The Questionnaire And The Questionnaires And Review Of Documentary Sources

The relationships between police and racial minorities present some of the more difficult problems in policing throughout the world. Such relationships can be pleasant, but they often are challenging. For example, minorities may be deprived of police safety and other services to which they are permitted to. More specifically, police may refrain from addressing criminal behavior like domestic violence within a particular minority group because they believe that members of that group typically take part in such behavior.

Recently, it has been brought up that there is still institutional racism within the Police force, this, as well as many other reasons such as negative stereotyping, informal bias and assumptions from ethnic minority groups themselves are reasons why people from minority groups are less inclined to join. The Police have introduced a number of ways to try and create a more diverse workforce. Some of these methods include, improving the data collected on the age,

There are numerous concerns based on the quantity and content of stop and searches which are often influenced by institutionalised racism (Home Office, 1997). Studies suggested that the police maintain a belief that black people are prone to be involved in violent crimes (Reiner, 1989). Therefore leading to black individuals routinely falling victim to police stereotypes and overgeneralisations (Bowling and Phillips, 2007). Police interviews have suggested that police perceive certain ethnicities to be involved with certain crimes, one interview suggested that if police are alerted of a robbery, 90% of the time they will assume it is involving a black individual (Quinton et al, 2000). Despite that there is evidence suggesting that racial disadvantages will cause an increase in young blacks to be involved with crime, suggesting that these suspicions are justified (Waddington et al, 2007). Furthermore, there is little research suggesting that police enforce their prejudices when working on the streets, thus suggesting that racial views are a result of police canteen sub-culture (Waddington, 1999).

The above study, proves that police officers show different characteristics, then they would to someone who was Caucasian. As mentioned formerly, it is almost as it is in the police officials ‘nature’; just like women may hold their purse a bit tighter when passing a man of colour on the street. It is set into our culture to be cautious of some individuals of a minority group, just like it is part of the police culture to use “extensive force”. Much like how it is part of the African American’s culture to be more cautious around police officers. Following the same point, African Americans may not feel safe in the hands of police officers, which may cause the distaste. “The internalization of negative Black stereotypes may be outside of his or her conscious awareness, the individual seeks to as simulate and be accepted by Whites, and actively or passively distances him/herself from other blacks.” (James, 2001, p.18) This statement shows evidence that it is hard-wired into minority groups inner brain to be cautious around people who are of high authority; especially if they are Caucasian. Based off of the on-going discrimination that is being brought upon them.

Different races, sexual orientations, and genders are all encompassed by a single word, diversity. Diversity is defined as a variety or range of different things. Organizations, employers, and companies are looking to include minorities and multiculturalism into the work place in order to become more diverse. In the past decades the police services have made significant efforts to achieve a status as an employer of choice and increase the recruitment of minorities. Police services in Canada and around the world are starting to respond to the realities of diversity in the societies which they live. By using laws, policies and mandates employers are starting to get an accurate depiction of their community representations. Under and over-policing methods by police against minorities is one of the few issues minorities face due to lack of diversity in the police service.

"Relations between the police and minority groups are a continuing problem in many multiracial societies. Surveys consistently document racial differences in perceptions of the police, with minorities more likely than whites to harbor negative views." (Weitzer and Tuch, Race and Perceptions of Police Misconduct, 2004)

A police officer is a law enforcement official whose job is to protect and serve the people, not to abuse their power. Due to the fact that the U.S is consisted of many different races and ethnic groups, the ongoing conflict between police officers and citizens of color is at a constant rise. Although policies today no longer directly target those of colors, the policies applied by law enforcements in African-Americans communities are discriminating. Officers sometimes abuse the policies resulting in citizens viewing it as discrimination. By changing the way laws and regulations that unfairly impact Black and Brown communities can improve the justice system (Policy 5).Racial impact has changed the view of the government resulting in more inclusion of people of color in the system. Policies that are not racially excluding anyone of color should be used within police departments to evaluate the impact of different policing.

