Various organizations exist worldwide that produce different guidelines and policies. In the UK these guidelines are evidence-based guidance and recommendations (Lowson et el.,2015) .same principle is applied for policies. In this essay, we are comparing the UK health care system guidelines and policies with that in Iraq where some guidelines and policies exist, and we are going to describe how these differences are basically on two different extremes.
Healthcare in the UK is provided by the National Health Service NHS. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) was established for developing national guidelines related to, health promotion, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases through the NHS
…show more content…
Monitoring of guidelines implementation in Iraq could significantly improve the health potential.
NHS have published documents for implementation of NICE such as that published by “South Staffordshire and Shropshire health care NHS” which are for implementation procedure (NICE implementation SOP, 2016). Many factors are known to influence successful implementation of guidance, it is often driven by enthusiastic clinicians, but they are unlikely to achieve a forward leap without being supported by organizations. Monitoring of implementation, however, is not NICE responsibility, in fact, it is carried out by the Healthcare Commission and individual organizations (Chidgey, Leng, Lacey .207).A study conducted by Coleman & Nicholl (2001) about Influence of evidence-based guidance on health policy and clinical practice in England, revealed that guidelines were part of the decision making for public health specialists and commissioners than those of consultants or general practitioners.
There are many NHS Guidelines and policies as for drug prescription and interventions. For example, MTX policy published by Portsmouth hospital NHS Trust, such policy was crucial for such a drug regarding the fact that it is immunosuppressant and if care was not taken during drug dispensing, it would expose the patient to overdose risk (PHT Methotrexate policy, 2014). Unfortunately, such MTX
NICE (2014) defines its clinical guidelines as recommendations, which are systematically-developed, on how healthcare professionals should care for a condition or conditions of patient. On the best available evidence, these recommendations are based (NICE 2014). Grol (2010) emphasizes the fact that to improve patient care, efforts are being made on evidence-based guidance, which is one way to do this. NICE guidelines are developed with methodological rigour using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument (Rapu & Matthews 2014). This instrument was designed as to assess, across the spectrum of health, the quality of practice guidelines (Brouwers et al. 2010). Furthermore, it provides guideline development directions and gives information that should be contained in guidelines (Brouwers et al. 2010). Established above, it provides a structure
The National Health System began in 1948 with the aim to provide free health care for the English thus removing health access inequities. This essay considers two strengths of the NHS, being free health and locally responsive health care and two weaknesses being the financial burden and unprecedented pressure on health care resources.
The NSF and NICE create a means by which NHS trusts ensure the provision of quality standards by making NHS employees accountable for setting, maintaining and monitoring standards of care (DoH 1997). The National Institute for clinical excellence was founded in 1999 and consists of a number of specialized organisations: the NHS centre for reviews and dissemination, national prescribing agency, medical devices agency and institutes of public health. All aimed at creating and maintaining national standards through effective management and cost effectiveness, through audits and reviews of health policies. The commission for health improvement (CHI) aims to monitor the delivery of these standards provided by NICE and NSF through national surveys of the patients experience (Freedom D, 2002). This commission (CHI) sets out to review all NHS trusts including community care. Each NHS trust will be visited over three to four years and be reviewed to decide whether or not national standards are being met and NICE guidelines are being adhered to.
Health care systems are different in every country around the world. There are four main components that complete a health care delivery system, described by Shi and Singh (2015) as the quad-function model, which includes insurance, financing, payment and delivery of care (p. 5). Along with the components of the quad-function model it is important to analyze a countries access to care, their health outcomes and how public health is integrated into the health care delivery system. The United States has a unique health care system that is like no other country. Great Britian, in contrast, also has a unique system that is very different than the United States.
Its important to understand that Reports are linked to Legislation and then are linked to relevant Policies.
