The self-proclaimed Islamic State is a militant movement that has conquered territory in western Iraq and eastern Syria, where it has made a bid to establish a state in territories that encompass some six and a half million residents. Though spawned by al-Qaeda’s Iraq franchise, it split with Osama bin Laden’s organization and evolved to not just employ terrorist and insurgent tactics, but the more conventional ones of an organized militia.In June 2014, after seizing territories in Iraq’s Sunni heartland, including the cities of Mosul and Tikrit, the Islamic State proclaimed itself a caliphate, claiming exclusive political and theological authority over the world’s Muslims. Its state-building project, however, has been characterized more …show more content…
The group that calls itself the Islamic State can trace its lineage to the aftermath of the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003. The Jordanian militant Abu Musab al-Zarqawi aligned his Jama’at al-Tawhid w’al-Jihad with al-Qaeda, making it al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI).
Zarqawi’s organization took aim at the U.S. forces, their international allies, and local collaborators. It sought to draw the United States into a sectarian civil war by attacking Shias and their holy sites, including the Imam al-Askari shrine in 2006, to provoke them to retaliate against Sunni civilians.
Zarqawi was killed in a U.S. air strike that year. The emergence of the U.S.-backed Awakening councils, or Sons of Iraq, further weakened AQI as Sunni tribesmen reconciled with Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki’s Shia-led government. Zarqawi’s successors rebranded AQI as the Islamic State of Iraq, and later, the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS). The name refers to a territory that roughly corresponds with the Levant, reflecting broadened ambitions as the 2011 uprising in Syria created opportunities for AQI to expand. The group is known to its followers as il-Dawla (“the State”) and to its Arabic-speaking detractors as Daesh, the Arabic equivalent of the acronym ISIS. The Islamic State’s current leader, the self-proclaimed caliph Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, spent time in U.S. run prisons in Iraq. Cells organized within them, along with
Islamic States of Iraq and Sham ISIS, Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, al Qaeda in Iraq, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), Islamic State, Da’ish is an active group formed c. 2014. ISIS is a terrorist group that sole purpose is pushing their beliefs on others and if their religion isn’t accepted in the appropriate way (how they expected) they then result to violence. Da’ish is the official name of the terrorist group known as ISIS, dramatically arrived and shocked many people in the West. The horrifying and violent events that have occurred since the appearance if ISIS struck fear into the hearts of people all across the world. Even though fear is an extreme emotion, the hatred that came with it is even stronger and is more Ernest.
The terrorist group is widely known as the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS). Recently many political leaders have been attempting to change the terminology by calling the organization Daesh the Arabic equivalent of the English acronym ISIS. The use of acronyms in Arabic are rare
The death of Zarqauwi in 2006 caused the awakening of Islamic State in Iraq. In the year 2013, ISIS began focusing on the split between Shia-led government and Sunni
ISIS began over two decades back as an idea from a Jordanian named Abu Musab al-Zarqawi. He was a hooligan when he touched base in Afghanistan needing to be a mujahedeen in 1989, past the point where it is possible to battle the Soviet Union. He did a reversal home to Jordan, and remained a periphery figure in the brutal jihal for a great part of the next decade. He came back to Afghanistan to set up a preparation camp for terrorists and met Osama canister Laden in 1999, yet picked not to join al-Qaeda. The fall of the Taliban in 2001 constrained Zarqawi to escape to Iraq. There nobody saw him until the Bush organization utilized it as confirmation that al-Qaeda were banding together with Saddam Hussein. As a general rule, however, Zarqawi was a free specialists, hoping to make his own particular fear association.
Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), which controls territory mainly in Iraq and Syria, was formed in April 2013, it was grown out of al Qaeda. The main ideology behind the organisation is based on Islamism, Salafism and Salafi Jihadism. ISIS was originally founded by Abu Musab al Zarqawi in Iraq. Before ISIL was established, Zarqawi has set up an al Qaeda franchise in Iraq during the occupation of country by the Americans. Later, however, Zarqawi became so extreme, his brutal actions in Iraq offended the jihadists, and led to al Qaeda disavowing him.
Over 189,000 Iraqis died directly from this conflict (Ingersoll). This is a sharp contrast compared to the casualties that the Americans faced. Of the 1.5 million Americans that served in Iraq between 2003 and 2011, more than 30,000 troops were wounded during the conflict and additional 4,500 were killed in action (Koroma). As many critics of the Iraq War have pointed out that despite the Bush administration's “attempt” to make Iraq and the world a better and place the exact opposite has occurred (Harsanyi).. Prior to the conflict, Saddam Hussein possessed an iron grip on Iraq. To secure his power he would go as far as torturing his own people, including his own family members (Curl). However, the collapse of the Saddam Regime left a massive power vacuum. Since the star of the conflict Iraq has become a breeding ground for various terrorist organization vying for power of the country (Fukuyama). A particular group that stands out from the rest is the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), also referred to as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). However, the group has proclaimed itself as the Islamic State since declaring itself a “caliphate” on June 30, 2014, in a bid to legitimate itself from other groups (Weaver). This terrorist group has been accused of committing numerous crimes against
America’s invasion of Iraq in 2003 led to many smaller branches of terror groups to form. ISIL grouped as a small organization who pledged their allegiance to Osama Bin Laden’s al Qaeda. In ISIL’s early days it was not a huge organization with swaths of land, it was dedicated in getting U.S.
