For nearly half a century ultrasound has been used in the clinical setting for medical diagnosis. It is the most common imaging modality of obstetrics and gynecology and to this day, there has been no evidence showing harmful effects of ultrasound at the clinical exposure levels. There has been research into the possible biological effects of ultrasound and while ultrasound is still generally seen as a safer form of diagnostic imaging, it is still important to understand what those biological effects are. Understanding the bioeffects of ultrasound will allow the user to know under what conditions ultrasound remains bioeffect free, and what the sonographer can do to keep ultrasound safe for the patient. This paper will go over the bioeffects …show more content…
Non thermal bioeffects include cavitation. Cavitation may be the most important non-thermal bio-effect and deals with the formation and sometimes collapse of bubbles in ultrasound. Cavitation is then divided into two different types: Stable cavitation and transient cavitation. Stable cavitation occurs at lower MI levels and the bubbles that for may expand but do not burst. Transient cavitation occurs with higher MI levels and the bubbles where the bubbles can form, grow rapidly, and then collapse giving off a lot of heat and pressure changes. The amount of pressure given off can physically damage cells in the area of the collapse. There are two places where you see cavitation in ultrasound. Naturally occurring gas bodies are those seen in lungs or bowel; “The outputs of some currently available diagnostic ultrasound devices can generate levels that produce capillary hemorrhage in the lungs and intestines of laboratory animals. “ (AIUM, 2015). For this reason, it is important to pay attention to the mechanical index show on the machine. The minimum threshold value of the experimental MI (the in situ value of the peak rarefactional pressure amplitude divided by the square root of the frequency) for pulmonary capillary hemorrhage in laboratory mammals is approximately 0.4. The corresponding threshold for the intestine is MI = 1.4. (AIUM,
Diagnostic Medical Sonography is a career that falls within the medical and health field. Diagnostic medical sonographers utilize machinery known as sonographic scanners. These scanners create images of the patient's internal organs. There are a few other names that this specific career may be referred to as, which are Ultrasound Tech and/or Medical Imaging. Although though there are advancement possibilities, there are pros and cons about the career. The work environment may be difficult, and differential diagnosis is found within sonography. There is a lot of time and dedication needed as well as important information to know and understand about the career before deciding whether or not this is the chosen path that will be taken. I have decided that DMS is the career I want to be successful in because I have always had the interest of becoming a prenatal sonographer. I love working with people and I also wouldn’t mind being the person that could potentially save someone else’s life by
Being able to identify lumps, swelling, tissue damage, cysts, and the overwhelming news of the sex of a baby all have something in common, an ultrasound. Swelling of the spleen, kidney stones, blood clots, aneurysms, cancer and so much more can be identified through the works of an ultrasound’s imaging technique. Ultrasound involves many concepts, procedures, and careers. The amount of medical possibilities involved with ultrasounds is useful in major medical diagnostics. The field of ultrasounds and career opportunities are widely growing. As medical careers flourish, needs for technicians in many fields of medicine are increasing. Instead of a doctor choosing complex and risky surgery to find out problems within the body, they can now
Most ultrasounds are done using a transducer on the surface of the skin. Sometimes, however, doctors and technicians can get a better diagnostic image by inserting a special transducer into one of the body's natural openings
Another form of imaging is ultrasound. Ultrasound, which uses very high frequency sound, is directed into the body. And because the tissue interference's reflect sound, doctors are able to produce, by use of a computer, a photograph or moving image on a television. Ultrasound has many application uses on the body, but is more commonly used in examinations of the fetus during pregnancy, because use of radiation may affect the outcome of the baby. Some other practices for ultrasound include examination of the arteries, heart, pancreas, urinary system, ovaries, brain, and spinal cord. And because sound travels well through fluids it is a very useful technique for diagnosing cysts( which are filled with fluid), and fluid filled structures such as the bladder. And since sound is absorbed by air and bone it is impossible to use a ultrasound on bones or lungs.
