History
The first established principle of thermodynamics (which eventually became the Second Law) was formulated by Sadi Carnot in 1824. By 1860, as found in the works of those such as Rudolf Clausius and William Thomson, there were two established "principles" of thermodynamics, the first principle and the second principle. As the years passed, these principles turned into "laws." By 1873, for example, thermodynamicist Josiah Willard Gibbs, in his “Graphical Methods in the Thermodynamics of Fluids”, clearly stated that there were two absolute laws of thermodynamics, a first law and a second law.
Over the last 80 years or so, occasionally, various writers have suggested adding Laws, but none of them have been widely accepted.
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At present, it is unquestioned.
[edit] Second law
Main article: Second law of thermodynamics
The entropy of an isolated system not in equilibrium will tend to increase over time, approaching a maximum value at equilibrium.
In a simple manner, the second law states that "energy systems have a tendency to increase their entropy" rather than decrease it.
A pithy summation of the Second Law would be "You Can't Even Break Even".
A way of looking at the second law for non-scientists is to look at entropy as a measure of chaos. So, for example, a broken cup has less order and more chaos than an intact one. Likewise, solid crystals, the most organized form of matter, have very low entropy values; and gases, which are highly disorganized, have high entropy values.
The entropy of a thermally isolated macroscopic system never decreases (see Maxwell's demon). However, a microscopic system may exhibit fluctuations of entropy opposite to that dictated by the Second Law (see Fluctuation Theorem). In fact, the mathematical proof of the Fluctuation Theorem from time-reversible dynamics and the Axiom of Causality constitutes a proof of the Second Law. In a logical sense the Second Law thus ceases to be a "Law" of physics and instead becomes a theorem which is valid for large systems or long times.
The first and second law can be combined to yield the Fundamental Thermodynamic Relation:
dE = TdS - pdV\,
These laws do differ from present day laws but do not steer away from the big picture. The laws I created both relate to how everyone is treated equally in a society as well as that everyone must contribute to keeping society at a level where everyone is happy and comfortable. My laws are not complex enough to hold a society or country for a long period of time but get the job done in a case of emergency (just like the Agawa Canyon disaster).
The law, conservation of energy states that the total amount of energy within a system remains constant at all times, although energy within the system can be changed from one form to another. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed. The law of conservation of energy states that when energy is being used, it’s not being used up instead it’s being transformed from
Laws in general are thought up in order to maintain order in our society. Over time, it has
Entropy – A measure of how dispersed the energy in a system is at a specific temperature (S)
The law of thermodynamics in can predict the direction of chemical reactions and changes in substances
According to the excerpt "Entropy" which was taken from K.C Coles essay, the main point is that everything in the universe eventually moves from order to disorder. In lines 5-6, it is stated that: "Unlike almost every other physical property (motion, gravity, energy), entropy does not work both ways. It can only increase. Once it's created it can never be destroyed. The road to disorder is a one way street." This is basically referring to the idea that entropy isn't necessarily a positive thing, yet its inevitable. This means that certain things most people wouldn't want in life, such as aging for example, is prone to have a negative affect on you, but it's something you have no control over.
One law states that the greater the surface area that an objects has, the greater the temperature it has. Another law states that the greater the temperature, the shorter the wavelength an object has.
Entropy is a term used to describe a force that is present in all family systems. If the system is lacking a sufficient amount of social exchange, the family relationship tends to weaken and breakdown. Melanie and Jake are a perfect example of entropy. They
According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, entropy can be defined as “the degree of disorder or uncertainty in a system.” In his novel, The Crying of Lot 49, Thomas Pynchon manipulates the definition of the scientific term “entropy” to manifest the innate chaos and disorder in both a closed thermodynamic system and in the life of the protagonist: Oedipa Maas. In the novel, Oedipa Maas explores entropy with respect to the thermodynamic sorting of molecules in Maxwell’s Demon, and the communication information regarding the “Tristero”. According to Warren Weaver’s, Recent Contributions to The Mathematical Theory of Communication, there are technical, semantic, and effectiveness problems that may distort the accuracy of communication,
The second law of thermodynamics states that mechanical work can be derived from a body only when that body interacts with another at a lower temperature, any spontaneous process results in an increase of entropy. In the play Arcadia, the author Tom Stoppard supports a literary explication of the second law of thermodynamics through his use of setting: times and place, stage properties, characterization, and the relationships between characters through his own unique use of time. “When you stir your rice pudding, Sepitmus, the spoonful of jam spreads itself round making red trails like the picture of a meteor in my astronomical atlas. But if you stir backward, the jam will not come together again. Indeed, the pudding
Broadly speaking, entropy refers both to the level of disorder and uncertainty in a system.The concept originates from thermodynamics, where it is used to describe the thermal energy in heat engine that is unavailable to be converted into work (i.e. transferred through a change in form or location).The second law of thermodynamics stipulates that within a self-contained system like a heat engine, the aggregate measure of entropy must remain the same or increase over time because with no external energy inputs, the system’s net energy flow gradually subsides as the gaps between its higher and lower energy particles decrease through the transfer of heat as they interact. This diminishing gap between particle energy levels, denoted in part by a stabilization in temperature and phase state (e.g. solid, liquid, or gas), reflects the system’s progression towards a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, or maximum entropy, where particles regress into towards a uniform set of characteristics and inertness as the net energy flow grows infinitesimal. In moving towards equilibrium the system also becomes increasingly disordered because in losing their distinctiveness particles become fungible, rendering attempts to impose order and coherence on the system by drawing relations and distinctions between
The second law of thermodynamics states: Natural processes go in a direction that increases the total entropy of the universe. Entropy is a measure of randomness. The more ordered a system is, the less
The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy will increase over a period of time, meaning that something will slowly decay. In fact this would greatly disprove evolution. Evolutionists are saying that the natural world went from disorder to order. It’s like a tornado going through a car body shop and creating a car. Evolution says the earth is evolving. getting better, but ironically thermodynamics says the earth is supposed to be breaking down. So if God had created the earth it would have been from something perfect and we are slowly falling apart, gradually decaying.
Our knowledge of the universe is still negligible, and we can not confidently assert that the universe is not under the influence of external forces, or may be considered as a thermodynamic system. However, it is the concept of heat death was the first step to realize the possible finiteness of the Universe, although we do not know when and on what scenario will happen of its destruction.
The law states that the entropy, that is, the disorder, of an isolated system can never decrease. For example, it entails, that unless work is don’t, heat cannot be transferred from a region at a lower temperature to one at a higher temperature. A machine that would do work like that while violating the second law is called a “perpetual-motion machine of the second kind”, since, for example, it could draw energy continually from a cold environment to so work in a hot environment at no cost. However, since perpetual-motion machines are said not to be impossible to create, then a white hole is also possible to create, or o already be in existence.