Third Bedroom Observation Report

What remains unknown is why electroconvulsive therapy is effective. A plethora of studies show the neurochemical correlates of this treatment and its relation to the anti-depressant effect, yet none are conclusive. Richard Abrams has studied ECT for years and discusses a wide variety of reasons for its effectiveness in his revised edition of Electroconvulsive Therapy. For a person who has studied this treatment for 50 years, he concludes

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On 03/25/2015, at approximately 1214 hours, your affiant was dispatched via radio by Schuylkill County communication center to 209 East Centre Street for a break and enter into a structure.

When ECT “hit” the medical scene in the 40s and 50s, it was unsafe and gruesome (Dahl, 2008). Treatment was often performed while the patient was awake, and their convulsions were not controlled at all – they were often strong enough to break bones. ECT hit its peak in the 1960s when three tenths of a million US citizens underwent the therapy yearly (Dahl, 2008). At that point, however, it was still “absolutely a cruel procedure” (Dahl, 2008). It is still yet to recover from its ghastly past, the general public still thinks of ECT as how it was portrayed in One Flew Over the Coocoo's Nest, and more recently, Requiem for a Dream (Fitzgerald, 2011). A psychiatrist summed up the current status of ECT very well saying, “Quite frankly, the stigma pushes people away from it, and it pushes some psychiatrists away from even recommending ECT, but most of the stigma related to ECT really is related to misconception” (Dahl, 2008).

After researching electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), I have decided that if a close family member or even myself were severely depressed I would not support the use of ECT. Electroconvulsive therapy consists of an electrical shock, which is used to produce a seizure. Many people experience seizures due to some other type of illness or illnesses, and in these cases there is medicine taken in order to prevent these occurrences. In deciding my opinion on the topic of ECT I asked myself would I want to put myself or a loved one through what others are trying to avoid; a seizure. Although ECT has proven to be effective in some cases of depression, it has many risk factors involved and it does not ensure a lifetime with out the reoccurrence of

I gathered information from Terrence G by interacting and by asking series of questions. In addition, I asked his mother Nicole G questions that Terrance did not know the answer to. The interview took place in the living room of their home Saturday afternoon. I spent an hour observing the participant.

This painting is very colorful and uses warm colors to make things blend together nicely. The trees are very upright and seem to be old. The leaves are turning colors to orange and yellows. Then below the trees on the path there are rocks that are quite large in comparison to the trees. surrounding the rocks is dirt and little green trees poking out. The barren tree trunks are making the pictures focus point start at the bottom and making its way to the top. There is a very dark green pine tree behind the brown tree trunk. The lines in this painting are mainly going straight up and down but there is also a ton going horizontal and diagonal. The brush strokes are very even and not easily spotted. While the artist made the sky overcast with a cream color paint, there are no shadows created by the objects in the painting. In the background to the left there is a mountain that is darker than the other

This research was conducted to determine the impact of pharmacological treatment and whether electroconvulsive therapy as an alternative to patients whose suicidal symptoms did not improve with the use of medication treatment. During this experiment, researchers observed if there were any pharmacotherapy treatments that increased the risk for rehospitalization or suicide with the use of electroconvulsive therapy. Researchers measured factors such as: rehospitalization of patients, suicide attempts, or death. In total, the study showed the effectiveness of ECT alone and ECT along with pharmacotherapy on patients that have not shown effect with pharmacotherapy itself.

When researching modern literature, one clearly sees there are still some consequences that sometimes occur with administration of the electroconvulsive therapy. This clearly proves that there are many who believe ECT is generally unsafe in nature. One of the arguments here is the high risk of relapse and recurrence

In this article published in Journal of Mental Health, Lauren Rayner, with the help of her colleagues study the consent process of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and the side effects that come with the therapy. Electroconvulsive therapy is used to help people with certain mental illnesses such as severe depression, mania, catatonia, and schizophrenia. This therapy is the process of which electric currents pass through the brain intentionally causing a quick seizure. This seizure causes changes to happen within the brain that can quickly reverse symptoms of some mental disorders. Electroconvulsive therapy has a very bad connotation behind it. It is portrayed in the media as inhumane and leaves a negative impression. Patients post electroconvulsive therapy complain about cognitive impairment. According to the article a patient-centered approach will help inform others about the treatment and policy procedures of electroconvulsive therapy. Researchers conducted studies that helped understand the perspectives of patients that receive the therapy.

Research by Kellner et al. has also shown how ETC can be effective for behavioural disorders, but in this case, for severe depression. Kellner defends this treatment explaining that many controversies have arose regarding ECT because of misrepresentations of it in the media and lack of knowledge of the logistics of its mechanisms. Patient, "Ms. A.", a 72-year-old woman became seriously depressed and was not responding to any psychotherapy or drugs pertaining to clinical depression. She was barely able to function properly, and after a course of eight ECT sessions of "unilateral ultrabrief pulse treatments", her score on the Hamilton Depression Rating scale, ranked out of 24, went from 38 to 6. She was soon able to continue her usual daily activities (Kellner, 2012, p. 1-2). Miss. A's results from ETC showed that this method of treatment greatly improved her previously severe depression. Depression can lead to attempts at suicide as well as self-harming ones' self, so extreme punitive treatments are better to pursue than allowing the chance of a patient taking ones' own life.(Feldman 1990, p. 263). It is emphasized that consent of patients that are legally incompetent for medical decision making should have a legal guardian to decide for them (Kellner 2012, p. 5). Thus, ETC has shown to be

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Electroconvulsive therapy or also known as ECT are electric current or shocks firing in the human brain to cause a small seizure. The seizure can affect or change the brain activity into a positive way; it can reduce the symptoms of the illness the patient might be experiencing. ECT is usually used as a last resort of treatment for most people, because there’s a risk the treatment might not work or it causes severe side effects. For this reason, the treatment is only for people who have severe mental illnesses and that are nonresponsive to pharmacotherapy or psychoanalytic therapy.

In this text it discusses how electroconvulsive therapy was developed. It also discusses what other forms of electroconvulsive therapy was tried and failed. This book was written by four psychologists who have a medical degree and all have collaborated with each other to produce this manual for other psychologist to use. All four authors are doctors who are associates at the Duke University Medical Center that practice medicine in the behavioral and psychiatric field.

For the purpose of this assignment the experience of attending Electro-Convulsive Therapy will be discussed. It will include rationale for the procedure, an account of the procedure and the student nurses reflection on the experience using Gibbs’ model of reflection (Jasper 2003). Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a medical treatment for severe mental illness in which a small, carefully controlled amount of electricity is introduced into the brain. This electrical stimulation, used in conjunction with anaesthesia and muscle relaxant medications, produces a mild generalised seizure or convulsion (Mankad et al 2010).