The Scientific Method Of Science

Name: ______________________________ Score: __________________ Section: _____________________________ Date: ___________________ Directions: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before the number of item. USE CAPITAL LETTERS ONLY! _____ 1. The process of making scientific inquiry.

An important thing to remember is that is the 16th and 17th centuries, there was no separation between State and the Church. Most/all rules in the State had to do something with the Bible and how it had been interpreted, and it anyone had opposed the ideas of the Bible, they would not only get punished by the church, but also by the State. This made it laborious to try to prove an idea with science, just as Galileo was trying to do. Not even the smallest accusation about the church was taken lightly, “As you know, the Council [of Trent] prohibits interpreting the Scriptures contrary to the common agreement of the holy Fathers.” (Document B). At this point Galileo had only just started his discoveries, and sharing them with the public and church. Even though Galileo never explicitly vocalized that the scriptures were wrong, just by throwing the idea out that the Earth revolved around the Sun, caused disagreement from the Church and State. The timing that Galileo started to speak about his discoveries and thoughts about the universe was not the best. He started to say his ideas only a little after Bruno. Galileo supported Bruno’s idea on how the universe worked. This was probably not the best idea for Galileo, considering that Bruno had been burned to death in 1600, for the popular belief that he was going against the Bible. The main difference between

The development of the scientific method in the late 1500’s to the early 1600’s was a crucial stepping-stone in the science community. The scientific method is based upon observations, hypotheses and experimentation. The concept is rather simple, and can be applied to many areas of study. Once an observation is made, the observer can make a hypothesis as to why that phenomenon occurs and can then design an experiment to prove whether or not that hypotheses is valid. Although the scientific method has been extremely useful in the discovery of various things from usages of medications to studying animal behavior, there are still those who question the usage of this tool. These critics claim that since

Galileo felt that the common opinions of others should not satisfy another’s curiosity and others should not be made to believe the opinions of others. The church as well as others that interpreted or preached from the Bible distorted the information and Galileo thought that those who did this should not be allowed to speak or preach about it.

In all likelihood, there were people within the realm of the Church who believed Galileo. They were not able to assert their views because of the poor image of diminishing authority. Interestingly, there was no solution to not being able to speak out about one’s views if they were opposing the

To support the theory of continental drift is through topography, surveying the floors of oceans, charts of rock magnetism, and statistics on rock ages (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). At one time scientist believed that the deep ocean floors were flat; accumulating the sediment that progressively wore away from the prehistoric landmasses (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). However, they discovered steep-walled valleys and elevated highlands. This was evidences that just as the continents are transformed and are active, so to is the seafloor (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). The Mid- Atlantic Ridge, positioned in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean, is recorded to be the longest mountain range on this planet. Volcanoes, lava flow, and earthquakes are a source of

Religion and science have always been conflicting studies. Religion, being based on faith, relies on the supernatural to explain life and being. Science, on the other hand, cannot do this. Scientists need to eliminate the possibility of the unexplainable in order to maintain and control group by which to measure other groups. The unexplainable I refer to are the miracles that are commonplace in all supernatural religions. Galileo lived in a time where church was state. The land was ruled according to the words of the bible, and anyone in opposition would be in contempt. Galileo's scientific findings were therefore strongly shunned by the church. In 1615 Galileo attempted to explain how these findings came to be

“I decided to stand alone on the throne of the world, because I believe all good philosophers fly alone like eagles.”(Axelrod 9 ) . Galileo is one of the greatest scientific minds and innovators of his time. Many questioned his methods of discovery, reasons for why something was happening in experiments he conducted. Galileo’s reasoning is the focal point to his research and helps with the idea of understanding how he thought. Galileo’s inventions were the most innovative and advanced in his field at the time. Most importantly Galileo was just trying to find truth , “Galileo was honest when he said that if the bible seemed to say something different from what science said, then one had just misinterpreted the bible”,(Axelrod 8 ). Provided the research and experiments Galileo had done his theories and ideas are correct for his time. As a scientist, Galileo experimented with many theories on how the universe was structured and found the copernican theory to be the most sensible but had trouble proving his system to be true. Galileo’s commitment to explanation as the basis for justification for his research is stronger than most of his other methods for explaining the environment around him.