The beginnings of ISIS,a Sunni jihadist group,can be traced back to 1999, when Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a Jordanian jihadist, started the group . In 2010, after ISIS’s second leader was assassinated, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi,a former scholar of Islamic studies and a US war prisoner back in 2004,took over and got the group back on track. He replenished their partially-killed-off leadership with dozens of Saddam’s old Ba’athist military personnel, who brought key experience to the group. Then in 2011, when the Syrian Civil War broke out, ISIS joined in as a rebel force,which helped to train and battle-harden the group. ISIS’s behavior in Syria was so brutal and severe that they even started creeping out the other groups, including al-Qaeda, who finally had a tantrum in early 2014 and cut all ties with ISIS. The ISIS, like all terrorist organizations, arose out of systems of discontent that made extremist ideology appealing. The extremist ideology of ISIS is an aberration of Islam marked by radical apocalyptic thought. The ISIS’s position is antithetical to Shia Islam, which believes that just as a prophet is appointed by God alone, only God has the prerogative to appoint the successor to his prophet (the caliphate).
The group ISIS was originally founded and supported by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi and Osama Bin Laden in 1999 as Jamaat al-Tawhid wa-l-Jihad (JTWJ). In 2004, during the Iraq invasion by the United States, Zarqawi’s JTWJ joined Bin Laden’s al-Qaeda to fight the United States.
Al Qaeda started in 2004 by, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi. Abu Musab al-Zarqawi died in 2006 on top of a safe house, from an American airstrike. Abu Ayyub al-Masri went on to take over Al Qaeda, and soon after announcing the creation of the Islamic State in Iraq “and Syria” would come to the name later on. In 2006, ISI had controlled most of Iraq. In 2010, Abu Ayyub al-Masri died from Ballistic trauma, and Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi took over the group. Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi was a prisoner for four years, in the Bucca camp, up until 2010. ISIS had gained enough strength in Syria to move back into Iraq in 2013. That same year, Baghdadi announced the new name of ISI to ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria). ISIS then began to start fighting better against forces, due to former Saddam Army forces joining the group. Finally, the US started airstrikes in Iraq and Syria in 2014 (Hanna
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) or simply the Islamic State (IS), is a Salafi jihadi extremist militant group and self-declared caliphate led by Sunni Muslim Arabs from Iraq and Syria. Prior to March 2015, it had control over the territory of Iraq and Syria and some parts of Libya and Nigeria, as well as more than ten million people. ISIS has been classified as a terrorist organization by the United Nations, the European Union and its member states, the United States of America, Russia, India, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and many other countries. Furthermore, over 60 countries are directly or indirectly waging war against Isis. The terrorist group, which originated as Jama’at
This angered the Sunni Muslims. Al Qaeda, a terrorist group formed by Osama Bin Laden chose to capitalize on their anger and established al Qaeda in Iraq to wage an insurgency against U.S. troops in Iraq. The AQI established war against Iran; they put the shiftier Muslims in the central of Iran and started bombing hotels in neighboring Jordan. Shiite government in Bagdad began reaching out to Sunni tribes, encouraging them to reject AQI. AQI moved into Syria and renamed it selves ISIS. ISIS was formed after the dismantle of al Qaeda (AQI) founded in 2004, when the leader and founder, Abu Musab al Zarqawi, was killed, (Glenn). When, AQI was originally formed by Usama Bin Laden and Muhammad Atef (Loeterman); their purpose of their existence was to oppose non-Islamic governments by force and violence. AQI maintained offices in Afghanistan, Pakistan, United States, among other regions. Bin Laden and AQI opposed the US for several reasons, among them being, for not being an Islamic state, providing
That division is crucial to understanding ISIS and its aims today. Their disagreement resurfaced years later, in 2012, when AQI reconstituted itself under the name Islamic State of Iraq and began intervening in the mounting civil war in Syria. Eventually, the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Qaeda went from ideological disagreements to open fighting and, after the Islamic State added Syria to its name and became ISIS, open war.
Islamic state is a Sunni Militant group, which has gained territory in Western Iraq, eastern Syria and Libya, in aim of establishing a caliphate. Its origins date back to 2004, in which Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, previous to moving to Iraq in 2003 to fight the American and British invasion, detached from Al-Quadia and renamed to ISIS. It grew for 8 years until beginning the caliphate.
By October 2014, the self-declared Islamic State of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, also known as 'Caliphate ', was in control of an area