In order to bridge the gap between police officers and the community, trust needs to be established. The community needs to feel secure that the officers are there to serve and protect them from harm. Ozkan, Worrall, and Piqueri (2016) article called " Does Minority Representation in Police Agencies Reduce Assaults on the Police?" analyzed the hypothesis that minority representation in the police departments is inversely associated with assaults against the police (p. 402). For this study, data was collected from several official databases such as 2007-2009 Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA), 2000 Census, 2007 Uniform Crime Reports Offenses Known as Clearances by Arrest (UCR), and the 2007 Law Enforcement Management and Administrative

Police officers in the United States are placed with an enormous authority leadership role, and are let go without investigating their actions when they commit crimes, that enable them to abuse the power of authority. Therefore, a lot of innocent minorities suffer and become unemployed due to police officers ruining their records. Most police officers are too proud to have the power of authority, which forms them to have a bad way that enables them to abuse

Enforcement personnel should use the deadly force stage only when an officer’s life or another person’s life is in danger. They are supposed to be the ones where people go for help not the one people run from. By having the deadly force stage, the law allows someone to commit a murder, and justifies its use. According to king Shaun “the problem with racial profiling against minorities is that it makes a suspicion between racial minority communities and the police.” Many law enforcement officials appear to have a tough exterior towards crime but are very sensitive to crime on the inside. The strength and frequency of these complaints reveal a serious problem. Police officers build up negative feelings towards certain races, sexes, or religions. The police being unfair with how they treat a certain race and how they treat the other is the total opposed the other. Officers tend to think that if one or a few people treat them with disrespect, then other people of that same sex, race, or religion will treat the officer in the same way. The police departments must revise and reevaluate its training exercises to provide a resolution to extreme force. Another cause of police brutality and misconduct is the amount of stress that is put upon the law enforcement official. New training methods must be provided on circumstances that usually lead to brutality. Those of the minority

African Americans are highly diverse group and a part of this diversity is police profiling, equal rights and discrimination. Individual versus society, blacks, for example are more likely than whites to report having negative interactions with police, to be exposed to media reports of police misconduct, and to live in high-crime neighborhoods where policing may be contentious—each of which increases perceptions of police misconduct. Relations between the police and minority groups are a continuing problem in the United States and other multiracial societies.

It has been consistently shown in research that minorities are more likely to be mistreated by the police compared to other people (Dunnaville, 2000). Recent incidents have seen the police use excessive force on people and mistreat minorities. As such, the legitimacy of the police has been put under scrutiny and questioned. Many communities in the United States have demonstrated in reaction to recent incidents of police misconduct and excessive use of force. The people have lost trust in the police because of these issues. The police force has been accused of mistreating people, sexual harassment, violent and careless arrests among people particularly the minorities. As demonstrated in the movie ‘Policing the Police’ police officers are seen mistreating people for instance the scene where the police sexually harassed a teenager by touching sensitive areas. Community members are not willing to trust or work with the police to fight crime. As such, it is critical for the police agencies and department to make improving police-community relationship a top police priority. Policies should be developed that will strengthen the mutual trust between the police and the community. This relationship is critical because the police depend on information from the community to fight crime in the society.

If you watch the nightly news you are bound to see a report of a clash between the police and a suspect or suspects. This often involves a high speed chase or the police taking a suspect down. These events are increasingly captured on video, especially with the advances in smart phones and portable video devices. Very often what you see is a white police officer or officers in some sort of violent struggle with an African-American or Hispanic male. Immediately, calls of excessive force or race enter the discussion. This is a serious issue in this country that only seems to be growing. Surely, the media

The methodology of the research is qualitative hence secondary resources such books, reference materials, on line articles on BI, IT journals on PDF served as the basis of discussion. Five people were also interviewed to solicit their personal views

Considering the above facts, the present study adopts the Descriptive Simple Survey Design. A simple survey was initially conducted to collect basic demographic information as well as to understand certain specific socio-cultural indicators.