Throughout history, examples of technological advances against the approval of the general populations are in abundance. In the early to mid 1600’s, Galileo Galilei made many scientific and mathematical discoveries. However, in this time period, many did not agree with his claims as when the Church ordered Galileo to keep quiet about his theories about the Earth orbiting around the Sun.

There will always be a battle between religion and science, it is a truth universally acknowledged. Galileo attempted to make the two compatible by suggesting that the truth can only be sought out if the notion under consideration can be accurately tested and if the opposing view can be founded as false. Galileo’s goes into depth about the truth of scripture and the sciences, intertwined with the reason of man, in his letter to Christina of Lorraine, Grand Duchess of

The Scientific Method is the standardized procedure that scientists are supposed to follow when conducting experiments, in order to try to construct a reliable, consistent, and non-arbitrary representation of our surroundings. To follow the Scientific Method is to stick very tightly to a order of experimentation. First, the scientist must observe the phenomenon of interest. Next, the scientist must propose a hypothesis, or idea in which the experiments will be based around. Then, through repeated experimentation, the hypothesis can either be proven false or become a theory. If the hypothesis is proven to be false, the scientist must reformulate his or her ideas and come up with another hypothesis, and the experimentation begins again. This

This theory of Galileo made lots of Aristotelian people mad and think he was dumb and stupid. Galileo had also done more things that

There is a common belief in many societies around the world that only knowledge which has been produced or manufactured with difficulty is the knowledge that knowers truly value. Every knower has at least once in his life been in a situation or has experienced a situation which he would describe as tough, hard or difficult. Although there are some topics and concepts, for example rocket science, which are regarded to be rather difficult to understand and apply, there is no universally agreed upon, definite difficulty. It is a concept which seems to be universally understood but applied differently on the personal level. Whether something is regarded as difficult or not completely depends on the knower himself, specifically his personal beliefs,

The scientific method contains seven steps: asking a question, researching the problem, forming a hypothesis, experimentation, observing and recording the experiment results, drawing a conclusion, and sharing the results. These steps are most commonly thought to be used strictly for scientific research in labs but they can also be used in a more practical setting with everyday problems. Goals as simple as getting better grades or becoming more fit can be achieved by using the scientific method. My application of the scientific method was towards a problem. A family friend and fellow bulldog breeder had a new litter of puppies with a mother who was not producing milk. They had to hand feed five puppies, one of which had some special needs. The puppy had a minor cleft palate and required extra care. To make sure she could get all the one on one attention she needed, they allowed me to bring her home and nurse her for a while. The process with which we took on this new problem can be broken down into the same seven steps of the scientific method.

Science is a vast system that organizes knowledge that can be tested for explanations and extrapolations about the universe. Science also embodies knowledge itself, in means to rationally explain and apply such erudition. The subject of ‘science’ is far too broad; however, it can be divided into 3 main branches or fields: natural sciences (studies phenomena), formal sciences (mathematics and logic based), and social sciences (human behavior). Natural science is an empirical science, which means that the knowledge collected must be from an observable phenomenon and must be have the means to be tested for validity by an third party with the same working conditions. Incorporated in natural science lies the branch of biology. Biology is devoted to studying living organisms and life respectively. Within biology, the fastest growing field during the past decade is the study of embryonic stem cells and their use for curing illnesses. Currently, the regulations governing the use of such cells are restrictive because of the controversy linked to the process along with the unknown direction the research can take. These policies should be revised in order to allow stem cell use in treating degenerative diseases because more than 45 million people world-wide are effected by such diseases (CITE) and stem cells have been proven to be the only successful option in treating such diseases. Unless the ethical regulations are altered, millions of people will suffer and the field will not