The Space Station : Aeronautics And Extra Terrestrial

What happens when you go into space? You lose muscle and bone mass. I found that the astronauts set apart two and a half hours each day are devoted to fitness. If astronauts are not exercising they start losing the bone and muscle that they need. Bone and muscle loss mean decreased size and strength, and can reduce the ability to do the work that they have due the weakness. Once they land on Earth walking difficult by the lose of muscle. Muscle can be built back up with exercise, but when you lose bone is not easy to get back. In the Apollo mission there wasn't room for the exercise equipment that the space station has.

Space is one of the most researched and government funded fields internationally. Globally, researchers have been attempting to discover more about the universe far before Sputnik was launched on October 4, 1957. NASA has launched over 100 flights to space, but one of the most recent flights is Expedition 47. This team has gone to microgravity to investigate spaceflight’s effect on the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neurovestibular systems in the human body. The crew members are also trying to discover how to make the workout equipment more practical and create more room for future space crews during long-duration missions. The Expedition 47 began on March 1, 2016 and will end on June 5, 2016. This three month long research expedition

How long would a “long term” space flight be? According to our records, the longest that human has been off Earth is almost 438 days, and it is the mission operated by Russian space station Mir. (Beings not Made for Space, Kenneth Chang, 2014) Long-term space flight requests that astronauts have to be exposed to the real space environment, which includes microgravity, the significant increase in radiation, variation in temperature and space view. The major impacts that I will be talking about are microgravity and space radiation. Due to these changes of space environment from that of the Earth, astronauts will face the changes on their body and health, some of the changes would be negative. For example, astronauts will see the significant changes in their body; their whole bodies will expand, the mass of their bones and muscles would lose, and some of them might have farsighted eyes. There will also be increase in risk of Alzheimer’s disease, damage in immune system and destroys of microbiomes. To build a better space environment, scientists have been working hard to find out what is causing the health issues and ways to solve them. They have done well-known researches such as “Twins Study” between Mark and Kelly Scott. The latest technology that involved is called artificial gravity; it is considered desirable for long-term space flight as well as human habitat in space.

In 1986, the USSR launched its space station Mir in orbit. NASA proposed to construct a permanently manned orbiting space station in response. The US began building the space station Freedom, working with Canada, several European countries, and Japan as partners in the endeavor. Just as work on Freedom began, however, the Soviet Union collapsed. This presented an opportunity for the US to work with Russia in space rather than compete with them. Freedom was reengineered into the new International

The building of the ISS was an example of leadership and legacy because it was built by a coalition of many nations. The International Space Station was not built by just one nation. The building of the International Space Station took a total of 16 nations. "The United States and Russia are just two of sixteen nations co-operating in this major scientific and technological project,"("The Space Station Era Dawns").

In space, astronauts are required to work out for at least two and a half hours a day to maintain their muscles and overall health, along with completing all of their other responsibilities. The responsibility of astronauts, according to NASA, is “to perform world-class science and

It was in the midst of the Cold War that the race for the conquest of outer space began. After the launch of soviet satellite Sputnik in 1957, events moved rapidly for the development of The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in hopes of the United States gaining ground in this race. About 5 decades after NASA’s doors opened, it has become one of the world’s leading agent in the exploration of space. An important part of this exploration was The Space Shuttle Program. These shuttles were to provide transport for satellites to orbit earth and a lab for scientific experiments. After 30 years of shuttle flight, the program was shut down on July 21, 2011 with the safe landing of the shuttle Atlantis. During these years 135 shuttle missions took place, flying about 600 astronauts into outer space. These space shuttles that weighed around 78,100 pounds when empty consisted of two solid rocket

Long term exposure in space poses multiple threats to astronauts who are tasked to complete high risk and reward missions. Some of the most prominent threats include loss of muscle mass, decrease in bone density, and weakening of the immune system. Other dangerous potential effects are alteration in circadian rhythms and exposure to radiation. Each effect either has current treatments, or are currently being researched to discover more effective forms to combat the potential dangers they pose.

