The Tragedy Of Florida Native Jeff Bush

• This earthquake may not have released all of the strain stored in its rocks next to the fault this reveals a potential earthquake in the Santa Cruz Mountains in the near future. The occurrence of the earthquake showed that the Earth did not exhaust all its strain and hence other earthquakes could be expected. However, the dates could not be predicted. The extent of the damage could have been much more devastating for the region, but with the earthquake occurring near the coast this made half of the felt area westward in the Pacific Ocean. The occurrence of aftershocks ten days later reinforces the unpredictability nature and hence makes Geology to be a study that is always evolving. In conclusion, the Earth and the study of cannot be exhausted as every natural occurrence provides a new puzzle to be solved.

The mission took the divers through Florida’s karst terrain, which consisted of underground streams, fissures, and caves. Surface waters seep down through the soil and limestone, collecting carbon dioxide along the way which in turn increases the water’s acidity. Once it is able to penetrate the underground system it slowly breaks down the cave systems below, resulting in the rocks ‘Swiss Cheese’ appearance. The direct relationship between surface and groundwater is demonstrated by said appearance, and unfortunately reinforced by the multitude of trash and debris the divers found below the surface, ranging from oil drums to whole barbeque grills. The above

Similar to a cave, a sinkhole begins by acidic water dissolving carbonate bedrock creating an underground void. If the void grows close enough to the surface, the structural integrity of the surface material will eventually give way and a sinkhole is formed. These depressions can range in size from a few square yards to over hundreds of acres. The depth of sinkholes can vary from shallow to hundreds of feet. Although there are nearly 16,000 verified sinkholes in the state, the MGS caution there are a great number which have not been reported or documented. Some sinkholes in Missouri are known to be a depth greater than 100 feet though no exact records concerning depths are maintained. Located in western Boone County, the largest known sinkhole in Missouri covers approximately 700 acres. If a sinkhole does occur, it is recommended that a registered geologist or professional engineer be consulted to assist in the stabilization of the sinkhole. Filling a sinkhole, referred to as remediation, generally consists of removing all soil materials down to the bedrock surface and filling it with size-graded material. Larger rocks should be used first with each successive layer consisting of gradually smaller grained material. Geotextile fabric covered by top soil will allow water

Soluble carbonate rocks under the surface and the collapse of old mines are common causes for sinkholes. Much of Alabama’s land is underlain by limestone, which is vulnerable to dissolution and leads to the formation of caves or sinkholes. The largest sinkhole recorded in the state developed near Calera in 1972 and was 325 feet long, 300 feet wide, and 120 feet deep. Northeast Alabama also suffers from earthquakes due to the state’s proximity to the Southern Appalachian Seismic Zone that runs along the Appalachian Mountains. The largest earthquake recorded occurred October 1916 at a 5.1 magnitude and spanned multiple states. The second largest earthquake in Alabama occurred October 24, 1997 at a 4.9 magnitude. In addition to sinkholes and earthquakes, the state suffers landslides due to rock strength. Most of the state is categorized as argillaceous rocks such as shales, clayey soil, and poorly compacted fills. A few areas are classified as weakly cemented rocks and soils such as sandy soils and poorly cemented sandstone. Though there are clusters of strongly cemented rocks, much of the state is included in the weaker categories. This means that they are more susceptible to landslides when earthquakes occur. (Geological Survey of

Groundwater is one of the most important natural resource in the nation, specifically in the Central Valley. In California, many people are pumping a lot more water because of the California drought and groundwater is a good resource for the farmers to harvest their crops. However, the main issue today is that in the Central Valley is that the land is sinking faster and faster due to the demand of pumping more water from the ground. The ground sinking in California isn’t recent, but it has been going an ongoing issue for over decades. Therefore, the land sinking has background history, but many studies and researchers didn 't take it as a warning until recently, and as a result it has been getting worse. The land sinking occurring in the Central Valley can cause damages to our communities such as bridges and roads cracking and can even go as far as cracking irrigation canals. These damages can cost millions of dollars to recover and rebuilding damages. On the other hand, the ground sinking has already destroyed canal linings, which will cost millions of dollars to repair. With that being the case, imagine all the other damages that the ground sinking will cause and cost to fix them. For these reasons, the state of California needs to start finding possible solutions to prevent the ground sinking from further sinking and to prevent more damages to the Central Valley. Solutions that might include encouraging the community to

