Uv Radiation And Its Effects

Saccharomyces cerevisae, or baker's yeast, is an example of a model organism to further explore the mechanisms of the human body, and other organisms. Ultraviolet radiation has a damaging effect on human cells, and sunscreen is often used as a means of protection from the UV radiation. Cultures of yeast were irradiated with an ultraviolet light under different standards of SPF sunscreen protection. The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of UV radiation on yeast cells. Each yeast plate had either a different level of SPF sunscreen as protection, or no protection and was irradiated for 45 seconds. After a week, the number of colonies on each plate was counted. The colonies of the positive control were transferred to MV plates to see if any growth appeared one week later. The results are inconclusive due to the high standard deviations, no significant trends in colony survival, low replication number, and what seems to be human error.

Two miles underground in the Vale Creighton mine lies an advance lab far from the common world. In this lab many experiments are done from sub-atomic and astro-particle physics to the reactions of fruit flies to this underground environment. But one of the experiments is how organisms react to the absence of radiation underground and how it effects life. SnoLab the company in charge of this facility calls this experiment REPAIR (Researching the Effects of the Presence and Absence of Ionizing Radiation).

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is present in normal sunlight and sunlamps. “The sun emits energy over a broad spectrum of wavelengths: visible light that [one] can see, infrared radiation that [one] feels as heat, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation that [one] cannot see or feel. UV radiation has a shorter wavelength and higher energy than visible light. It affects human health both positively and negatively” (U.S. EPA). There are multiple types of ultraviolet radiation known to scientists and each affects human in different ways. “The longer ultraviolet rays (UVA), which penetrate deep into the skin, are responsible for tanning. Shorter rays (UVB) damage superficial skin cell layers, causing sunburn” (Harvard). Medical researchers at the Skin Cancer Foundation found that “the cumulative damage caused by UV radiation can lead to premature skin aging (wrinkles, lax skin, brown spots, and more), as well as skin cancer” (Skin Cancer Foundation).

The lab group conducted three separate experiments to test the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the survival of yeast cells. These experiments are significant because ultraviolet radiation can damage the DNA of human skin cells and eventually lead to skin cancer. The yeast cells were prepared and then exposed to UV for various increments of time. The first experiment was a comparison of a wild type strain versus an unknown type. The hypothesis was that if the unknown yeast has better adapted to ultraviolet radiation, more unknown cells would survive. The wild-type strain survived substantially more than the unknown. The second experiment introduced “protections.” The group covered the yeast samples with a thick black film or a sample of distilled water. More cells under the black film outlasted the cells under the distilled water. The third experiment covered the samples with a thinner, red film or a general sunscreen with SPF 70. More cells covered by the sunscreen lived than those under the red film.

Yeast can reproduce both asexually and sexually, which makes it very easy to grow in the laboratory, as it is very small in size. Mutant yeast can be easily isolated considering yeast consists of a single cell and can be grown as a haploid or diploid. Diploid cells are formed by the combination of MATa and MAT alpha cells. However, under conditions of carbon and nitrogen starvation, the diploid cell will undergo meiosis to produce four haploid microorganisms. Because haploids only have one set of genes, its allele can determine the corresponding phenotype. By mating the mutants, the genetics can be carried out through replica plating with the YPD plates (1). Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most commonly studied strains of yeast, in

Tanning is when a person is really pale but when the sun rays hit your skin your skin becomes browner. You tan in the summer because that is when the sun is out. Spray tanning is the form of self-tanning. A liquid mist is sprayed onto your body. The mist has an ingredient in it called Dihydroxyacetone that interacts with your skin’s chemistry to turn it tan or brown.

Even people who don't spend hours at a time in intense sunlight, are exposed to UV radiation, including on overcast days. This is difficult to believe given that we don't

There are potential dangers that are associated with this issue. When students’ have been using the main oval and the basketball courts and are idle for more then a few hours per day, it can potentially cause skin cancer and sunburns. Since Australia is increasingly getting warmer per year, and had one of the highest rates of skin cancer, being prone to sunburns and skin cancer is quite inevitable. The possible hazards with excessive amounts of sun exposure include, sunburns, skin cancer and in a worst-case scenario may include, melanoma. If students are outdoors more often and refuse to use any hats and applying sun safety products provided by teachers, they may have a chance of getting sunburns, which may limit their

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation associated with skin cancer is one of the most common cancers. If the skin is exposed to the sun, some humans would have a higher risk of skin cancer. Sunscreen is a source that protects the skin, which is highly recommended to be used if your skin is sensitive to the sunlight. This theory will show how students who attended Human Biology Lab class approach on how certain level of SPF in sunscreen can protect the skin. There were significant differences found in the different brands, but not a major significant in some. In the end, the results showed that the UV intensity data were accurate.

Ultraviolet light is a type of electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves, infrared radiation, X-rays and gamma rays. Ultraviolet rays that come from the sun can’t be seen by the human eye. Ultraviolet rays can also be said to be the invisible rays that are part of the energy coming from the sun. Ultraviolet rays can burn eyes, hair, skin will become tanned, and parts of the body that are not protected or exposed too much sun and also can damage the living tissue.

When melanocytes become abnormal and grow uncontrollably, they invade surrounding tissues and this is how melanoma develops. Melanoma can grow anywhere on the body bit it is most often occurs on the upper back of men and mostly on a women’s legs. Skin cells develop in a controlled and orderly way, healthy new cells then they push the older cells toward the skin's surface, where they die and eventually fall off. When some of the cells develop the DNA is damaged and new cells may begin to grow out of control, eventually form a mass of cancerous cells. Melanoma’s main cause is a combination of environmental and genetic factors. The experiment was carried out to show that doctors believe exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and

UV light has helped us evolve in many different aspects. People created black lights, tanning beds, and UV lights that are used for medical sterilisation. All of these inventions have been helpful to society in some way or another. The way they work is also interesting as well.

Source A states that the most dangerous aspect of sunburn is not caused by the heat of the sun but rather the UV and microwave radiation and that therefore damage can be done before one feels physically hot. It also states that symptoms only occur 6 hours after thermal burn from the sun. Therefore the weakness seen in the DNA in the experiment proves that it was not thermal radiation that broke down the DNA but rather the microwave radiation and that extended periods under microwave radiation weakens and breaks down the DNA of a

Introduction Uv radiation is damaging to the cells that are in our body. There are three types of UV radiation lengths; UV-A, UV-B and UV-C. UV-A and B can have the most damaging effects when it is exposed to soft tissue such as a person’s eyes and/or skin causing premature aging and possibly cancer (2). The use of sunscreen among other items are used to limit the exposure to the radiation. In this experiment wild type yeast was exposed to UV radiation in different time sequences.

Every hour at least one American will die of skin cancer caused by exposure to the sun. These statistics are alarming and most people are unaware that the sunshine that we all love so much is in fact a threat to our health and good looks. It is up to us to educate ourselves and our children on the harmful effects of sun exposure on the human body like premature aging, physical damage to the body, and cancerous diseases.