The Use Of Cognitive Models

Cognitive Psychology draws the comparison between the human mind and a computer, suggesting that we like the computer process the information we acquire from around us and then react accordingly. Hearnshaw, (1987), claims that Cognitive Psychology is both one of the oldest and also one of the newest parts of Psychology, cited in ?T. Malim?, (1994). Information is collected through our senses i.e. vision, touch, smell etc and then processed through our

Cognitive psychology is a pure science based mainly on laboratory experiments and began to revolutionize psychology in the late 1950’s and early 1960’s and became the dominant approach in psychology by the late 1970’s [ (McLeod, 2007) ] according to Saul McLeod. An example of the cognitive perspective would be when one learns to take blood pressure. First you must learn how to manipulate the blood pressure manometer, learn how to hear blood pressure sounds and understand the meaning of the sounds. As each time you practice these activity, you will gain more confidence and competence in performing the task. The strong point of this perspective is that it mostly uses rigorous scientific methods and the approach has had many practical applications. The weakness of this perspective is that it is to simplistic. It ignores the complexity of the human function, biological influences of the human function and it ignores the emotions, conscious experience and free will.

Though we may not realize it nor want to acknowledge it, Cognitive Psychology is a part of every human 's daily life. Cognitive Psychology is the scientific study of the mind as an information processor. In a simpler definition, it is the study of how our minds interpret and process things that we either are informed of or something we take into thought. Cognitive Psychology is a part of our attention process, language use, our memory for both long and short term, perception, problem solving, creativity, and the way we think. Each of these different features are a part of how we perceive information, think, remember, and use the information we gather. Through this branch of psychology, researchers are able to observe the relationship

In Chapter three I was introduced to the cognitive tool kit. First thing I did was looked up cognitive. I have seen and heard the term before however wanted to ensure I had the correct meaning of the word. Business Dictionary defined cognitive as psychological process involved in acquisition and understanding of knowledge, formation of beliefs, and attitudes, and decision making and problem solving. After reading the definition I came up with my own definition. Cognitive- Having the ability, skills and problem solving ability to respond intelligently as an independent and critical thinker. The cognitive capacities and values fostered by interdisciplinary studies are perspective thinking which is the ability to view a problem from an alternate viewpoint in order to gain a better understanding. The second Interdisciplinary Study capacity that involved is critical thinking. The ability to Analyze, critique and form an educated opinion is something I consider on of my strongest points. The third capacity is integration. Integration allows you to see the finish product of perspective viewing and the critical thinking process. The cognitive capacities and values are reflected in Maya Lin’s work allowed the visitor to place themselves in the solders shoes. Everything was calculated from the mirror reflected granted to the sloping. For those few moments the visitor went back in time and had an emotional attachment to the atmosphere. In Chapter four “The Rise of the

"Cognitive brain functions constitute the ability to work with information in a meaningful way, apply information that has already been gained, perform preferential changes, and the ability for someone to change opinions about that information" (Cognitive Brain Function, 2016). Psychology teaches the theory that cognitive brain function are formed from human memories and affect how much information is taken in by the human being. Cognitive functionality has also been associated with the function related intelligence, mind, and ability to learn. This functionality of the brain sets the limits for a human to understand, comprehend, and apply their own thoughts to an idea to absorb it into their memory storage. By being able to perform these functions, a person is able to plan and organize their thoughts accordingly.

This article is relevant to both GLM and RNR in that it tries to explain the role of each model in the treatment and management of sex offenders. The authors started off by quoting Andrews and Bonta, 1998 while trying to inform the readers that “for the past 40 years, has been based on RNR approach…..(Megan Schaffer, Elizabeth L. Jeglic, John Jay College and Aviva Moster, p.1). The authors continue to explain that both models, the GLM and the RNR, utilize the Cognitive Behavioral therapy ( CBT) techniques for the treatment of sex offenders. While agreeing with the fact that both GLM and the RNR have a lot in common when it comes in terms to sex offenders management and treatment, the authors, in what seem an attempt to highlight the relevance

The main point of the article is how to include assessments into a career counseling session when clients are making decisions. The article strongly supports using assessments by showing only the benefits of using assessments. This is unlike the textbook that shows that some counselors see using assessments labels clients and that there is cultural bias. Like the textbook, it supports the idea the counselors have to select the assessment based on the client's needs. The article uses the Cognitive Information Processing Model (CIP), a seven- step process on how to use assessments to help the client. The steps include the preliminary interview, preliminary assessment, defining the problem and analyzing the cause, forming goals, developing a learning plan, executing the learning plan, and summative review and generalization. In the CIP model, this happens in the second step, the preliminary assessment. Unlike the textbook, the article describes screening assessments. These assessments are used gather information on the client's career problems, the level of readiness, and factor's impacting career decisions. These assessments seem to be another way to better understand the mind state of the client.

The abnormal psychology model that I am choosing to write about is the Biological Model along with behavioral-cognitive model. Why? I believe it plays a key part in diagnosing an individual not only with a mental disorder but any for that matter. As well how psychology has come so far from performing lobotomies and trephinations to cure a person from their disorder to now prescribing medications to deal with the disorders. But at the same time we need for example the behavioral-cognitive model to help with treatments other than just medication.

     Theorists claim that our cognitive processes are like that of a computer. They have used this as a model to break down the process of the

There are several models of abnormality in use today (Comer, 2009) lists “The Biological Model…”, “The Psychodynamic Model…”, The Behavioral Model…”, The Cognitive Model…”, The Humanistic-Existential Model…”, The Sociocultural Model…” (p.33). The biggest contrasts would be the Biological model, and the other models. Comparing the biological model, and the cognitive model will highlight those differences.

Cognition refers to the process in which people are able to acquire and comprehend various forms of knowledge through their thoughts, experiences and use of their sensory systems. This process of cognition is in itself takes various processes. It must be said as early as now that the ultimate result of cognition processes is to result in one learning. The cognitive processes are started by one having to pay attention. This

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) was created by Aaron Beck, a professor in psychiatry in the 1960’s (Beck, 2011). Initially, Beck sought out to prove the psychoanalytic idea that depression stemmed from anger towards oneself (Beck, 2011). However, during his research he found that misleading thoughts and beliefs were the reasoning behind depression. Beck theorized that one’s current feelings about something are derived from an initial encounter that gave meaning to that specific event. So, negative feelings about a particular occurrence can be a result of misinformation (Beck & Greenberg, 1984).

* Developments in computer science would lead to parallels being drawn between human thought and the computational functionality of computers, opening entirely new areas of psychological thought. Allen Newell and Herbert Simon spent years developing the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) and later worked with cognitive psychologists regarding the implications of AI. The effective result was more of a framework conceptualization of mental functions with

The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on cognitive psychology is an extremely interesting and relevant idea. New trends in technology and the explosion of new devices that think and learn allow cognitive psychologists the opportunity to examine some process and simulations executed by AI under constructed conditions (Sternberg, 2006). Also psychologists can utilize AI to test and develop theories and methods that would not be practical in real time. Further, AI allows cognitive psychology the opportunity to expand on cognitive theories as computers are available to overcome the limitations of human thinking. The use of AI is also practical in supporting individuals who may have barriers to learning or handicapping conditions that make learning and knowledge retention difficult. In my classroom

“Cognitive psychology is a modern approach to the study of [processes by which people come to understand the world- such processes as memory, learning, comprehending language, problem solving, and creativity. Cognitive psychology has been influenced by developments in language, computer science, and of course, earlier work in philosophy and psychology” – Hayes (cited by Lundin)