4. RESEARCH DESIGN
This project adopts a qualitative interpretive methodology. In particular, the project follows the Pershkins model for qualitative research (Yin. K, p136, 2015). Using the Pershkins model, the projects analyses qualitative data from South Parks 19th season. This is done using various different research techniques such as visual methods, close readings, textual analysis and composition analysis. The project follows an ethnographic approach to research, following Spradley’s approach to ethnography. The project shows a body of knowledge, including, theory, research and recounts (Liamputtong. P, 148, 2009). The main sample set is South Parks 19th season. The data is analysed by using both visual methods and textual methods.
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Analysis of South Parks 19th season will be conducted to see how the show adapted to political correctness. This is done by using a combination of content analysis, discourse analysis and close readings. Gibbs (2012) theory of thematic categorizing & analysis of narrative is used to analyse the episodes of South Park. Gibbs theory on metaphors in particular will be used (Gibbs, p.4, 2012). Semiotics are closely analysed, as the symbolic signs are the crux of the data. Chandler’s (2017) guide to semiotic analyse is implemented throughout the analysis.
5. FINDINGS
South Park’s 19th season parodies all facets of PC culture. South Park critiques the function of PC culture, how it’s used by our society and how it affects different demographics. In episode 1 ‘Stunning and Brave’ South Park critique political correctness with the constant gag of Caitlyn Jenner running over someone in her car, with the constant gag of Caitlyn Jenner being a brave and beautiful person. During her transition to female it was seen a politically incorrect to suggest that what she was doing was not brave and extraordinary. Never mind the fact that she was transitioning during a time when she was accused of killing
The author uses tone and images throughout to compare and contrast the concepts of “black wealth” and a “hard life”. The author combines the use of images with blunt word combinations to make her point; for example, “you always remember things like living in Woodlawn with no inside toilet”. This image evokes the warmth of remembering a special community with the negative, have to use outdoor facilities. Another example of this combination of tone and imagery is “how good the water felt when you got your bath from one of those big tubs that folk in Chicago barbecue in”. Again the author’s positive memory is of feeling fresh after her bath combined with a negative, the fact that it was a barbecue drum.
In today’s society, a minstrel show would unquestionably be pointed out as a racist act. However, if stereotypes were used in comedic TV shows it becomes more uncertain as to whether or not it is appropriate. With the popular use of satire in the current pop culture, the line between racism and harmless satire is harder to define. Shows like Family Guy play on a lot of racial stereotypes but do not always receive attention on those jokes. The show is often written off as just a raunchy animated show, so people expect the outrageous humor and take the jokes less seriously. Racist jokes has been muddled with satire by putting it in a comical context and in a different medium such as animation. There needs to be a more defined line between
South Park being satirical, it shows some things that are ridiculous in today’s society. In South Park’s last season finale, it is focusing satire on political correctness. Just like microaggressions, political correctness is basically not using tiny offensive words and to think before you speak. A new principal is taking over South Park, Colorado, his name ironically being “P.C. Principal”. P.C.
The television shows from 1950 to the present are connected in many ways. The characters showed in the 1950s television show called Leave It To Beaver all have white coloured skin and portrayed as a happy, perfect family. As the decades increased, the nuclear families turned into blended families, and the television shows started to have coloured characters. The families started to have problems and social situations. The viewer sees the conflicts inside the family begin as the years progress. For example, in the 2000's we examined a television show called Arrested Development. The show portrays the characters as if they are troubled and have problems. The children do not listen to their parents but instead have
As something people tend to hold the most dearly, culture can be a sensitive topic to discuss and engage in. Often, it is made even more difficult due to issues of the past and the way different cultures influence one another. Moreover, the concepts of cultural assimilation and mainstreaming have brought light on problems regarding the treatment of minority cultures within American culture, specifically with the use of stereotyped imagery and hijacking outside cultural ideas. The issues of cultural stereotyping and assimilation, as seen in South Park, have garnered attention due to the nature of offence and its subjective nature.
People often think that comedians have a straight forward job: they practically just have to joke about a topic and make people laugh. But not many realize the brutality comedians have to face when they are “forced” to change their acts according to the setting and diverse range of their audience. In the article “That’s Not Funny”, the author Caitlin Flanagan, explains on how comedians face an uphill talk when they perform in colleges and how they have to change their scripts to make sure they don’t offend students on the basis of gender, religion etc. Colleges are paying comedians big money and that’s the main reason comedians still perform even when they can’t express themselves freely through comedy. In this essay, I will explore how Caitlin argues about the unjust conditions interested comedians face who want to perform in college campuses. Caitlin builds the credibility of her work by stating strong and valid points, different types of arguments and rhetoric situations.