What is interesting about this paper is the author’s purpose. It seems as though he is attempting to raise awareness and support geophysics. However, all the points he brings up to discuss he quickly refutes with dangers. This confuses the reader as the article is more intimidating rather than informational. The overwhelming sense of danger associated with each

Initially, earthquakes shape the Earth’s surface by creating mountains and geysers. In the article “Historic Earthquakes,” it reads, “High intensities were observed in the northwest section of Yellowstone National Park. Here, new geysers erupted, and massive slumping caused large cracks in the ground from which steam emitted” (Stover 3). Consequently, when the geo-process of earthquakes occurs, it molds and changes the earth by creating new geothermal

Relationships of rocks and their qualities are apparent ubiquitously and are comparable between Clear Creek a nearby Valley Wall. Comparability between Clear Creek and a nearby Illinois River location also display an ever-present relationship of their discharge. Through USGS, the discharge of streams and springs correlate two water types; karst development.

Kevin Krajick’s article “Tracking Myth to Geological Reality” was published by American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2005. This article examines how many myths can be linked to geological evidence. Geologists have been investigating how ancient geological phenomenon are able to shed light on the origins of many myths. Scientist have even uncovered evidence that may serve as the inspiration for biblical stories. Many are hoping that understanding these myths and the geological phenomenon they depict will reveal important information about natural disasters like: tsunamis, floods and volcanic eruptions. It is hoped that this information will save human lives in the future. With all of these new discoveries it is important to

The Kaibab Limestone is found at top elevations. Limestone is usually found on sea floors, so this to me could mean a transgression.Youngest rock layers are usally laid last and the oldest layers are laid first. This is what they call the principle of superpositioning. Because the layers of rocks are horizontal this follows the principle of original horizontality. Some of the layers on the Colorado plateau are tilted. The tilting of the rock layers created a plateau for the creation of the Colorado river. There is thought to have been some sort of geologic event happen here such as a fault. A fault happens when tectonic plates move as a transform, divergent, convergent boundaries, and either cause a strike slip, normal or reverse fault. Often when this happens there will be brittle deformation of the rocks but because there was no significant alteration of the rocks, questions still arise as to how it actually

Sinkholes are pits in the ground that form where water gathers with no drainage. The water weakens the ground under the surface and any weight on the affected area will collapse the ground.

According to a recent report released by NASA, parts of central California are sinking due to excessive groundwater pumping for agricultural use. This sinking, or “subsidence,” is nothing new, but the recent acceleration is a result of California’s current drought: farmers are forced to rely on groundwater to water their crops, because the rain that has been falling is insufficient. Unfortunately, the water table has sunk so much that the land is sinking with it, and Tom Farr—a NASA researcher and co-author of the report—says that if the fine underground layers of soil and rock that used to contain water are compressed too far, they will lose their ability to retain water at all. The uneven nature of the subsidence also means that the surface

Along with the numerous natural disasters that humans face in their environment, sinkholes are becoming a more prominent and frequent force to reckon with. Sinkholes are not a new phenomenon, but due to human activity, these concavities are becoming increasingly common. If humans continue to abuse underlying aquifer systems then the influx of sinkhole occurrences will rise. Since sinkholes are naturally occurring hydrogeological systems, the only way to minimize damage caused by this detriment is to respect and conserve water. We can counter that the Floridian Aquifer will not deplete anytime soon, but we need to become realistic regarding the impact we apply on this delicate water mechanic. It is easy for humans to misuse their local resources

The extent to which tectonic processes represent a hazard depends upon when and where they are experienced (40)

Mahler & Lynch studied the sediment transport response of springs to two storm events: one following a wet season and the other following a dry season. They describe the temporal changes in total suspended solids (TSS), mineralogy, and particle size distribution. Concentrations of suspended sediment peaked 14 to 16 hours after rainfall, and the bulk of the sediment (approximately 1 metric ton in response to each storm) discharged within 24hour after rainfall. TSS consisted of dolomite, calcite, quartz, and clay. Sediment in karst is detrimental to aquifer permeability, wells, pumps, and spring esthetics. Sediment can act as a vector for nutrients, contaminants, or bacterial transport.