Report---urban expansion
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Aims
Urban expansion and effects.
1.2 Parameters
Inequality, traffic problems, waste, housing, pollution and suicides.
1.3 Definition
Urbanisation is the increase proportion of people living in towns and cities. It is the outcome of social, economic and political developments that lead to urban concentration and growth of large cities, changes in land use and transformation from rural to metropolitan pattern of organization and governance.
Urban expansion is part of urbanisation. It is defined as low-density residential and commercial development on undeveloped land. (CEF, 2013)
1.4 Thesis
This report will address problems brought by rapid urban expansion, especially in Port-au-Prince and Shanghai, with the direct impact on families and strategies to overcome the problems.
2.0 Problems & Impacts
2.1 Port-au-Prince
The average annual rate of urban population change in Haiti is 2.4%. (World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision). Being the capital of Haiti, Port-au-Prince has experienced rapid urban expansion in recent years. However, problems in different aspects of life have aroused people’s concerns.
2.1.1 Inequality: 40% of the total population in Haiti has access to less than 6% of the national income, whereas the richest Haitians (around 1%) control more than 26% of the aggregate property. Most importantly, the gap between rich and poor is still expanding. (IFAD, 2015)
2.1.2 Disasters: In history, many tropical storms
What is urbanization? Urbanization is the increase of population in an urban area. It is as much as a social process as it is an economic and territorial process. There are a few major cause of urbanization which include the industrial revolution, immigration, push and pull factor. Industrialization is the increase and development of a society or country that transforms its self s itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the industrialized of goods and services. The increasing number of factories created has a powerful need for labor, compelling people in rural areas to move to the city, and drawing immigrants from around the world to come to Canada for employment. As a result, Canada has transformed from a rural to an urban nation, and the demographics of the country shifted dramatically. Subsequent industrial development the process of urban¬ization is accelerating at much more rapidly rate. Urbanization brings about social and cultural changes in community life, which also correspond to modernization. The loss of community life and traditional large-sized joint families on one hand and growing individualism, and smaller sizes of house¬holds and development of independent personalities in a diverse community on the other, are the commonly observed characteristics of urban as well as modern way of
In the recent development, there has physical effect of Gentrification in little Haiti. The goal of gentrification to start development and renaming the area Magic City as a terrorist attraction simpler to little Haiti neighboring community of Wynnewood. This need for development places the
The national population is continuing to increase at a 1.17% growth rate, which appears small, but consider that most developed countries have negative population growth rates. This is caused by two main factors; continuous births in a state that cannot support them, and the deportation of Haitians from the Dominican Republic, who’s population is decreasing. More than that, Haiti still lies in ruins following the 2010 earthquake, which, as previously mentioned, leaves a large percentage of the population without shelter, food, or work. Even worse is that Haiti’s economic status is continually deteriorating, caused by the previous two factors; population growth and geographic destruction. For that matter it is not helping the global economy at all, as a developed country would. Data shows that Haiti is truly the most under-developed country in the Western Hemisphere. This is due to the fact that it “is the most densely populated country in the Western Hemisphere” (Aronson 1), the fact that it is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and has the least income per person, the fact that it does not have nearly enough food, shelter, clothing, water, or work for all of its people. With that, Haiti shows no signs of improvement in the near future, as it has nothing to build up
The period from the late 19th century to the early 20th century is important in the urban development history of Canadian and American. Urbanization is a historical process that contains urban development. Urbanization is a process of population concentration as well as a process that advanced production modes substitute backward modes. At the same time, it is also the process to adapt to the mode of production and to innovate lifestyle. Hence, urbanization is a dynamic process that many aspects of economics, society and culture comprehensively transform caused by the revolution of social productive forces.
Urbanization happens and fast it surprised many people. The definition of urbanization is the process by which towns and cities are created and become bigger as more people come in. The year 1800 can help in the understanding of urbanization.
