The Umayyad Dynasty in the Period of Islamic History

“O Messenger, announce that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah will protect you from the people. Indeed, Allah does not guide the disbelieving people.” (Quran 5:67) Prophet Muhammad PBUH, was born to a branch of Quraish family. He was born to Abdullah Ibn Abd Al-Muttalib and Amna Bint Wahab in the year 570 C. He received his “call” which is the message from God carried by the angel Gabriel to deliver the truth about God to his people. Prophet Muhammad PBUH, died in the year 632 C due to fever after that the Umma was in the hands of the Caliphate, which was then passed

Starting their empire in 750 C.E., the Abbasids were certain to leave a major impact on the Arab world. The Abbasids had moved the empire’s capital to Baghdad, from Damascus, after gaining control. The empire had spanned across three continents and was drenched with many open ideas, as the empire had been widely involved in trade. Being spanned over such a vast array of land, the Abbasids had many ideas in front of them, and they were capable of drawing out the best of those from the areas in which they had conquered. These ideas were not even from extensive trade routes that they had carved out themselves, but they had just used the ones that were established by the Persians, before the Umayyad Dynasty had taken them over. Through somewhat minimal work, this empire was capable

This document teaches historians about the Islamic Empire under the rule of the Abbasid Empire and how, during al-Ya’qubi’s time, Baghdad was the heart of the huge network the Islamic Empire had created. Al-Ya’qubi lived during the ninth century and his observations on Baghdad in “A New Islamic Dynasty” gave historians more insight into the Islamic World regarding: a) the central role that Baghdad played in the Islamic State during his time, b) Baghdad’s transformation from village to powerful city and c) perceiving how al-Yaqubi’s personal ties to Baghdad affected his observations. Although al-Ya’qubi may have exaggerated when describing some people or events, he certainly highlighted the historical period and society where he lived by mentioning how central and pivotal Baghdad as a city was to the Islamic World both during his time – and, to an extent, for world history as a

HIX: INFLUENCE OF CHINA ISLAMIC EMPIRE: Persia fell under Islam at an early date, especially after the Abbasid dynasty and the founding of it's capital Baghdad. Persian traditions deeply influenced Islamic political and cultural leaders. Persian administrative techniques

The Islamic civilization grew to become such a large empire by making smart decisions and being peaceful and not violet. The civilization thrived and gained more land to expand their empire.

Have you ever wondered how early empires grew so big and were successful? The Muslims expanded their civilization in many ways, which is important because they wanted to spread their religion and expand the empire. The early Islamic Empire expanded by conquering other lands, making people feel comfortable in the territory, as well as keeping their army strong and their citizens loyal.

The Safavid Empire was based in what is today Iran. This Islamic Empire was strong enough to challenge the Ottomans in the west and the Mughals in the east.

From its beginnings within the time of Muhammad around 610, the Islamic Civilization's conquests led to its expansion to Persia and Egypt by 656, and to Africa, Spain, and other parts of Persia by 750. Around the end of 750, the Islamic empire was spread from western Persia, down south, and all the way to Spain. Some major mainsprings that caused such a movement are the following: the conquests of the military and how those who were overcome had the new influence of a Muslim presence in their societies, the aid coming from the government of those nations conquered to help convert to Islam, and the spread of the Islam religion through merchants traveling along trade routes helped in doing so.

The Safavid Empire began in Azerbaijan. The empire continued to expand during Shah Abbas's reign but after his death, the dynasty gradually lost its vigor. At first, Shah Ismail, the founder of the Safavid dynasty, tried to convert members of the Ottoman Empire into Shiites. This resulted in massacre of the Sunni Muslims in 1508. Alarmed, the Ottomans fought back and won a major battle. However, after a few years, Ismail regained the land. Many years later, the Ottomans attacked back and forced the new shah, Abbas, to sign a treaty. It was Abbas who led the Safavids to their highest point. The political and social structure was strong. Senior positions in the bureaucracy were by merit rather than by birth. Religious tolerance was practiced. Abbas hired foreigners from neighboring countries for positions in his government to avoid religious competition. The shahs also took a direct interest in the economy, playing an active part in trade and manufacturing. The artistic excellence was

Abbasid Rule and Civilization. Early Abbasid Islamic rule and civilization began what is often known as the first Golden

After the ruling of the righteous caliph had ended, it resulted to the Umayyads to come in power, which they have changed the transition system of authority, from the status of consensus s to become the heritable body. The Umayyads empire was centered in Damascus, where the usage and spread of the Arabic Language become to be the official dialect across their dominants lands. The usage of the Arabic language as the official dialect revealed the Umayyad as an Arabic empire; thus other Muslims ethnicities were treated as a second social class. Therefore, it conducted to formulate the Shia sect. The Umayyads were accused of betraying the prophet, in which led the Abbasid to replace the Umayyads. The Abbasid comes from the lineal descendants

Sasanian influence was widespread throughout the Islamic world. But it is quite hard to differentiate the earliest Islamic objects from their archetypes in Persian or Sassanid art. And it took a significant amount of times, sometimes even centuries for the majority of the population to convert, including artists, after the Muslim conquest. But even in the objects that were created later on, an effect of the predecessor cultures can be seen. Islamic architecture, especially in places such as Baghdad for example, was based on Persian precedents such as Firouzabad in Persia.

Will the Abbasids rule do better or worse than Umayyads? Or will the Abbasids fall without success? The Umayyads were disfavored by the Muslims because they were more government leaders than religious leaders. In the following paragraphs, the Abbasids’ rise, tactics for expansion, and the fall will be discussed.

The Safavids were the first the first to declare Shia Islam the official religion of Iran, and their interest in Iraq lay in the Shia holy places in central Iraq, and also the fact that Baghdad held significant symbolic value as the seat of the ancient Abbasid Empire. The Ottoman Empire on the other hand was afraid that Shia Islam would spread to Asia Minor, and thus looked to control Iraq as a Sunni-dominated buffer state. During the Ottoman period, the Sunnis were placed in political positions, while the Shias were then shut out of the political process. This divide between the Sunnis and the Shias continued to be more and more of an important element in the Iraqi social structure, and remains an issue even today. It was also during this time period that the Kurdish Baban Dynasty emerged and began to organize resistance to the Ottoman rule in Northern Iraq.

using Ibn Khaldun 's model to explain the history of the Umayyad dynasty and Abbasid dynasty.