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The Use Of Art And The Focal Points

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Established as a military fort, Dura Europos fended off Persian invaders from the Roman Empire. The Persians eventually defeated Dura, however when the city was rediscovered many monuments were found (Tronzo). The most common form of surviving art consisted of paintings found on the interior walls of buildings in Dura. In particular, two buildings were found that had been used as religious meeting places. The first is a “domus ecclesiae” which is Greek for “house” “church” that belonged to the Christian community (Tronzo). The second is a Jewish synagogue that was built in Dura specifically for use by the Jews. Both of these establishments contain paintings that were used for ritual and symbolism, but they differ in a couple key ways: their narrative, their style, and their focus. In particular, this paper seeks to compare the use of art and the focal points (or niche) in the domus ecclesiae and the synagogue. The domus ecclesiae was established around 235 CE. The artist is unknown, but definitely made by Christians. This is evidenced by the location of the murals. These murals lie deep inside a home in Dura Europos, and are not accessible directly from the front. Secco is used in these paintings, and was much easier to use than fresco. This style of painting was cheaper than fresco because it allowed the artist to paint onto dry plaster instead of painting into wet plaster. The style is interesting, because the murals are not lavish (Tronzo). For example, although the

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