The Poetry Of Keith Douglas

James Fenton and Carol Ann Duffy are both contemporary poets. Their poems ‘In Paris with You’ and ‘Quickdraw’ both include the themes of the pain of love. This essay compares how the two poets present the pain of love in their poems, exploring things such as imagery, vocabulary and form and structure.

In this free-verse war poem, the idea of 'journey' extends itself to cover both the physical and emotional aspects of the subject matter of the poem. Repetition and word

The idea of loss is explored diversely in the poems ‘Conscript’ by FA Horn and ‘The Photograph’ by Peter Kocan. Where ‘Conscript’ conveys the loss of a soldier on the battlefields of World War II and his physical demise, ‘The Photograph’ conveys the loss of a World War I Australian soldier and the grief his family endures with the passing of time. Although the two poems are set in different wars, the poets similarly reinforce the devastation, as well as the emotional and physical impact associated with war.

David Baker was born in Bangor, Maine in 1954. Throughout his career, he has won multiple awards and fellowships. He was the editor of the Kenyon Review and has been a visiting professor at multiple colleges. Baker is a faculty member in the M.F.A (master of fine arts) program for writers at Warren Wilson College in Swannanoa, North Carolina. After reading the poem, one might wonder whether or not the poet has experienced such a heart-rending experience himself.

During times of war, it is inevitable for loss to be experienced by all. In the poems “The Black Rat” and “The Photograph” written by Iris Clayton and Peter Kocan respectively, the idea of loss is explored through an omniscient narrator recalling a soldier’s involvement in warfare. While Clayton writes of a soldier’s abrupt loss of hope and how this experience negatively affects his life, Kocan explores how the loss of a loved one affects a family sixty years later. While both poems incorporate similar techniques in imagery and narration, the time setting for each poem is different as “The Black Rat” is set in Tobruk, Libya during World War 2 and “The Photograph” is set during World War 1.

Death defines life; it has the ability to reinvent the living for better or worse. “The Things They Carried”, by Tim O’Brien, provides a non-linear, semi-fictitious account of the Vietnam War that poignantly depicts the complicated relationship between life and death. His account breathes subtle vitality and realism into the lingering presence of the dead, intimating that the memories they impart have as profound an impact as the living.

In 1965, Norman Morrison committed self-immolation in front of the Pentagon in order to protest the United States’s involvement in the Vietnam War. Since Morrison’s historic act, many poems have been written to try and understand the emotional reasoning behind his decisions, and both Adrian Mitchell’s and David Ferguson’s poems of the same title, “Norman Morrison,” fall into this category. In his poem, Mitchell describes Morrison’s actions using factual statements to show directly describe Morrison’s self-immolation. In contrast, Ferguson uses ambiguous details about Morrison to show the complexity behind his actions. The differences between Mitchell’s and Ferguson’s use of detail demonstrate the emotional impact of Morrison’s actions, but

Imagine being suddenly drafted to war, not prepared for the death and horror. Young, confused, scared, naïve. During the Vietnam War, many young men were forced to face a war that changed them, and not necessarily for the better. Many of the men who went to war experienced terrors that changed them in a way that affected their lives after, as shown by countless war stories and poems. Norman Bowker, from Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried (1990), is a perfect example of the hard-bitten war veteran archetype. Fighting in the Vietnam War and feeling as if he had a part in his friend’s death (Kiowa) caused him so much guilt and pain that he ended up hanging himself after endlessly driving around a lake when returning home. Similarly, Yusef Komunyakaa’s poem, “The Dead at Quang Tri”, emphasizes the ghosts that haunt soldiers during and after war. Overall, the haunting memories that characters deal with in war stories, like O’Brien and Komunyakaa’s, display the long lasting effects of death and war on the minds of soldiers.

There exist only two types of people in a time of war and crisis, those who survive and those who die. Elie Wiesel’s novel, Night shows how Elie, himself, faces difficult problems and struggles to survive World War II. Wilfred Owen’s poem, “Dulce et Decorum Est”, tells a story about a young soldier thinking of himself before others during World War I. The poem “Mary Hamilton” shows how a mother killed her child so she would not get into trouble. Sir John Harrington writes about a sad truth in the poem “On Treason”; the poem reflects humanity’s selfish tendencies during tough times. When people face difficult times they often care about only one person, themselves; the need to survive clouds people’s moral and judgment.

Memory is presented as either a way of life or a community of change, as demonstrated in ‘Aspens’, ‘Old Man’, ‘Aldestrop’. He does this through the variety of techniques such as change in form, use of imagery and alternations in the tone of each poem to explore memory. As well as this, Thomas explicates the devastation of emptiness due to the consequence of war, which is portrayed through the use of soft consonantal sounds or the use

Poets frequently utilize vivid images to further depict the overall meaning of their works. The imagery in “& the War Was in Its Infancy Then,” by Maurice Emerson Decaul, conveys mental images in the reader’s mind that shows the physical damage of war with the addition of the emotional effect it has on a person. The reader can conclude the speaker is a soldier because the poem is written from a soldier’s point of view, someone who had to have been a first hand witness. The poem is about a man who is emotionally damaged due to war and has had to learn to cope with his surroundings. By use of imagery the reader gets a deeper sense of how the man felt during the war. Through the use of imagery, tone, and deeper meaning, Decaul shows us the

War is not heroic. War is sickness, struggle, and death. This is the message that poet and World War I soldier Wilfred Owen wanted to instill in his people back home. Those back home talked of glory and national pride and rooted for their soldiers, however, they were unaware of the horrors these soldiers witnessed and experienced. The soldiers and their people back home were not only separated by distance but by mental barriers, which Owen showcases in his poetry. Owen’s use of personification in “Anthem for Doomed Youth” degrades the soldiers to objects to show how the war dehumanized them to intentionally create a disconnect between the audience and the soldiers.

Duffy uses the image, of the “boys”, “kissing photographs from home” along with the repeated lists of either family members, common names, or aspirations in order to create an emotive link between the speaker and reader. Likewise, Owen’s poem examines the affect war has on young men such as himself. Using Hyperbole’s like “all of my dreams” to make the reader compassionate towards the speaker. Owen’s next lines appeal to the reader to reflect on their own experiences by direct address, alliteration, imagery, asking the reader to personally stop telling the lie that are is honorable and noble. Contrastingly, Duffy strongly utilizes repetition to summarize the main theme in her poem. The final two lines are the same as two earlier lines making the reader dwell on why she has made this recurrence. In Duffy’s poem with focuses heavily on the rewinding of time and the changing of history, she repeats this phrase to illustrate the fact that nothing has changed. Both poems are rejections of war propaganda and reflections on how even after the tragedy and sorrow in both poems war are still fought daily and nothing has changed in the

The dark grim reality of war is powerfully addressed throughout Owen’s ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ and Duffy’s ‘War Photographer’. Each poet approaches the subject of suffering, pain and isolation in a different yet unique persona. ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ gives a glimpse into World War I soldiers struggling for survival and the hardship they endured. On the other hand, ‘War Photographer’ reveals the difficulties a war photographer faces in an internal battle between helping metaphorically and physically lost victims, and fulfilling what his job entails.

Poems using strong poetic technique and devices are able to create a wide range of emotions from the readers. Wilfred Owen’s poetry effectively uses these poetic techniques and devices to not only create unsettling images about war but to provide his opinion about war itself with the use of themes within his poem. The use of these themes explored Owen’s ideas on the futility of war and can be seen in the poems: Anthem for Doomed Youth, Futility and The Next War. The poems provide unsettling images and belief of war through the treatment of death, barbaric nature of war and the futility of war.