Malcolm Michels Navarro November 15, 2015 HST 111 – Early Modern Europe Thirty Years Wasted The Thirty Years War (1618 – 1648) was a large influence in the pivotal turning point that changed European history for the decades to come. The long, painful war was composed of a series of battles that were primarily fought on German soil with several nations taking part. It was commonly seen to have begun when the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II of Bohemia attempted to restrain other religious activities under his governing body . As a result, Ferdinand sparked a rebellion among Protestants to debunk the old centralized Roman Catholic empire. Religious catastrophes coupled with political struggles sparked the Thirty Years War and would later have severe implications on how Europe would operate politically, religiously and diplomatically. The Thirty Years War, the religious war to end all wars, would be remembered as one of the most significant events in European history. So what exactly sparked the war? “The war began as a conflict between Protestant German princes and the Catholic emperor over religious constitutional issues” and was officially ignited in 1618 with the Defenestration of Prague . The built up religious tension between nations had created some momentum and this act sparked a war. In 1618, members of the predominantly Protestant Behmian legislature threw two imperial officials out of the third story castle window as a protest against the religious policies that
The political/geographic situation in Europe at the beginning of World War I was full of conflict and strife with nations already seeped in rivalry and hatred, bidding for power with military might and seeking to obtain it no matter what the cost or how much human life it would take to attain. Alliances are formed in a amalgamation of shared hatred for equal enemies and desire for power , Europe is abound with chaos. European borders seem to be ever changing like that of a snaking river. Austria-Hungary is full of minorities each vying for its own independence and country. Germany and France have an undying enmity for one another. Russia also hated by the Germans is seeking to protect its interests in the Balkans,while creating alliances with France and England. The continent is as a sleeping volcano waiting to erupt in a violent cataclysm of war and destruction with its epicenter between Serbia and Austria-hungry, pulling each of its respected allies into the First world war. It seems every country has some disposition towards another country over disputes not its own but of its allies. The great powers of Europe came to War after The Archdukes assassination in response to each of its respected allies becoming engulfed in a conflict between the Serbian people and Austrian-hungry nation. With both sides drawings in their alliances made prior to the war initial beginning like a domino effect, reigniting flames on animosity. Germany declaring war on Russia soon after, siding
This war started when the Christians of Western Europe responded to a plea made by Pope Urban II asking for war against the Muslim forces in the Holy Land, Jerusalem. The Christians, Franks, or Crusaders as they are often referred as, started their long journey to take back the Holy Land. They did not have an easy task and they lost many men along the way and they pillaged and looted any city or village in their path. These Crusaders were on a vicious mission and when you look at the death and destruction that
Since the introduction of gunpowder into Europe, it has gone on to dominate warfare into the twentieth century. With the development of the first European guns in the fourteenth century, armies were given use of a weapon which was to radically alter most of the ways of making war which had been established during the Middle Ages, and changes began to be seen within only a few years. It is, however, questionable whether the nature of these early changes constituted a revolution in the methods of war, and even more so whether guns had by 1500 made a great deal of impact on the character of war as it had existed in 1300. In assessing whether a revolution had taken place (or at least whether one was in the process of happening) by 1500, it is
At the end of the Hundred Years’ War, both countries (England & France) had went their own ways & down their own paths. By the end, England would have no major land in Europe, and France was known to be the country to avoid going to war with. England realised that their military wasn’t of a very high standard up against the French, so they strengthened their military by both quality and quantity. In fact, their training program proved to be highly successful and was only caught up to in the late 19th century by the Americans.
The Thirty Years War was an incredibly important event that took place during the 17th century. It caused phenomenally high destruction rates throughout Europe, especially Germany. These battles that make up the Thirty Years Wars were extremely influential towards the European people and governments. The Thirty Years War seemed to have many political factors that fueled its beginning and continuation but the religious factors were more prominent and important to the progression and completion of the war.
