The Power of the Family in White Noise
Don Dellilo's protagonist in his novel "White Noise," Jack Gladney, has a "nuclear family" that is, ostensibly, a prime example of the disjointed nature way of the "family" of the 80's and 90's -- what with Jack's multiple past marriages and the fact that his children aren't all related. It's basically the antipodal image of the 1950's "nuclear family." Despite this surface-level disjointedness, it is his family and the "extrasensory rapport" that he shares with them allows Jack to survive in his world. Murray, Jack's friend, argues that "The family is strongest where objective reality is most likely to be misinterpreted" (82). Heinrich, Jack's son, explicates this notion in his constant
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So in recounting "the smell of panties" etc., and viewing such encounters with either "irony, sympathy and fond amusement," Jack is able not only to affirm the present and escape the past, but accomplishes something much larger: namely the ability to affirm the "realness" of such feelings. Thus the family, in this instance Babette, serves as the medium through which Jack is able to overcome Heinrich's skepticism (which is representative of modern "science" (24)) as to the "reality" of human emotions. DeLillo's image, moreover, of Jack and Babette "rescuing" themselves "from the past" also suggests that without family or someone to commune with, man can become lost in the past.
DeLillo's novel is almost obsessively concerned with appliances: TVs, radios, microwaves etc. They are omnipresent, not only in the characters worlds but within the narrative itself. DeLillo repeatedly interrupts his narrative with sentences like "The TV said: And other trends that could dramatically impact our portfolio" (61) or "MasterCard, Visa, American Express" (100) or "That chirping sound was just the radiator" (94). Just as Jack's world is one suffused with such objects, so too is the narrative, a technique which DeLillo uses to force the reader into Jack Gladney's world. Objects play a dualistic role in Jack's familial life. Jack tells us that
Jack is 18 years old. He graduates from high school, and gets a job in the movie theatre as a ticket seller and a projectionist. He has a girlfriend named Katy, and they are going to get married in November. When he meets Katy’s parents for the first time, it was at her sister's wedding, he walked in wearing a coat and tie. Jack’s friend LeFranc plays trumpet, and he does not know what to say to a girl. But Jack is getting tired of his friends, but does not complain. He is not very enthusiastic about his job, and feels he is trapped inside. He perhaps feels like he is in a jail, because it is mentioned in the text, that while selling the tickets he looks out in the day light through the metal bars, and the metal bars perhaps symbolizes that he feels trapped inside. In the end he decides to leave in middle of his work, and drive with Katy to Fountain Lake which he wanted in a long time. He changes to a happy and free person, and finally says, that he loves her.
As he begins to understand the people in his life and their actions, Jack learns that one can rarely make sense of an event until that event has become a part of the past, to be
Family systems theory is useful when working with families who are impacted by an ASD diagnosis. The family systems theory focuses on the shift of an individual perspective to a family systems perspective. Family is the most important support system for a child. Family is looked at as a unit, therefore by using the family systems theory the professionals are able to identify the family’s influences on the individual. The family system impacts a child’s development as family members affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of one another (Paylo, 2011).
The idea of family is a central theme in Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun. Hansberry alludes to the Old Testament book of Ruth in her play to magnify “the value of having a home and family”(Ardolino 181). The Younger family faces hardships that in the moment seem to tear them apart from one another, but through everything, they stick together. The importance of family is amplified by the choices of Walter and Beneatha because they appear to initiate fatal cracks in the Younger family’s foundation, but Mama is the cement who encourages her family to pull together as one unit. The hardships of the family help develop a sense of unity for the Younger household.
The American Dream is prominent within the novel from the varying perceptions of the characters. The Clutter family was perceived to be living the American Dream along with their community. They had the luxury to live a comfortable lifestyle without reliance on anyone but themselves. Capote impeccably captures the contrasting stories of the idyllic family and the flawed murderers and suggests that the American Dream is delicate and requires the corporation of others, but despite the best efforts by some, it is unobtainable. “Always certain of what he wanted from the world, Mr. Clutter had in large measure obtained it,” (Capote 6). Mr. Clutter, a determined man who had worked for the life he envisioned, would have lived a prosperous life on his
She is the typical loving mother and spouse. She takes care of the family, and even reads to the blind, and teaches a course on posture to the elderly. Jack loves Babette unconditionally and opens his heart and soul to her. ”Babette and I tell each other everything...But when I say I believe in complete disclosure, I don't mean it cheaply, as anecdotal sport or shallow revelation. It is a form of self-renewal and a gesture of custodial trust” (6.29). In her evident honesty and integrity, Babette contrasts with Jack’s previous wives, who were closed off and secretive. He describes them as being a part of the intelligence community. Jack takes great consolation from Babette and the openness that characterizes their marriage. However, after the Airborne Toxic Event, things began to change. Jack found a small plastic amber bottle with the word “Dylar” written on it, hidden under the radiator cover in his bathroom. The bottle belongs to Babette, and he confronts her after sending a pill to be analyzed in a lab. Babette denies any knowledge of putting the bottle there and quickly changes the subject by having sex with Jack. After learning about Dylar from the analysis, Jack confronts Babette again about the drug. He says “It’s time for a major dialogue. You know it , I know it. You’ll tell me all about Dylar” (26.181). She reveals everything she knows about the drug. She tells Jack that the research firm thought it was too dangerous to test on
In "Are Families Dangerous?" Barbara Ehrenreich discusses how "media fixations" are recently allowing us to see the true grime that is our ideal family system. Ehrenreich's main contention is that families "can be a nest of pathology and a cradle of gruesome violence." She states that somewhere inside us, whether or not we want to believe; we know that this is going on around us, and media representations are outing the evils of family life. Implying that families might not be the shiny, happy role-players that we all would like to think of, she speaks of the unthinkable, gruesome crimes to the weak, and infirm, of these so-called families. She elaborates with the supposed fact that ."..families get...more dangerous...and
Everyone wants a perfect family, but nothing is ever perfect. The family in “Why I Live at the P.O.” is most definitely less than perfect. When Stella-Rondo returns to her old home after leaving her husband and bringing her small child who she claims is adopted, much conflict in the family increases. Stella-Rondo turns every family member living in the household against Sister, her older sister, and every family member betrays Sister by believing the lies Stella-Rondo tells about Sister to them. Through much turmoil and distress, Sister becomes so overwhelmed with the unending conflict that she feels she must leave her home and live at the post office. In “Why I Live at the P.O.,” Eudora Welty strongly implies that the function of the
“The Psychodynamics of the Family”, taken from The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender, published in 1978, remains one of Nancy Chodorow most influential works.
