Nevertheless, another vital component in The Iliad is the role of women and their influence on the war and their association with different characters. Scholar Mary R. Lefkowitz, disputes that ladies had some freedom and were under the supervisions of man. The scholar inscribes:
In the Homeric epics, women seem to have little independence; they were always under the guardianship of a man, whether a husband, father, or even a son. Wives must live in their husband’s cities; women like Chryseis or Briseis, who have been captured in raids, become slaves and are completely subject to their masters. (Lefkowitz 503).
I concur with the writer that women do not have any force and are constrained by man. As the author noted about Chryseis been
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(The Iliad I.13-14, 22-23,25-30 &32).
After the confrontation between Agamemnon and Chyrses, Agamemnon requests for another "war prize" as Lefkowitz says, “The priest prays to Apollo, reminds the god of his services to him, and the gods the plague on the Greeks, so that Agamemnon is forced to return Chryseis, and as a result demands that the Greek give him another prize.” (Lefkowitz 504). This causes Agamemnon to demand Achilles’ prize Briseis although she did not want to leave Achilles. At last a quarrel over a woman grounds Achilles to not battle for the Achaeans bringing deaths and setbacks in the war. This demonstrates women assumed a critical part in the poem.
In comparison to Lefkowitz, Homer mentions in Book one of The Iliad that women are seen as property and objects’ for pleasure. Women are identified and used as items such as sex slaves. King Agamemnon stresses the soldiers to proceed apprehending Briseis by exclaiming;
Go to Achilles’ lodge. Take Brises at once, his beauty Brises by the hand and bring her here. But if he will not surrender her, I’ll go myself. I’ll seize her myself, with an army at my back-and all the worse for him! Patroclus obeyed his great friend’s command. He led Briseis in all her beauty from the lodge and handed her over to the men to take away. And the two walked back along the Argive ships while
In the first section of Odyssey, mortal women are presented to us as controlled by the stereotypes and expectations of the culture of the day, and it is only within that context that we can consider the examples Homer provides of women to be admired or despised. He provides us with clear contrasts, between Penelope and Eurycleia on the one hand, and Helen and Clytemnaestra on the other.
The Iliad and The Odyssey are tales written by Homer centered on the drama of the Trojan War. First poem deals with the time during the end of the war, while the latter, which occurs roughly ten years later, explains the disastrous journey of Odysseus fighting his way back home. The character of women in the Odyssey is to exhibit the many and diverse roles that women play in the lives of men. These functions vary from characters such as the goddess ' that help them to the nymphs who trick them. Women in the Iliad exhibit their significance in the lives of the ancient Greeks because they are so prominent in a world so dominated with military relations.
In The Iliad by Homer women in the Ancient World period were seen as possessions and property of men and consequently they were inferior to men. The Iliad begins in the 10th year of the war and starts off with Achilles and Agamemnon fighting over their war prizes, Chryseis and Brieseis. Chryseis’s father, priest of Apollo, asked Menelaus for his daughter back or he would pray to Apollo to send a plague to the Greek camp. Menelaus finally gives Chryseis back because
The #MeToo movement has brought the most recent revelations of misogyny in modern society. Sexism has been present throughout history, and the Greek society in Homer’s The Odyssey is no exception. It tells of the hero Odysseus’ journey back to his wife, Penelope, and his son, Telemakhos, on Ithaka, including his delays by the nymph, Kalypso. Throughout the epic, Homer portrays that society’s perceptions of female inferiority lead to harsher expectations of and stereotypes for women, as shown by the powerlessness, sexual double standard, and seductive stereotypes of women.
Homer’s The Odyssey has various examples of sexism and misogyny. Sexism is prominent in daily life and can be dated back as far as The Odyssey and other epic poems of the like. One of the first instances of sexism is when the suitors storm Penelope’s house, demanding her hand in marriage. The suitors forced themselves on Penelope in the sense of barging into her home and staying, harassing her mentally. More proof of sexism is how Athene babies Odysseus throughout the entire novel and he acts as if she is required to do so. At the end of the book, the maids that slept with the suitors are murdered unfairly. In Homer’s The Odyssey, women are thought of as stepping stools and are held to much higher expectations than men; examples of this are the suitors wanting to marry Penelope for her riches, how Athene consistently helps Odysseus with little gratitude, and
For this informative report I will attempt to point out the roles women and how they are viewed in ancient Greece. I will then show how these views are present in Homer’s "The Odyssey." How are women, goddess or mortal, conveyed in "The Odyssey?"