When racism is used in comedy, it tends to normalize racial stereotypes and then these stereotypes become common sense. This film in particular helps “classify our world in terms of the categories of race” (Hall). As viewers, either white or black, we can’t help but receive the film as offensive. White chicks has managed to offend most of the demographic of their audience. Depicting white people as pretentious and rich and black people in a derogatory manner is offensive, no matter how you spin it. But as a film in the comedy genre, the viewers know that the media text was meant as a joke. So people could find the stereotype jokes were funny, because there is truth to them (which is indicative of a problem of normalized racial
Since its start, the television industry has been criticized for perpetuating myths and stereotypes about African-Americans through characterizations, story lines, and plots. The situation comedy has been the area that has seemed to draw the most criticism, analysis, and disapproval for stereotyping. From Sanford and Son and The Jefferson’s in the 1970s to The Cosby Show (1984) and The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air in the 1990s, sitcoms featuring black casts and characters have always been controversial. However, their significance upon our American culture cannot be disregarded. During the 1950s and 1960s, 97% of the families were Caucasian. In the first five years of the
South Park has been around for a while now. Since it was aired for the first time on 13th August 1997, the show has constantly pushed the boundaries taking on everything, leaving out nothing. The reception among the wider population and the media had a wide range from “shocking” to “excellent”. One of the aspects of this success story is that, because of its provocative tone the show has managed to stay in the limelight. Public debate was evolving around certain episodes, bringing more and more attention to the show. As it was constantly picking up contemporary themes, topics or events, expectations were growing and “ 'How will South Park deal with x ' has become a common catch phrase” (Johnson-Woods 257). Another
Ever since 1997, South Park has revolutionized the cable TV scene as a profane and obscene program that isn’t afraid to mock religious, political, and cultural topics and not get away with at least offending somebody. Throughout its twelve seasons, some of the most prominent events in pop culture have suffered the wrath of ridicule from the show’s creators, Matt Stone and Trey Parker, and succeeded in making millions of Americans laugh until they cry. The creative genius behind these cultural and controversial statements has exalted the series to iconic status in our entertainment industry for its satirical voice in each episode. Throughout its ten years on air, South Park has broken multiple political,
South Park, the animated TV series aired on Comedy Central was created by Matt Stone and Trey Parker and is one of the many new shows that involve animation with high-level adult comedy that parodies current events going on across the United States and throughout the world. South Park is just one of many new shows that involve this sort of high end entertainment and they are taking the television ratings by storm. This show, along with others of its nature such as Family Guy, The Simpsons, and King of the Hill are all extremely controversial in nature and in regards to the situations portrayed on the television screen. These shows have gotten consistently more obnoxious, racial, and detrimental
At this point in time, one of the most prominent places of aforementioned “political correctness” is on college campuses. To achieve the ideal of being all-inclusive, college students are walking on egg shells to make sure they do not insult someone based on their race, gender, or mind-set. One example of this going slightly too far would be an occurrence at the University of St. Thomas, Minnesota. In 2014, there had been a planned Hump Day celebration which would allow students to pet a camel. However, a Facebook group soon popped up that was protesting the camel for various reasons, one being that it showed insensitivity to
As a predecessor of NBC’s The Office, Parks and Recreation (or P&R for short,) had big shoes to fill. Both shows were created by Greg Daniels and Mike Schur, and at first, P&R did not impress many, as its ratings were low. The first season seemed not to have a place, like a show trying to be something it was not, until it found its footing. Feminism was the missing piece of the puzzle. The show went on to become a success- arguably more so than The Office. So what separates the two? P&R eventually gave us something The Office never did: real world issues, served up with clever wit. The fictional worlds most television shows take place in, are almost entirely post-feminist. Unlike these sexism-free utopias, P&R normalizes feminism, reminding us that it exists and is important; it is the stepping stone we need to further conversations about inequality. While the text of P&R is consistently the most obviously empowering aspect of the show, production practices and audience consumption are also rich with evidence of this series’ feminist potential.
The Gordon Model is particularly useful since it includes the ability to price in the growth rate of dividends over the long term. It is important to remember that the price result of the Constant Dividend Growth Model assumes that the growth rate of the dividends over time will remain constant. This is a difficult assumption to accept in real life conditions, but knowing that the result is dependent on the growth rate allows us to conduct sensitivity analysis to test the potential error should the growth rate be different than anticipated.
Content analysis is a method of analyzing written, verbal, or visual communication messages. Researchers first used it as a method for analyzing hymns, newspaper, magazine articles, advertisements, and political speeches in the 19th century (Harwood & Garry, 2003). During the last few decades, its use has shown steady growth (Neundorf 2002), and content analysis now enjoys a long history of use in communication, journalism, sociology, psychology, and business. Content analysis as a research method provides a systematic and objective means of describing and quantifying phenomena (Krippendorff 1980). Many researchers also recognize it as a method of analyzing documents. Content analysis will allow me to develop theoretical suggestions to enhance understanding of the humor in the Jackass films. Through content analysis, it is possible to distill words into fewer content related categories and then to assume that when classified into the same categories, words, phrases, and the like share similar meanings. Content analysis is a research method for making replicable and valid inferences from data to their context, with the purpose of providing knowledge, new insights, a representation of facts, and a practical guide to action (Krippendorff 1980). My aim will be to produce a condensed yet broad description of the humor phenomenon, including concepts or categories describing the humor phenomenon. Usually the purpose of those concepts or categories is to build up a model,