Hypothesis:
Providing the rat with food deprivation will lead to body weight reduction and diminish anxiety-related behaviors, such as the increased incentive to feed in open, aversive environments.
Experiment/Method:
1. A total of 51 males and female Wistar rats are gathered into group-housed Macrolon cages, where they were under standard conditions such as, 12-hour light and dark time schedules, room temperature environment, and given tap water every other day.
2. After every rat’s individual body weight was measured, the animals were randomly distributed to five independent experimental groups; each consisting of intervals of 16-hour, 24-hour, 48-hour of food deprivation, 4 days of fixed-time feeding, or ad libitum (self-regulated) feeding.
a. The rats were transferred into single-housing cages to establish a habituation setting.
b. Sixteen hours before the behavior experiment started, the rats in the fixed-time feeding group received food for 4-hours between 8:00-12 AM for four consecutive days.
c. The food deprived group’s period was staggered to ensure that each individual group hadn’t had any food for the same time at the start of the behavior testing.
3. The first analysis of behavior testing was the Modified Open Field Test.
a. During the procedure, the rats were individually places in one corner of an illuminated white open field (100 x 100 x 40 cm) with food pellets in the center.
b. Within a time period of 5 minutes, their behaviors that were analyzed are the
Scientifically, it has been proven that one should not make long-term decisions while hungry. Students at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden studied whether or not it is smart to make a decision when you are ravenous. A hormone that is made in the gastrointestinal tract, called ghrelin enhanced this study. Ghrelin is released when your body is searching for food as energy. When you are no longer hungry, the manufacturing of ghrelin halts. Ghrelin is also associated with drug and alcohol intake. Tests were developed to demonstrate how this happens through living organisms, the researchers at the University of Gothenburg examined rats. Although rats are not humans, they can display human-like behaviors. When an extra amount of ghrelin was inserted into the rat, they went against their regular impulses. They would gain a
2.2 - Describe how mealtime environments and food presentation can be designed to help an individual to eat and drink:
Rat infestations have swarmed throughout the world, looking for food, and spreading diseases, so of course people attempt to get rid of them. First off, they spread disease. It states in Source 1, “Around 60% of the rodents carry Weil's disease...” This quote states that the majority of all rodents, have Weil’s disease. That means that if you see a rat, it is probably infected with disease. This is incredibly dangerous for people walking the street, or someone without a home. That person who does not have a home, could get a disease very easily. The rats can carry disease and they can spread that disease, it even states in Source 4, “It was this rat which ushered in the Black Plague.” In this piece, they are speaking of Black Rats. These rats were probably one of the unlucky 60%, or it was a carrier something that was on them.
“Hunger”, by Lan Samantha Chang, is a cautionary tale of an immigrant Chinese family in this complex story about unrelenting hunger, oppression, love and loss. Narrated by Min; the deeply unhappy and obedient wife of Tian, a gifted violinist, finds work as a music teacher in New York, but ultimately fails to land a permanent job at the school. Driven by personal failure and his unrelenting hunger for the violin Tian cruelly forces his two daughters, Anna and Ruth to play the violin, so they can follow in his footsteps. Tian’s inability to separate himself from his violin ends up destroying his family. Chang uses Tian’s obsessive hunger for the violin as a symbol of his identity, showing us that we must be careful
When I first heard that this assignment would require for is to log the meals that you consumed during a two day period I thought that may I should push it to two weeks. The reasons why I choose two weeks is because it would force me to become more dedicated to the task at hand forcing me to track a week's worth of meals. I would then during the second week force myself to eat from all of the required food groups/ eat the recommend intake and keep track of the proper of all of for a week.
is an involuntary restriction of food. The hypothesis suggests that the cycle of food restriction at
8 of the 13 participants had their food strictly restricted. They were given an hour to eat and the
The experiment was conducted using adult male Sprague-Dawley rats from the Charles River Laboratories in Hollister, California. The rats were housed in cages, two rats per cage, for a 12 hour light/dark cycle. The investigation began by combining the use of lateral
In the first experimental session, subjects will be randomly assigned to receive either a low or high GI food prior to exercise, then carry out the experiment in the second session under the alternate condition.
To look at behavior and hyperactivity, the Open Field test was used. Six mice from the control group and six from the exposed group were placed into a plexiglass chamber and videotaped for one hour. Using video tracking software, Rearing, Stationary, and Walking behaviors were assessed, as well as the transition from one of these behavior to the other. If a mice spent more time walking than stationary, it was considered hyperactive. This experiment was repeated to confirm the findings and plots were made tracing the movement of the mice, looking at whether they were in the center or periphery of the
There was a study conducted in 2005 that used rats and PET scans in order to better understand the neurological aspects of anorexia. (Barbarich-Marsteller, Marsteller, Alexoff, Fowler, & Dewey, 2005) They wanted to see if chronic food restriction would decrease 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) they were comparing this to the cerebral glucose hypometabolism in people who had anorexia nervosa. (Barbarich-Marsteller et al., 2005) For this study, the researchers used nine female rats that were six to seven weeks old. They allowed the rats one week to get accustomed to their new home and then during the second week the rats were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The control group had as much food as they wanted for twenty-five days, but the group that was having their food restricted received forty percent of the food they had eaten during the first week until they had lost thirty percent of their body weight. . (Barbarich-Marsteller et al., 2005) The researchers then tried to get the rats to maintain this weight. As another factor of this study, only the food restricted group had free range to a running wheel. . (Barbarich-Marsteller et al.,
Right now, millions of mice, rats, rabbits, primates, cats, dogs, and other animals are locked inside cold, barren cages in laboratories across the country. They languish in pain, ache with loneliness, and long to roam free and use their minds. Instead, all they can do is sit and wait in fear of the next terrifying and painful
The subjects were Sprague-Dawley male rats. Their age is 150 days. The supplier is Harlan Sprague-Dawley. They are maintained on a 12:12 h light/dark cycle and are provided with ad libitum access to food.
Rats are distinguished from mice by their size; rats generally have bodies longer than 12 cm (5 in).
The subjects refrained from caffeine, standardized diet, and standardized training for 48 hrs before the trials. For 24 hours before the trials, each subject was given a prepackaged standard diet. Exercise and food diaries were kept and checked for compliance.