The Terrorist Turn Adopted By Eta

Modern terrorism, as deduced from this literature, is acts to violence strategically used by secular groups spanning international borders with the aim of achieving a desired outcome. Further, it can be seen as organized activity whose genesis can be traced back to the 1880’s. From then to now there are identifiable traits and patterns observed from different (terrorist) groups which have allowed for the conceptualization of the term modern terrorism. This concept therefore, can be best explained in the context of being a wave or having a life cycle. That means it is a cycle of activity demarked by phases from inception and expands along the way then eventually it declines. The world, thus far, has experienced four waves of modern

Since the terrorist attacks on 9/11, America has been on edge about the topic of terrorism. Groups like Al-Qaeda, Hamas, Taliban, and now more recently, ISIS, has kept the world cautious of their every next move. Looking more closely into how these groups are formed and operate could help us better understand how they can be stopped. Studying the history of terrorist organizations can help us better predict the future of terrorist organizations.

People who were against fascism from around the world traveled to Spain to fight Franco.

The Spanish Civil War was a war in Spain that lasted from 1936 to 1939 between the government of the Second Republic and army officers who wanted to overthrow it. The government and its supporters were known as Republicans’, while the army and its alliances were known as Nationalists. A main and important figure for the Nationalists was Fransico Franco, a general that became dictator for Spain until his death in 1975. General Emilio Mola, a Nationalist general, thought this conflict between the Republicans’ and the Nationalists would end quickly. He believed workers that went against the government would be crushed quickly. However, the conflict turned into a long, bloody war, with the Republicans’ admitting defeat. In

Religious terrorism is regularly portrayed as demonstrations of unreasonable, silly and indiscriminate violence, along these lines offering few, if any what really spur religious terrorism measures. This presumption about religious terrorism comes from different nations, groups and individual’s. Unbalanced regard for prophetically catastrophic terrorism, and an absence of qualification between religious terrorism and its mainstream partner. This article, in this manner, expects to do four things: characterize and separate religiously inspired terrorism, confidence, and activism along the lines of faith and violence. Furthermore, prescribe a scope of religion, confidence, and terrorism systems in view of these perceptions.

In 1936, when Spain collapsed into its long and bloody civil war, the issues and underlying tensions in the European state system were becoming increasingly obvious and pressing. Long before the birth of the Spanish civil war, Europe, due to the `balance of power' arrangement held between the continents main power brokers, was in a state of diplomatic congeniality. Inefficient governments with no desire for reform reigned supreme under this system. However this period of political stagnation was blown asunder by the `Great War'. Following years of death and destruction and an apparent inability to recover fully, people began to question their governments and call for reform. These popular calls for reform gave birth to a number of radical groups and seen an explosion in their numbers as they resolved to provide strong rule. Dictatorships and political extremes sprouted throughout Europe. These include groups on both sides of the political divide; in Germany the Nazi Party, in Italy the fascists, in Russia the communists. Smaller instances of both can also be seen to have

By the late 1960s, Italy had suffered through World War II. It had seen the Vietnam War unfold before them. Furthermore, it had experienced a dramatic urbanization from an agrarian society to an urban one. Such a shift precipitated the appeal for communism. Into this complicated political and socio-economic arena came the Red Brigades. The Red Brigades were an Italian terrorist organization with a strong emphasis on Marxism. Founded in 1969 by radical left-leaning students Renato Curcio and his wife Mara Cagol, the Red Brigades began a reign of terror that . In order to fully assess the impact of the Red Brigades in Italy, it is necessary to answer a central question: why were the Red Brigades so violent? The Red Brigades had ties to

From 1959 until 2010, Euskadi Ta Aaskatasuna or ETA has been fighting for autonomy in the Basque region on the border between Spain and France. ETA hopes to achieve political and cultural independence. However, it utilizes terror and violent intimidation to undermine existing governments. It is a terrorist organization that with military-style precision inflicts maximum damage in an attempt to realize its nationalist ideals. Cease-fires and negotiations are voided. ETA argues that in striving for nationalist autonomy it is simply an organization of “freedom fighters” struggling to resist what they perceive to be an illegitimate government.

     The government of Spain dissolved once again and Franco was removed from the general staff. He was moved to duty in the Canary Islands. Although it was against Franco’s nature to oppose the government, he joined Nationalist rebels against the government.

Our government through the plebiscite persuades us to support crimes against humanity and to declared this kinds of events as related to political crimes in order to approve a process that it doesn’t have guarantees, we are talking about for the justice of “5.7 million victims of forced displacement, 220,000 dead, more than 25,000 missing, and almost 30,000 kidnapped” (Infobae, 2016) there are some of the numbers that we can contribute to FARC-EP group, a guerrilla movement who is a terrorist group considered globally and members that try to avoid prosecutions and judicial penalties to evade their responsibilities for crimes against

A group known as the Basques are a small, homogeneous people located in the Andorran mountains in northern Spain and southern France. This group is the only group in the world that speaks the language of Euskera. They have been isolated in the Andorran region for thousands of years and haven’t diffused to any other part of the world. However, scientists have found evidence that shows a link between Euskera and an extinct language in the Middle East. The separation of the Basque group started during the reign of the fascist dictator Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War because of his harsh policies against them. After Franco’s death in 1975, the Basques demanded self-government within Spain. The Basque group used violent techniques such

Walter Laqueur’s book, “The New Terrorism: Fanaticism and the Arms of Mass Destruction”, is empowering readers with the entire spectrum of terrorism. The reasons behind terrorism are not easy to understand, but Laqueur goes into great detail to try and bring the reader to an understanding of what the terrorist is thinking in order to justify the means to the end.

In the 20th century, terrorism continued to be associated with a vast array of anarchist, socialist, fascist and nationalist groups, many of them engaged in ‘third world’

Generalissimo Francisco Franco came into power after his victory in the Civil war in 1939 and ruled over Spain till his death in 1975. In this 40-year period Spain was massive changed that causes much debate as to the political nature of Franco’s regime whether it is fascist or something different, Francoism. To understand if Franco’s regime was fascist, fascism must first be defined. There are many working definitions of a fascist regime, Stanley Payne’s states that the dictator must alien his regime to the idea of anti-isms, them being aintiliberalism, antidemocratic, anticonservatism, anticommunism and antidemocratic. Payne states these are fundamental in the description of a fascist regime. Another useful definition is Robert Griffin, stating that a fascist regime will use symbolism, violence to pursue its political aims, with the importance aimed at expansionism. Finally Griffin also states the need of the dictator to implement an authoritarian and totalitarian government. All these help to create a fascist regime and more importantly a truly fascist dictator. There is little doubt Franco holds to some of these definitions yet in later year the idea of Francosim becomes more viable however to understand if Franco was a truly fascist dictator we must look to the similarities and differences and determine by examining Franco’s rise politically his general style of government and finally his foreign policies it will determined whether Franco was a truly fascist dictator.

The ETA developed from the idea that the Basque culture was not being appreciated by the Spanish and their anger towards the Spanish government that was taking advantage of them. In the 1940s, Spain was a country that was struggling, both economically and to get back on its feet after the Spanish Civil War that had taken millions of lives. In an effort to help the country, they attempted to put the burden of growth upon areas of the country that were already developed, the Basques being one of them. They then invest that money into other areas of the country to speed up growth, which allowed for Spain to have the fastest growing economy in Europe by 1960. It also caused it to have problems that would ultimately lead for the creation of the ETA.