Haiti’s physical geography is prone to natural disasters and extreme weather patterns. 2008 was the worst year for Haiti as it was struck by multiple hurricanes. This was followed in 2010, by a catastrophic earthquake. In October 2012, hurricane Sandy affected the vast majority of the rural areas in Haiti. Sandy flooded the land, destroyed infrastructure, wiped out ‘90,000 hectares of crops’ (USAID 2013), and more than 39 thousand families were affected. Figure one shows that 3.2 million out of 23.2 million dollars of
Haiti is a Caribbean country. It occupies the western third of the island of Hispaniola. It is the third largest Caribbean nation with a population of 10.4 million which makes it the most populous full-member state of the Caribbean community. Haiti is also the poorest country in the Americas as measured by the human development index. Haiti is so poor that people used to work as restavecs(unpaid household servant).half of the children in Haiti are unvaccinated.2%of the total population are hiv +.because of poverty only the sanitation condition of Haiti is very poor which results in increase of diseases.
This paper is a review of past and current research based on the cause and effect of urban sprawl in the United States with a case analysis of Fairfax County, Virginia. The motivation for this review is to shed light on issues that surround urban sprawl in large metropolitan areas and to discuss recommendations for research and ways to improve various effects of sprawl. The second motivation for this research is to show that there needs to be uniformity among researchers and urban planners, better data and analysis should be done to combat sprawl. My goal with this literature review is to define urban sprawl, define classic patterns in the United States, how we measure sprawl, the cause and effect of sprawl in the United States, give detailed background information on Fairfax County, future trends and implications of sprawl in Fairfax County, how to combat sprawl in the United States as well as in Fairfax County and key priorities in future research.
Since the earthquake, methods for dealing with stress are across the board and have prompted them to create makeshift houses in a do without economy. The poor can 't depend on social security nets or any type of government backing. Dishonesty is regular Haitian governments, and is practiced very on a daily basis in Haiti. Old and dirty places to stay and sleep and the absence of social help is one of the basic drivers of illness and the neediness in Haiti. Families need to sell the things they own for medicine and doctor visits, and
Haiti is a country still devastated from the events of January 12, 2010. At 4:53 pm, southwest of the capital of Port-au-Prince, an earthquake measured at 7.0, struck the Haitian people and would have rippling effects in the years to come. More than 300,000 people lost their lives and about a million Haitians were affected overall. Nevertheless, Haiti has always had problems, just after gaining their freedom from France in the early 19th century they were in debt. A writer from BBC News says, “Chronic instability, dictatorships, and natural disasters in recent decades have left it as the poorest nation in the Americas.”
Urbanisation is the process in which people move to the city and start to make a home there. This is mainly happening in LEDC countries due to the lack of work in the countryside. People flood to the cities to try and find employment. Suburbanisation is the way that people
Haiti remains poor with a still fragile education society, poor and expensive health facilities and high unemployment. “Haiti was already the poorest
The article Housing & Settlements states, “Roughly 70 percent of Port-au-Prince’s pre-earthquake population lived in informal settlements. These neighborhoods lack access to basic services and are often located in high-risk zones,” (https://www.usaid.gov/haiti/shelter-and-housing). According to the CIA Factbook, it says, “Haiti is a free market economy with low labor costs and tariff-free access to the US for many of its exports. Two-fifths of all Haitians depend on the agricultural sector, mainly small-scale subsistence farming, which remains vulnerable to damage from frequent natural disasters, exacerbated by the country's widespread deforestation. Poverty, corruption, vulnerability to natural disasters, and low levels of education for much of the population are among Haiti's most serious impediments to economic growth,”
First off, urban sprawl VS urban expansion. Calgary and Edmonton do this a lot. Instead of adding onto the city slowly, they build on acres of land further away from the city. Sometimes they are rather large so it doesn’t really benefit anyone. I feel this is unnecessary as the city is already quite large and this is extending it even further than it actually is. They are also even closer to reserves.
Urban Change is when an area becomes more urban, the population increases and it becomes more developed in technology, structure and transportation. For example, more buildings, technology and . Urban change has affected many countries especially Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro is one of the world 's megacities with a population over 18 million and because it’s a megacity it is a large attraction to many people that look to live in a big city.