Many people regard Homer’s epics as war stories—stories about men; those people often overlook the important roles that women play in the Odyssey. While there are not many female characters in the Odyssey, the few that there are, play pivotal roles in the story and one can gain a lot of insight by analyzing how those women are portrayed. Homer portrays the females in contradictory ways: the characters of Athena and Eurykleia are given strong, admirable roles while Melantho, the Sirens and Circe are depicted in a much more negative way. Penelope—the central female character—is given both negative and positive attributes.
When the men of Agamemnon come to take Briseis, Achilles gives her up without a fight, despite how heavy his heart is at the thought of losing her. Once she is gone, Achilles withdraws from his companions and sobs, praying to his mother to understand why he is treated the way he is, why he isn’t treated with respect. His mother, hearing his laments, comes to console him, telling him that she will visit Zeus and try to sway him towards helping the Trojans and destroying the Achaeans, to make them pay for disrespecting the son of Thetis.
Throughout The Iliad, Homer displays the influence of a women’s beauty on the affairs of men during war. For instance, Agamemnon, the king of the Achaean’s, is forced to return the women he has conquered, Chryseis, in order to save his army from the plague of Apollo. However, he refuses to be deprived of a prize and says, “But fetch me another prize, and straight off too, / else I alone of the Argives go without my honor” (Homer 81). Agamemnon’s command demonstrates his reliance on a prize for nobility and glory. Without a physical representation of his strength and war victories, Agamemnon is left with nothing to uphold his jurisdiction.
The ease with which he could dispatch his enemy seemed to give Achilles pleasure, not the wealth and power which came with ruling his small kingdom. His war-brides would have undoubtedly given him the pleasurable attention he needed, but unfortunately even this luxury was denied him. The circumstances surrounding Chryseis and Briseis (two war-brides captured in an attack on a town allied with Troy) led to the unsteady relationship between Achilles and Agamemnon. When Agamemnon took Achilles' war-bride Briseis for himself, Achilles withdrew himself from battle. The result of Achilles' withdrawal was that Patroclus went into battle posing as Achilles in order to bolster the spirit of the Achaean army. This unfortunately led the death of Patroclus. This only helped to
The role of women in Greek literature has demoralized them and showing them in a maligned light. The women are portrayed as frail, cruel, insensitive, or as seductresses. These characteristics have been integrated into today’s society and [have] built the standards and defined the moral outlook of women. However, in Greek mythology, powerful and strong women are not as well celebrated, such as Athena. Homer’s The Odyssey construes the positive and negative role of women through the epic poem. The women in the poem are depicted through the contrasting actions of Penelope and the maids, in addition with the opposite personalities between the goddess Athena and the nymph Calypso.
Women in ancient Greece had very few rights in comparison to male citizens. Women were unable to vote, own property, or inherit wealth. A woman’s place was in the home and her purpose in life was to rear children. Considering this limited role in society, we see a diverse cast of female characters in Greek mythology. We are presented with women that are powerful and warlike, or sexualized, submissive and emotionally unstable. In many myths, we encounter subversive behavior from women, suggesting, perhaps, the possibility of female empowerment. While produced in an ostensibly misogynistic and oppressive society, these myths consider the possibility for a collapse of male power and the patriarchal system. In Homer’s epic poem The Odyssey,
In The Iliad, the first of many quarrels between Agamemnon and Achilles is ignited by Briseis and Chryseis. Because Agamemnon is forced to relinquish his prize,
The Iliad opens in the predicament of the Greeks who have somehow incurred the wrath of the gods. It is here that Agamemnon, supreme commander of the Grecian army, demand that Achilles give up his “prize” (Briseis) to replace his own “prize” (Chrysies) which he has to give up to appease the gods. Agamemnon has to
Homer’s Iliad is undoubtedly focused on its male characters: Achilles, primarily, but also Hector and Agamemnon. Nevertheless, it seems that the most crucial characters in the epic are female. Homer uses the characters of Thetis, Andromache, and Helen as a basis for comparison to the male characters. Homer wants his audience to see and understand the folly of his male characters in choosing war over peace, aggression over kindness, and honor over family. While the behavior of these characters clearly speaks for itself, the contrasting attitudes and behaviors of the female characters proffer an alternative; in comparison, the reader can hardly fail to concur with Homer’s message that war, aggression,