In The Way We Never Were, Stephanie Coontz suggests that society romanticizes past generations of family life and points out that these memories are merely myths that prevent us from “dealing more effectively with the problems facing today’s families” (Coontz x). Coontz proposes that researchers can take empirical data and create misleading causality for that data, thus feeding cultural myth and/or experience. Coontz believes that “an overemphasis on personal responsibility for strengthening family values encourages a way of thinking that leads to moralizing rather than mobilizing for concrete reforms” (Coontz 22). She calls on us to direct our attention to social reforms, which can be accomplished by avoiding victim-blaming
Murray Bowen's family system theory was one of the first comprehensive theories of family system functioning. It was developed in 1974 and it believed the family can be defined as a set of interacting individuals who are related by blood, marriage, cohabitation, or adoption and who interdependently perform relevant functions through roles. Relevant functions of the family include values and practices placed on health system theory is used to explain patterns of living among the individuals who make up the family systems (Edelmen, 2006).
According to Mark Conroy, author of “From Tombstone to Tabloid: Authority Figured in White Noise,” this illustrates “what one could call DeLillo’s Law of Consumption: that people expend money in direct proportion to their fear of death or dishonor” (102). Again, Jack would hide the idea of death through shopping by purchasing items that gave him a fresh, new look; a look that death would not give because death is old and bland.
Michael Halloran (2004) proposes that culture as a diverse and complex system of shared and interrelated knowledge, practices and signifiers of a society, provides structure and significance to groups within that society which subsequently impact the individual’s experience of their personal, social, physical and metaphysical worlds (p.5). Halloran (2004) theorizes that cultural maintenance is key to increasing the health and well-being of Aboriginal Australians whereby he suggests that culture provides collectively validated ways to think of and value oneself, further arguing that culture helps to suppress fundamental human existential anxieties about social isolation produced by our mortality awareness. Emile Durkheim (Marks, 1974) identifies anomie as being without law or norms, similarly, D.J Spencer (2000)
In a suburban town, Jack is the chairman in the department of Hitler studies and death is a perpetual thought of his (DeLillo). For example, Jack wakes up at 3:51am in a "death sweat", thinking about death (DeLillo, 47). Furthermore, while looking through family albums, Jack wonders "who will die first" (DeLillo, 30). The fear of death wakes Jack up at night, clouding happiness in a dark mist. As the chairman of Hitler studies, Jack uses Hitler’s image and reputation to create a veil over him in order to feel in control. Jack states that he feels “comfortable with" and "on top of" death after explaining a part of Hitler’s life to a crowd (DeLillo, 74). Moreover, Jack agrees with his friend Murray that “Hitler is larger than death” (DeLillo, 274). This suggests that because Hitler brought forth great death and is still known in modern day, that Jack believes his knowledge of Hitler protects
I have so much to be thankful for. Growing up in a middle class family with two loving parents and annoying, yet compassionate siblings, my family makes life worth living. These people, the rest of my immediate family, and best friends have all played such an significant role in shaping me into the man I am today. I could say so much about all of them and impart all the praise they deserve. However, I’d like to shift the spotlight to a person who lacks credit for his inspiring, resolute affect on my life. One person that has played an unexpected and unknown major role in my life is Joe Patrick. Prior to high school, Patrick and I only joked around during school and shared meaningless conversations regarding senseless topics. Entering into high school, we developed a special bond based around studies and life goals. American singer Donny Osmond perfectly describes the type of relationship I share with Patrick in expressing, “Always surround yourself with people who are better than you.” Patrick persists to find ways to keep me on the right path and push me to my limits. Through his hard work and achievements, he has established a standard for me that has drawn us to competition. Patrick’s lifestyle of constant perfection erected a friendship between us that’s bolstered me to get where I am today.