The Role Of Ionizing Radiation Exposure In Children

Teratogen is the cause or increase the chance of a birth defect. Teratogen that pregnant women exposed are prescribed medication, chemical exposure or an infection present in a mother. I think those can cause an increase chance of the baby to be born with a defect. Nicotine does not produce congenital malformations. Maternal smoking is well –established cause of intrauterine growth restriction. The ionizing radiations can injure the developing embryo due to cell death or chromosome injury. The two effects that teratogens are Diseases (Maternal illness) and Environmental Toxins. benefits of a prenatal test are Identified whether your baby is more likely to have a certain conditions, but they usually can’t make a definitive diagnosis. Prenatal testing provides information about your prenatal testing provides information about your baby's health before he or she is born. Some routine tests during pregnancy also check on your health. Before he or she is born. Some routine tests during pregnancy also check on your health. I don’t think it’s a

study has shown that children under the age of eight absorb twice the amount of radiation

It is now known that radium, shown in figure 4, is a potent carcinogen (a substance the cause’s cancer (Wilbraham, Staley, Marta, & Waterman, 2005)). It emits a form of ionizing radiation which “includes electromagnetic radiation (e.g., gamma rays and X-rays) as well as particles (e.g., alpha particles, beta particles, high-speed neutrons, high-speed electrons, high-speed protons, etc.)” (National Library of Medicine, n.d.). Acute studies have been done on the effects of radium exposure on the human body by organizations like the Geneva World Health Organization, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. As a result of their findings, The National Library of Medicine states that sufficient evidence has been provided showing that prolonged exposure to Raduim-224, Radium-226,

Cancer is a genetic, heritable disease in which abnormal cells divide rapidly destroying normal body cells, often being fatal. Cancer can occur in any body tissue; skin, organs, and parts of the reproductive system (Duda). There are various activities linked to different types of cancer, such as smoking, too much sun exposure, gene mutations, carcinogens, and viruses. A major cause of cancer, dating all the way back to the 1950’s, is radiation. Atomic testing ordered by the U.S. Government has been suspected to be the cause of many deaths linked to radiation-related diseases (Williams 149).

Studies show that between 140 and 280 deaths had happened form radiation exposure alone. Survivors showed a greater-than-usual incidence of leukemia early on, and an ever-increasing rate of other types of cancers as the years wears on, much greater

Pregnant women have a higher risk to exposure of ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation because of the many procedures that they have to go through for their medical procedures (Williams, 2010). Some of the nonionizing exposures could include radio frequencies, microwaves and especially ultrasounds in women when going for their monthly checkups. When looking at ionizing radiation, in utero exposure could be carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic (Williams, 2010). Carcinogenic is radiation that directly causes cancer. Mutagenic involves when X-rays are capable of creating a mutation. Teratogenic can interrupt with normal embryonic development and produce risks with the developing fetus. These effects depend on the exposure level of the radiation and the stage of the fetal development (Williams, 2010). Regardless of the dose of radiation, the long term risk of their offspring having autism is still increased. The amount of radiation that the mother and the child should be exposed to should be monitored and kept at a low dose through the entire pregnancy. Ultrasounds have been a big issue in how it can cause a child to have Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Risks of Ionizing radiation during pregnancy depends on the amount of prenatal exposure and the stage of development the embryo is at. During organogenesis, two to seven weeks of fertilization, is when the embryo has a higher risk to major effects of radiation (Williams, 2010).

While healthy babies are born every day, not everyone is so fortunate. In many cases, diagnostic radiology is required for patients during their childhood. Can having this radiation during the formative years lead to adverse effects later in life? The biggest concern from radiation is the risk of cancer. Cancer can occur at any dose from ionizing radiation because it is a stochastic effect, meaning that it is probabilistic. The probability of a stochastic effect, such as cancer, increases as the dose increases. While receiving this radiation may be necessary, it can cause some serious trouble later in life, such as breast cancer, leukemia, and thyroid cancer.

In radiological protection it is important to shield areas that are susceptible to radiation with lead shielding, use of proper collimation, limiting time of exposure, keep the time of exposure as short as possible, increasing the distance of the source of radiation and the pregnant patient, using the ALARA principle (As low as reasonably achievable) and if possible the physician should determine if the examination can be delayed until after pregnancy. Also, proper equipment performance and calibration must be tested

This kind of exposure is likely from not taking the correct protective measures when being around higher levels of radiation. The effects from chronic exposure can be after you have had and acute exposure as well. This would be where radioactive material has tried to have been fixed. Some longer lasting effects of being exposed to higher levels of radiation is differents types of cancer. Some of the types of cancer consist of leukaemia, bone cancer, thyroid cancer, and lung cancer. Sometimes even genetic effects like some malformations in children born to parents exposed to radiation. Not every child born from parents who have been exposed will have malformations but they have a higher chance. This can also go for animals as

Trends of monitored, exposed radiation workers, collective doses, annual average dose, exposed annual average dose of medical, industry and research during the year 1999 to 2008 are discussed in detail.

Multiple risks are associated from exposure to radiation. Different parts of the body specifically absorb more radiation in comparison to others parts. Several factors are convoluted when determining the potential health effects from radiation exposure. These include:

There’s 4,000 kinds of birth defects. 1 and 33 children born have a birth defects, 1 in 5 of them are deaths from the defect. 6,000 kid have a heart defect, and 3,000 will die from lack of treatment. 1 in 700 people have cleft lip. Cleft lip heals slowly from 5 to 10 weeks. Number one thing that causes cancer in Chernobyl is radiation. birth defects will keep going until all of the radiation comes out of the blood or the system. some birth defects can be treated with types of medication. When men exposed himself to the radiation from the clean up. When the cemicals got into there bodys birth defects started to begin. Doctors told woman to use

The effects of radiation "in utero" are particularly deleterious (teratogenic effects). Other effects, which do not always manifest, which appear with a delay, with no obvious threshold (radiation-induced cancers including those of the thyroid, bone sarcomas, leukemias, and possibly ... malformations in offspring) are related to the accumulation of several doses over successive

For this week’s discussion board, I chose to focus on selection number two, ionizing radiation effects on cells and tissues. “Ionizing radiation is radiation that produces immediate chemical effects on human tissue” (Perez 2013). Ionizing radiation exposure can be the result of industrial accidents, medical treatment, and radiological warfare. Alpha radiation (emitted from substances such as polonium-210) kills cells, “having the most effect on those that regenerate the most rapidly” (Huddersfield Examiner 2008). According to the CDC’s physician factsheet, the primary cause of Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) is the depletion of immature stem cells in tissues, which is caused by a minimum radiation exposure of thirty to seventy rads (2005, 1). It should be noted, however, that ARS is typically the result of medical treatment, industrial accidents, and nuclear exposure; ARS is not equivalent to radiation sickness, which can be caused in numerous ways to include ingestion.

Nuclear bombs are starting to become an issue in this day in age with uprising technology. Nuclear chemicals have always been a safety problem but with the growing number of plants it’s starting to become a higher risk. One of the alarming effects that nuclear plants are creating is radiation, radiation can create so many