Three Mile Island Anthropogenic Environmental Disasters Case Study

realize that the plant was having an accident with the coolant level. The tubes holding the nuclear fuel began to melt since they became over heated which also caused fuel pellets to melt. Even though this was the most dangerous kind of nuclear accident, the radiation did not reach outside of the containment building nor did it release out into the environment. There were no immediate injuries or deaths reported from the raditation to the faculty workers.

When the earthquake forced the reactors into shutdown, the cooling systems were overloaded with pressure. The site could no longer create its own power and the cooling systems relied merely off backup generators.

* The electrical supply to the reactors water pumps was reduced as a result of the experiment, reducing the amount of cooling water passing through the reactor.

Summer march 28, 1979 reactor number 1 was shutdown for refueling while reactor number 2 was running at 97% power. The problem which caused the main event to follow was a blockage in the filtration system, the filtration was normally cleaned with air pressure. When the air pressure wasn’t working they decided just to use the force of the water. The force of the water caused a valve to leak which then caused the feed water and booster pumps to turn off. This stopped the whole process of the nuclear reactor, with that happened the steam in the reactor had nowhere to go with the decay heat increasing. All this caused

On March 28, 1979 in the early morning hours, mechanical and human errors started taking place in reactor number 2. Electrical failures eventually led to water pumps failing. This is one of the worst case scenarios do to the fact that the pumps are the only way to get water into the reactor to keep it cool. In conclusion, without any water reaching

The disaster took place on April 1986, and was caused by inexperienced staff. When the power plant had to undergo a special test, to make sure that sufficient amount of cooling water would be supplied to the reactor in case of a power outage. However, the test had been delayed, because the national grid required the power output more than the expected time. Hence, the test was postponed after midnight where the night shift had to come. The night shift had little experience about such a test as most of them were electrical engineers rather than nuclear. On the other hand, the night shift had to perform the test before the grid needed the power again, otherwise they would have all been fined or fired. Consequently, lead to an unnecessary pressure on the personnel, which in turn increased the probability of making incorrect

Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant consists of two nuclear reactors. The second reactor is a pressurized water (PWR) type with 2700 MW power generation capacity. It was put online a year before the accident happened on March 28, 1979. The event started when a high pressure starts to increase inside the reactor, causing a pressure relief valve to open. The valve stuck open causing loss of steam and water from the reactor primary system. The operator unaware of the stuck valve was misled by the high water level in the pressurizer shown in figure 3 and shut down the cooling water system. Consequently, the water in the reactor boiled away and reactor core overheated and partially melted. Hydrogen was produced as a result and exploded, but luckily

control rods. The reactor still produces heat with the control rods in, so the heat continued

There are currently over 435 commercial nuclear power reactors operable in 31 countries, and about 70 more reactors are under construction. According to World Nuclear Organization, fourteen of them have been classified as accidents where the public has been exposed to large amounts of radiation. The most devastating of these incidents was the core meltdown of reactor 4 at Chernobyl, better known as the Chernobyl disaster. Today, I am going to tell three things about the Chernobyl. First, I am going to tell you what the Chernobyl disaster was. Second, why the explosion happened. Lastly, what the Chernobyl was after the explosion.

Steam accumulated inside the reactor was no more utilized by the turbine and there was a spike in temperature of the nucleus of the reactor. Indeed, even the helper pumps were closed down for cleaning and this was the reason as why there was no water in the plant’s reactor. The engineers in the controller room quickly close the auto safety valve, however the administrators didn't understand that the help valve was blocked and it was not shut. They imagined that the core is protected by looking at the marker of emergency assistance valve in the controller room. Here the mishap happens, the administrators by eluding the pointer missed to weigh the genuine issue in the reactor. Because of the opening of emergency assistance valve, the cool water in the reactor spilled out through valve and this heated the plant and made reactor hotter. The water dripped from the open valve spilled into an adjacent building discharging radioactive gasses. Following a few hours' main pumps was worked to put water in the reactor and the reactor started to cool down. Later it came to realize that hydrogen air pockets were shaped on the interior of the plant. If it is exposed to the air, an expansive blast can happen and resulting in many deaths in Three Mile

Fukushima NPP consist of 6 reactors and those reactors are boiling water reactors (BWR). Heat in the core is produced by fission reaction. Water removes heat from the core and turns it into steam. Steam go through a turbine and drives the generator. Eventually, electricity is produced. Afterwards, steam is condensed by the cooling system that uses seawater and it goes back to the core.

On April 26 1986, the fourth unit of 4 of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was to close down for a schedule maintenance check. During this operation, a test was decided to experiment the capability of the equipment to establish enough power to operate the reactor core cooling system. This

his led to the melting of the fuel and a drastic increase in radioactivity within the reactor coolant.This also resulted in leaks in the coolant system, which led to small amounts of radiation escaping into the environment.[7]

Nevertheless, their attempts to cool the reactor failed due to a malfunctioned cooling system that had a possible blockage in the water supply piping or a valve failure. The temperature and pressure inside the reactor began to rise uncontrollably in a runaway chemical reaction. Inside the reactor the pressure was still, increasing reaching 400 pounds per square inch and boosting the rupture disc. A good example of what was happening is to compare it to a tea kettle on the stove. As steam and heats up within the kettle, it looks for an opening to relieve pressure. When the steam finds that opening it begins to make the whistling sound which gets louder and louder as the water continues to heat up and the steam escapes the kettle more quickly.

Many critics argue that due to the Three Mile Island nuclear incident that occurred March 28, 1979, in Pennsylvania resulted in a reactor meltdown, with no casualties due to a combination of equipment failure and a lack of operators understanding what to do to a faulty reactor. This incident has put the majority public to have safety concerns over not only the operators working in the plants but also the civilians in the surrounding area. Yet since the accident, the United States formed the National Academy for Nuclear Training to improve training the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations which reviews and accredits nuclear utilities’ training programs for all key positions at each plant. In addition, nuclear energy plants have proven the ability to produce clean electricity without greenhouse gas emissions and the reliability due to its increased efficiency and increased power output.