Sonography is a non-invasive medical procedure that uses the echoes of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of internal organs or body structures. The employment rate is is expected to grow 26 percent from 2014 to 2024. Since ultrasound is non-invasive, it is more encouraged than other methods so the career is always in demand. Diagnostic medical sonographers duties are to prepare and maintain diagnostic imaging equipment, taking a patients medical history, answering questions about the procedure, operating the equipment, review images and test results, know the difference between normal and abnormal images, analyze diagnostic information, record findings, and keep track of patient records. Hospitals, offices of physicians, medical
Dr. Fox is an emergency physician at UCI Medical Center, treating and diagnosing patients using an ultrasound. His scope of research involves looking at patients’ internal organs via ultrasound, which is much quicker and less harmful than using x-ray scans that are traditionally used in emergency departments. He is also a part of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (“Faculty and Staff”). Dr. Fox is also a director of instructional ultrasound and is the assistant dean at the UCI School of Medicine (“John Christian Fox”). He started an ultrasound rotation at the UCI School of Medicine, and with a grant given by SonoSite, Inc., the ultrasound curriculum is now embedded within the UCI School of Medicine curriculum (“Faculty and Staff”). He went to Tufts University School of Medicine, receiving his MD in 1997 (“John Christian Fox”). His main research focus is to try to incorporate ultrasound more into the emergency department, and tries to find revolutionary ways to utilize ultrasound, especially because it is very cost-efficient and images are seen real-time, unlike MRI scans or x-rays, which can emit harmful radiation or results take much longer to acquire. Eric Viquez is one of the Bio 199/EMRAP (Emergency Medicine Research Associates Program) students in Dr. Fox’s ultrasound lab. He is currently a 4th year undergraduate biological sciences major who is going to medical school in the fall; he shadows shifts with Dr. Fox and
Diagnostic medical sonography is a profession where sonographers direct high-frequency sound waves into a patient’s body through the use of specific equipment to diagnose or monitor a patient’s medical condition. As described by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, this examination is referred to as an ultrasound, sonogram, or echocardiogram. The high-frequency sound waves emitted from the handheld device, called a transducer, bounce back creating an echo and therefore produce an image that can be viewed on the sonographers computer screen. This image provides the sonographer and physician with an internal image of the patient’s body that will be used in the diagnosis. The most familiar use of ultrasound is used in monitoring pregnancies
Over the last few years ultrasound technicians as a career has upgraded a lot because of the advancements in the technology. We have learned besides seeing what is going on inside the body we can use the sound waves, that ultrasound technology used to produce the image, to provide therapy to correct a problem which Emma Lloyd talks about in her article Benefits of
Sonography is non-invasive. A sonographer uses equipment that directs high-frequency sound waves to body organs and tissue to generate medical diagnostic images. It does not use radiation and is expected to grow in a professional manor and as a tool used by physicians. This is also a way for many individuals to use non-invasive technology to help assist in diagnostics.
Sonography utilizes sound waves to generate an image that can be analyzed to determine or rule out a diagnosis. Ultrasound or ultrasonography is a medical imaging technique that uses high frequency sound waves. It is a high pitch frequency that cannot be heard by the human ear. A diagnostic medical sonographer works directly with patients in a dimly lit room with imaging machines. The sonographer gets the medical history of the patient and prepares the patient for an ultrasound examination. The sonographer explains the noninvasive procedure and answers any question the patient might have. The sonographer positions the patient and covers the patient only exposing the area needed for the procedure. The sonographer
Gill, R., 2012. The physics and technology of diagnostic ultrasound: a practitioner's guide. Abbotsford, N.S.W.: High Frequency Publishing.
Ultrasound, i.e. sound waves of frequency higher than 15-20 kHz, can cause inactivation of cell; besides ultrasound at
Liver elasticity is expressed by Kilopascal (Kpa) unit. This elasticity is assessed by measuring the speed of transmission of ultrasound based on the principle that the speed of transmission of audible vibrations generated from a probe and pass through the hepatic tissue becomes more fast when there is liver fibrogenesis. Value of 15 kilopascal (kPa) was a significant separation
How it works: Ultrasound is a sound wave with a frequency used in diagnostic radiology is in the range of approximately 1 to 10 megahertz; audible sound is about 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz. Ultrasonography has many medical applications in which a machine is used to create these high-frequency sound waves. The machine has a hand-held wand, which is placed directly on the animal’s skin. The sound waves emanate from the face of the transducer, which is a few inches long, relatively thin, and shaped some-what like an electric shaver. The sound waves are transmitted through the animal’s body, so the area that is imaged consists of the skin under the transducer and everything below it. In other words, when you place the transducer on the animal, the image shown on the screen will be a “slice” of the body below the spot where you place it. The
Ultrasound or ultrasonography is a medical imaging technique that uses high frequency sound waves. It is a high pitch frequency that cannot be heard by the human ear. In ultra sound the following happens: High frequency sound pulses (1-5megahertz) are transmitted from the ultrasound machine into your body using a probe. The sound wave will travel into your body until it hits an object such as soft tissue and bone. When the sound wave hits these objects some of the wave will be reflected back to the probe. While some waves may carry on further till they hit another object and then reflected back. The probe picks up these reflected sound waves and relays them to the machine. The distance and time from the probe,