The NHS and Community Care Act 1990 promotes the right to be cared for in a way that meets their needs and takes account of choices because it provides care that is tailored to the needs of people through an assessment. A detailed care
It has been widely accepted that rationing of the National Health Service (NHS) is paramount to maintaining and balancing public resources. In a utopian world it would be possible to provide every patient with every medical treatment that they would require, however this is not possible and therefore rationing has to be applied by local health authorities. Simply, there are not enough resources and medical staff available to keep up with the ever evolving demands of the public, and once more, these medical resources can’t at times tend to the needs of the medical advancements made every day. Some equipment and medicines are extremely costly and the NHS struggles to balance public budgets in the face of such advancements. One survey of a primary care trust in the NHS found that the panel that made that decision about funding new treatments was faced with applications that would have
NHS is an organization made up of students who regularly demonstrate the four pillars of NHS: Character, Leadership, Scholarship, and Service. Saydel’s chapter of NHS should model outstanding service and leadership within our school and community. Doing so will create a positive environment amongst our community members and students. Utilizing my strong leadership abilities, I believe I can help our chapter of NHS flourish. My strength in organization, self-determination, and ability to engage others will make me a great asset to our NHS
Public health England is an organisation used to “protect and improve the nation’s health and wellbeing and reduce equality’s” (Gov.uk) Mainly they collect data based on the health of the nation they then go away and identify answers to
The Health and Social Care Act 2012 came into force with crucial principles including new structures and arrangements in health care services to safeguard and strengthen the future of NHS and maintain the modernisation plan. In this Act, many new changes has been made to a number of existing Acts, National Health Services Act (NHS 2006), in order to enable health care system to tackle the existing challenges and also avoid any potential crisis in future. It has also introduced the proper allocation of NHS fund and budget, and improved the integrated care between NHS and social care services to promote patients’ choice in terms of delivering quality care.
The National Health Service (NHS) was planned as a three-tier structure. With the Minister of Health at the top and below were the three tiers designed to interact with each other to suit the needs of the patient. These tiers were voluntary and municipal hospitals supervised by Regional hospital boards, family doctors, dentists, opticians and pharmacists who were self-employed professionals contracted to the NHS to provide services so that patients did not pay directly and local health authorities like community clinics that provided services such as immunisations, maternity care and school medical services controlled by a local authority Medical Health. The NHS in England is undergoing some big changes, most of which took effect on April 1 2013. This included the abolition of primary care trusts (PCTs) and strategic health authorities (SHAs), and the introduction of clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) and Health watch England.
This paper outlines the differences between the healthcare systems of the United States and the United Kingdom and expands on what that means for the health and wealth of the citizens of these countries. The U.S. and the U.K. are two different countries with two very different healthcare systems. The U.S. healthcare system is the Affordable Care Act, (ACA) and is the attempt by the U.S. to provide affordable healthcare coverage. he U.K. healthcare system is publicly financed and managed by the National Health Service, (NHS). The U.S. healthcare system is largely private sector whereas the healthcare in the U.K. is public. “The U.S. spends more on health care than any other country in the nation while the U.K. is a country that spends
The healthcare system in the United States and Britain are different and many in ways. The purpose of the healthcare system should be to satisfy the needs and preferences of the individual patient who are ill but many countries have a different approach. One of the biggest differences in the two healthcare systems is that in the U.S healthcare is considered private; on the other hand Great Britain has a universal healthcare system. Healthcare is funded and provided for individuals in many
The National Health Service (NHS) was started in 1948 by Aneurin Bevan, the minister of health at the time. It was based on three core principles that still underpin the NHS today. It was set up to ensure that everyone could have access to healthcare, despite their financial circumstances (NHS 2013a). Although the NHS has achieved what it set out to do, it is now in major financial difficulty, with debt that could reach £1bn by the end of 2014 (Campbell 2014).
In line with the majority of other developed countries, the United Kingdom (UK) has offered its citizens a universal health care system that is free at the point of service. Funded primarily by taxation, the system is popular and efficient. However, along with most other health care systems around the world, it faces a series of challenges if it is to maintain viability, in the twenty-first century. These issues include; long waiting times, an aging population, funding challenges and the increasing cost of technology.