age. She first heard about the sisters roughly around 1986 and instantly felt the need to share their story with the world. In the book, Alvarez tells the story of the Mirabal sisters and their fight for freedom against the Dominican dictator Trujillo. Rafael Trujillo reigned for about 30 years until his assassination in May of 1961. Trujillo’s reign of terror began in 1930 and the violence soon followed. The self centered dictator changed the names of cities and murdered roughly about 20,000 Haitians from the neighboring country. The book not only tells the sisters’
Unfortunately, Michoacán’s main avocado breeding area is also the key migration stop for western monarch butterflies. Those cool orange-and-black butterflies are being decimated out west because Mexican farmers are cutting every tree in sight to grow more avocados to feed a trend that will probably be as dead as acai berry elixir and pomegranate-love by the time their avocado trees grow. [Note: eastern monarchs migrate to
Understanding the monarch butterfly can help allude the neural circuitry involved in migratory vertebrates. In the past 15 years, butterfly migration research has progressed tremendously. The discovery of the time-compensated compass along with the combination of its circadian clock has allowed researchers to begin searching for the neural mechanism’s involved in the migrant’s flight. Even though the neurons involved in the sun compass are being better understood, the field still has a long way to go. Migrant researchers are looking next to understand the neural circuitry between the antennae and the central complex as well as the discover what role the novel function of antennal clock has in the sun compass concerning orientation. There is also the pursuit in understanding the neuronal level in regards to the proper function of the antennal genetic circadian clock and azimuth of the sun and how they are integrated to produce flight
1098/RSBL.2010.0053). After the observations and recordings were gathered, the pair set eggs of the butterfly, Heteronympha metope, in chambers where the temperature could be controlled and found the caterpillar pupates prior and the butterfly sooner in hotter than ordinary conditions. The pairs then made a numerical model joining these physiological impacts of temperature with atmosphere information. The development dates figured by the model co-ordinated the verifiable records, firmly recommended that a global warming alteration has driven the adjustments in rise timing. “The rise in air temperate links to the butterfly emergence in a cause-and -effect pattern” (Michael Kearney and Natalie Briscoe,
This passage helps to characterize Ovid Byron as a scientist. For example, when he says “since God set them loose here, as you say,” he develops a scientific stance on the subject by pointing out that they believe God put these insects here and that he stands apart from their beliefs and believes that the butterflies were a cause of evolution. Ovid’s scientific status helps the reader throughout the rest of the novel to better understand the monarchs. Until this point Dellarobia didn’t know that the monarchs were in danger. The reader can infer from this passage, based on information gathered previously in the novel, that the monarchs had to adapt to living on the Turnbows farm because of the floods in Mexico. The butterflies help develop a central theme of adapting to survive, however as the reader progresses in the novel they learn that the monarchs are actually dying regardless of their attempt to adjust to the change. The butterflies reflect on Dellarobias character, causing the reader to notice the similarities between the butterflies and her.