The Sustainability Of Magnesium Alloys On Automotive

The purpose of this lab was to test the law of definite proportions for the synthesis reaction of combusting magnesium. In this lab, the polished magnesium ribbon was placed in covered crucible and was heated in order for it to react with Oxygen presented in air and in water provided. The result showed that Magnesium oxide formed through chemical reaction was made up of 60.19% magnesium and 39.81% oxygen, which is approximate proportion of both particles in every Magnesium oxide compound. From this lab it can be concluded that the law of definite proportion stating that the elements in a pure compound combine in definite proportion to each other is factual.

One specific use of Mg compounds in our society is the functions of magnesium alloys in the industry field. “An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals with properties different from those of the individual metals” (Newton). For example, since magnesium is a lightweight metal and aluminum is a heavier metal magnesium can alloy with Aluminum. Magnesium and aluminum alloys create airplanes, automobiles, ladders, artificial limbs, vaccum cleaners, lawn mowers, some portable power and gardening tools, car wheels, soda cans, and skis. Since Mg is one of the lightest metals it is used in vehicles so that there can be less fuel (Uttley).

In this experiment, the empirical formula of magnesium oxide was determined by converting a sample of magnesium into magnesium oxide and then determining the molar ratio of magnesium to oxygen. This ratio was found by placing a sample of magnesium into a crucible then heating it in the presence of air. To ensure that the reaction was complete the crucibles were fired multiple times and also massed between each firing. This reaction then formed magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and magnesium nitride (Mg3N2). Water (H2O) was added to these two products in order to create magnesium oxide. By subtracting the mass of the magnesium sample from the mass of the magnesium oxide the mass of oxygen that formed the oxide was determined. The number

Scandium-reinforced aluminum alloys suggestion design engineers several significant advantages over other high strength aluminum alloys, containing Inhibition of recrystallization. Remarkably, scandium increases the recrystallization temperature of aluminum alloys to above 600°C, well above the temperature range of heat treatable aluminum alloys. It has been perceived that the addition of scandium with zirconium is more effective than the addition of scandium alone.

The goal of this experiment was to determine the rate law for the reaction between magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid. In order to find the overall rate law of this reaction, the total pressure change of the reaction is recorded which allows the rate to be determined by evaluating the slope of the line pressure versus time before the reaction reaches completion. This technique is using pressure as a function of time. The equation that will be used to calculate the pressure of the hydrogen gas that is produced in the reaction is the ideal gas law or PV=nRT. The reaction that is used in this study between magnesium shot and hydrochloric acid is: Mg(s) + 2H+(aq) + Mg2+(aq) + H2(g). The theoretical rate law for this reaction that was expected

The whole process took about nine seconds. Magnesium mixed with sodium hydroxide solution: No reaction happened. Aluminum mixed with hydrochloric acid: The decomposition of the metal progressed slower than that of magnesium, with the solution turning metallic in color at about 15 seconds, then turning transparent near the end of its decomposition.

Magnesium is a shiny grey solid that assembles to five other elements. Magnesium’s atomic number is 12 and it has 12 neutrons, 12 electrons and 12 protons. Magnesium’s symbol is known as Mg. It is the ninth abundant element in the universe. Magnesium was discovered by Joseph Black in 1775. It was isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808. The name magnesium originates from the greek word for a district in Thessaly called Magnesia. It is related to magnetite and manganese, which too was originated from the area, and used differentiation as separate substances. Magnesium can be found both on Earth and other places in the universe. On Earth, it can be found in the crust as a compound with oxygen. A compound is when two or more elements chemically

In this lab, an empirical formula for the Magnesium oxide was investigated . The empirical formula of the first and second trials was calculated, and it was MgO. We used the average mass the MgO, then subtracted it from the mass of the crucible to find the mass of MgO in g. After we got the mass of MgO, we subtracted it from the m of mg to get the mass of O. We calculated the mass present of the O, then we found the molar mass of it. The molar mass of O was calculated by multiplying its mass by grams to 1 mol dividing by its standard atomic weight in (g). We found the molar mass of the Mg, then we divided the smallest value by each element in order to get a small whole number. The whole numbers for each element that are Mg and O lead us to

The main objective of this experiment was to use stoichiometry and a variety of other tests to determine the amount of reactants needed, the expected results, percent yield, and compounds present. To achieve this, aluminum extracted from a can was heated in a beaker until the metal dissolved. Solid residue was then removed using vacuum filtration and sulfuric acid was added and placed in an ice bath to create crystals. Vacuum filtration was used again to separate these crystals. The percent yield was then calculated using the found theoretical and actual masses. To assess purity, the melting point was found to be 90-92.5 degrees Celsius, a comparable range to the expected value; using the flame test, it was discovered potassium was present;

As only 2 balloons expanded in size, the results did not provide solid evidence to completely support the hypothesis of the practical. Having said that, the magnesium reaction time clarified its high metal reactivity as it expanded to its optimal circumference in the 30 seconds provided. Similarly, copper did not react at all as expected due to its low metal reactivity. However, between the maximum and minimum metals, in terms of reactivity, aluminium, zinc and iron showed no sign of expansion in the 30 second observational time limits. Nevertheless, the aluminium balloon expanded after approximately 40 minutes. As neither zinc nor iron reacted in this time span, it was confirmed that aluminium had the second highest metal reactivity, as anticipated from the hypothesis. After the first, second and last metals in the metal reactivity series were established, the remainder had to be observed for their chemical reactions to make a valid conclusion under the time constraint provided. From the observations between zinc and iron, it was perceived that zinc was more reactive due to which more bubbles and gas had formed in the test tube containing acid as opposed to iron where only occasional bubbles had developed. The metal reactivity series was confirmed from the balloon expansions and the chemical changes that occurred.

* Durability: When compared to steel, aluminum is durable and light-weight. While it is difficult to which is the best from aluminum and stainless steel, aluminum is definitely better than ordinary steel. So, can be used for outdoor applications and for where water and moisture are present.

Four trials were conducted in this experiment. The first two trials were set up to ultimately record the experimental molar mass of aluminum, and the last two trials were set up to record the percentages of aluminum to zinc in an unknown alloy. The purpose of two trials for

You may not have realized this but aluminum can be found widely throughout daily life. In fact, it’s the most abundant metal in the earth 's crust. Aluminum is used to make food and beverage cans, pots and pans, airplanes, siding and roofing, foil and a variety of consumer products such as:

Magnesium is 30% lighter than aluminum and possesses excellent mechanical properties. It has higher weight to strength ratio, damping capacity, dimensional stability, impact and dent resistance when compared to aluminum alloys or steel alloys. These properties have increased the usage of magnesium alloys in the automotive and aerospace industry for weight reduction. But magnesium alloys are often associated with some limitations such as low ductility, lower strength, poor workability (due to hexagonal lattice structure), lower creep resistance and lower corrosion resistance. Alloying with rare earth metals like Gadolinium, neodymium and cerium have

The recent study of metal matrix composite mainly deals with the aluminum based composites with the reinforcement of particulates of silicon carbide and aluminum based composites with the reinforcement of particulates of graphite which will be function as solid lubricant. In this paper, two sets of composites has been prepared. One composite consists of Aluminium with graphite and silicon carbide particles and the other composite consists of Aluminium with alumina and Graphite. The composited has been prepared by stir casting method and both the samples tested for the mechanical properties. The mechanical properties were compared for both the composites and validated. The microstructure of the both composites were examined using Scanning Electron microscope (SEM).