Now-a-days Wireless communication is a part and parcel of our daily life. Underwater Wireless Communications is one of them. Many researches have been done since last two decade and still going on for getting more economy. The world’s oceans, sea, river etc has grab the 2/3 part of this earth. So, wireless information transmission underwater bears great significant.
Goal
Thesis Outline
There are 3 major part of this thesis given below:
First part consist background of underwater communication, various options of underwater communication, underwater channel as most challenging channels.
The second part consist OFDM implementation for underwater communication including basic principle of OFDM.
The third part consist the simulation…show more content…
For wireless underwater communication, there are several means such as radio waves, optical waves and acoustics.
Radio waves:
Radio wave has extra low frequency (30 Hz–300 Hz) and it works well to propagate any distance in sea water. But, for its low frequency, it is needed high transmission power and large antennas.
Optical waves:
An optical wave for wireless communication has big advantage as it exceed 1 Giga bps. It can’t cross water boundary easily, suffers from severe absorption and scattering suspending particles and planktons is significant • Moderate link range (up to tens of meters).
Acoustics:
.As underwater acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving message below water but there are some main limitations and challenges like time variations of the channel, available bandwidth (small), signal attenuation (strong), multi path propagation, under water communication is difficult – especially for long distances.
Attenuation of Acoustic Propagation
Absorption is one of the draw backs for underwater acoustic channel caused by the water viscosity, which depends on temperature and salinity (for larger frequencies), and the chemical composition of the seawater (for
- Better Essays
65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 1
- 47256 Words
- 190 Pages
BUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 APPLICATION SECOND EDITION E S S AY S APPLICATION BUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 ECSNS A IYI O N S SE O D ED T With Analysis by the Staff of The Harbus, the Harvard Business School Newspaper ST. MARTIN’S GRIFFIN NEW YORK 65 SUCCESSFUL HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL APPLICATION ESSAYS, SECOND EDITION. Copyright © 2009 byThe Harbus News Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America
- 47256 Words
- 190 Pages
Better Essays - Decent Essays
Reading Comprehension Case Study
- 14945 Words
- 60 Pages
Case Study: “Lucy” Amanda M. Cyprowski Assessment & Instruction in Reading Mrs. Jennifer Unger December 4, 2013 CONTENT OF ANALYSIS Personal Interest Survey Pages 3-5 Elementary Reading Attitude Survey Pages 6-9 Words Their Way: Primary Spelling Inventory Pages 10-13 Burns & Roe: Informal Reading Inventory Graded Word Lists Pages 14-17 Oral Reading Passages Pages 18-23 Silent Reading Passages Pages 24-29 Listening Comprehension Passages
- 14945 Words
- 60 Pages
Decent Essays