In addition, there are astronauts that have to waste money and gas just to fly up there and back it is going to be bad if something goes

They are probably reached the most basic things in being an astronaut. They are teached how to survive in case of an emergency. In my opinion being an astronaut is very important they have a chance to discover and study new planets which one day we will live up their.

We have dreamt of spaceflight since ancient times. Humans have developed and thought of many ways to acquire this immense feat and it wasn’t till the 20th century mankind were able to build rockets powerful enough to overcome the force of gravity. Since then, we’ve successfully sent mankind to the moon, rovers to mars and space probes deep into the reaches of our solar system. Nations have striven to advance and attain great heights in the field of space exploration. The constant competitiveness between USA and USSR during the cold war led to many major breakthroughs in the history of space exploration beginning with USSR launching the first international space station and USA successfully landing a human on the moon. The international space station (ISS) stands as the basis of how international collaboration can affect space exploration. Even though some nations are unwilling to work together, space exploration provides a platform for nations to form relationships that benefits one another and create beneficial relationships with each other.

The accomplishment of space travel on 12 April 1961 marked the dawn of a new space era. Since then, humans have advanced in technology and acquired immense knowledge through space exploration. We watch video clips of astronauts enjoying a gravity-free environment, however, there are challenges in space, the greatest threat being the lack of oxygen and pressure. Furthermore, spaceflight has a significant impact on the human body. Moreover, extreme variations in temperature and intense radiation from sunlight increase the chance of cancer. Significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessness are muscle atrophy (degeneration of cells) and deterioration of the skeleton (Kansas and Manzey 15). Weightlessness is also known to “cause the ‘moon-face’ appearance typical in pictures of astronauts” (Akiyama 22). Health risks also include cardiovascular system malfunction, balance disorders, eyesight disorders and motion sickness. Moreover, studies show that the crew members experience psychological effects as well, due to stress coupled with the body adapting environmental changes. However, the future prospects of space exploration require humans to endure for longer periods in space. These factors have paved the way for ‘space medicine’ that studies and improve the health of astronauts living in outer space. I will consider the studies on the effects of spaceflight on the human body and attempt to determine

However, it is extremely difficult to send a human being into space. The space shuttle, which ferried astronauts from earth to the International Space Station cost, on average, $1.5 billion dollars for each of the 135 launches (Pielke Jr. 2007). Furthermore, the space shuttle had an operational altitude of less than 600 miles, with the typical flight only reaching altitudes of around 250 miles (Jenkins 2006); for missions beyond the International Space Station, the distance several orders of magnitude greater. On average, it is 238,900 miles to reach the moon, and 140 million miles to reach Mars (http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm). The sheer amount of resources required to send a person into space makes it exceptionally difficult and costly to do so. Consequently, it becomes critical that the astronauts ' well-being is accounted for when being sent on long term missions, both from an ethical and financial perspective. This paper will address some of the hazards and health concerns that arise due to long term space travel for human beings.

Space, an unknown and endless abyss full of mystery and wonder. A beautiful domicile that, as humans, peaks our curiosity. As the saying goes, “curiosity killed the cat”, when it comes to traveling to space, humans are slowly dying from their curiosity. Space is a dangerous place, full of mental and physical altering effects. Astronauts, the deep sea divers of space, must train for years to get use to the effects of space. Space is virtually the exact opposite than the home we know as Earth. Humans, along with all organisms on Earth, were created on Earth for Earth and when we dare explore a place without the same environment, we are asking for complications. When a human is exposed to the vacuum of space, we die within minutes. Over the years scientists have developed technologies that help protect us against the deadly features of space, but in reality it only shields us from about fifty percent of all of the harmful effects. Weightlessness changes us physically, while isolation alters us mentally. Space changes the life of any human including the way we travel from place to place, our sleeping and eating habits, and the amount of exercise needed. Traveling to space has many effects on humans both mentally and physically, which is why they endure intensive training and need technology to survive, but even so, die slowly in its clutches.

The International Space Station is currently working on different kind of projects. Some projects would include experiments with microgravity, which is the very weak gravity that you would endure if you were on an