In the congressional election coming this November, the Democratic and Republican candidates will be fiercely campaigning for the Fourth District’s seat in the House of Representatives. In the analysis of the electoral race, we will closely examine various aspects of the district including demographics, income and wealth, religious preference, important federal issues in the area, partisanship, and previous voting patterns. New York’s 4th District is located on the eastern portion of the state, near Long Island. It includes the traditionally republican area of Garden City and the towns around it, making the district one out of six congressional districts in New York whose lines fall completely within a single county. Nassau County is famous for containing the “Gold Coast,” the setting of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s world-renowned book, The Great Gatsby (Nassaulandtrust.org). The elections in the fourth district of New York have favored the Democratic Party as of late, but the race is closer than it has been for years; the competitive air surrounding the upcoming election is the result of the district’s many redevelopment projects, the well-received behavior of Republican representatives in local government, the high concentration of wealth in the area, and the 2010 census redistricting and removal of strongly democratic minority precincts (Michael Barone and Chuck McCutcheon 2013).
Peter Hagendorf was a German mercenary for several armies during the Thirty Years’ War. The remnants of his diary chronicle his experiences during the conflict. The diary is linear in form and records events he encountered from 1629 to 1649. His military career enabled him to travel extensively throughout Europe witnessing skirmishes in several countries such as Belgium, France, Germany, and Poland. Peter Hagendorf’s diary and documentation of his numerous exploits is a useful primary source to review the role of law and order in the Thirty Years’ War. His diary reports many acts of lawless behaviour from soldiers and citizens and the crimes they committed such as theft, extortion, arson, terrorism, and implied sexual violence. Throughout the
Changes were happening all over Europe between World War I and World War II, and the book Europe in the Era of Two World Wars highlights a lot of them. Volker Berghahn, the author, discusses how violence escalated all across Europe during this time frame. The book digs into the desires and upsets of countries like Germany, Britain, France, and Russia, during war times more than others I have read do. Economies of each country and the escalading violence are the main focuses of the book. In the following review of Berghahn’s work, Europe in the Era of Two World Wars, I will highlight why the author is qualified to write the book, and survey the strengths and weakness of the information he provided.
The invention of the powerful artillery guns would change man 's role in warring engagements. The artillery guns at first were very limited by their own design. The guns were very heavy and had to be transported by water, which meant that only towns and fortresses that were close to a body of water could be attacked with artillery also known as the cannon. There were also some fortresses that were impervious to the early cannon attacks based on strong designs or natural defenses. The French were able to penetrate the round shaped castles and large walls during the late 1400s by using concentrated fire of several small guns instead of a few large ones.
The Thirty Years War brought a lot of devastation to much of Europe during the early seventeenth century. It was an instinctive conflict between religious views in link about political rule that brought most of Europe that began in 1618 and ended in 1648. The Thirty Years War intrinsically was fought primarily within the Christian community about which denomination that should ruled the Christian empire within Europe; whether Catholics, Lutherans, Protestant, or Calvinists. The parts of the war known as the Bohemian Phase, Danish Phase, the Swedish Intervention, and the French Intervention. Each foreign intervention exceeded after the Bohemian Phase was an attempt to end the war which no avail occurred until
A war that lasted for 116 years, starting before the Black Plague, taking a break during the Plague, and starting again after the Black death ended. A war that went through many kings and started because of bitter rivalries. The One Hundred Years War between England and France was caused by Edward III’s claim to Philip the Fair’s throne, England holding fiefdoms in France, and the Flemish textiles made by the people of Flanders.
Describe a topic, idea, or concept you find so engaging that it makes you lose all track of time. Why does it captivate you? What or who do you turn to when you want to learn more?
The Thirty Years' War was a conflict fought between the years 1618 and 1648, mainly in the Holy Roman Empire but also involving most of the other European countries.
Many things happened in Europe which lead to the outbreak of war. As early as 1872, France lost Alsace and Lorraine on her eastern
It is difficult to determine when the Thirty Years War really began. Ultimately, a culmination of events led to the tension between the countries of the Ottoman Empire. Prior to the war’s beginning on May 23, 1618, Europe was in a state of religious, political, and imperial turmoil. The Lutherans, Catholics, and Calvinists were all competing for religious dominance. Political leaders tried to advocate for their religions in the elections. There was much controversy regarding the new kings of Bohemia and political stress between the Bourbons and the Hapsburgs. War was