What Ways Did Pastoral Societies Differ From Their Agricultural Counterparts?

Because the plantations were widely dispersed, this new agrarian society had few town centers and little social unity.  The high demand for male labor in the fields meant that men outnumbered women four or

The Aztecs were a well known civilization that was very advanced for their time but should people emphasize their gruesome sacrifices or their well known agriculture. Before the Aztecs established Tenochtitlan, in June 20, 1325, they were hunters and gatherers that served as mercenaries for more powerful groups. Soon the Aztecs built Tenochtitlan on an island in the middle of Lake Texcoco. With this established, the Aztecs were allowed to focus more on religion and agriculture as well as conquering other tribes and growing their population. So which should we emphasize more, Aztec agriculture or human sacrifices. In my opinion we should emphasize Aztec agriculture for three main reasons, it’s large scale, clever construction, and how it was

Some people agree to the fact that the period of 1450-1750 is Late Agrarian Era. But I don’t. I believe that 1450-1750, from now on referred to as ‘periodization four’, is an Early Modern Era. This is the period of when the British explore North America, slave trade from Africa to America was born, and the great Columbian exchange initiated. This certainly could not be considered “Late Agrarian” with all the technologies being invented and explorations beginning. The reason I consider this time period Early Modern is for several reasons; globalization had kick started, stronger states were forming with more modern edges, and technology that had never before been seen was now around.

How did the domestication of plants and animals affect agrarian societies? The domestication of plants an animals helped the agrarian societies because they could then get milk, cheese, butter, etc. from cows; cheese from goats, wool for coats and string from sheep, and they could grow their own crops and have a healthy maintained diet. The agrarian societies were smart about what they ate and when they ate, and if they did not recognize it, they did not eat it. They did not have to constantly worry about when or where they had to move their people to, they just built up what they had and used their resources to

The economic, social, and religious roles of women changed between the Paleolithic and Neolithic time periods. During the Paleolithic Age, women and men had equal position in society. They both helped in the raising of children and the act of obtaining food for their families. The role of women would soon change for the worse in the Neolithic time period. They were left with little social, economic, and religious status, and the large burden of raising children almost singlehandedly.

• Houses were stronger, they had an enhanced diet, brought more livestock, and used manure for fertilizer for better crops.

The first reason of why agriculture is a better way of life, is because according to document 1 farmers were less violent. Hunters and gatherers on the other hand were in constant state of tribal warfare. This resulted in 25-30% of adult males dying from homicide. Warfare was necessary to keep population density low. This was due to the fact that a certain place only had so much food to support one person. Farmers on the other hand could use a small piece of land and plant crops that could support many people. They do not have to fight over food therefore less war and violence.

agrarian society. Being semi-nomadic meant that Aboriginal people were also relatively nonmaterialistic. Greater emphasis was placed on the social, religious and spiritual activities. The

Agricultural societies allow for a greater population density, than hunter-gatherer societies. With a greater population of people, not everyone has to farm; therefore people can ‘specialize’ in other areas such as political organization. Also, people can focus on gun, steels, and ships other than just

18.  What role did Central Asian and West African pastoralists play in their respective regions?

1. Turkic nomads, who became the dominant pastoralist group in Central Asia, benefited from the trade. Their elites constructed houses, lived settled lives, and became interested in foreign religions including Christianity, Manicheanism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and (eventually) Islam.

o     Mobility is then restricted by the need for daily supervision of animals. Children are pressed into service. Women become housebound. Conflict with idea of reciprocity.

Religion has been a major factor for the growth and development of societies since the establishment of even the very first ancient civilizations. Though each of the ancient societies—the Chinese, the Egyptians, the Indians, and the Mesopotamians—had different spiritual beliefs, they each shared the common belief that the presence of religion within a civilization would have positive results upon the entire civilization.

The fifty years leading up to 1877 exemplified little successes for workers’ movements due to the drastic nature of change during this time period. The transition from an agrarian society to an industrial empire had challenged old American values such as outwork and interdependence found within rural communities. Specifically, division of labor and technological advancements during this time period had shifted society from being self-reliant (agrarian) to dependent on large businesses (industry). In Who Built America by Christopher Clark, Nancy Hewitt, Joshua Brown, and David Jaffee, they highlighted how this shift to large-scale manufacturing had led to the little impact of workers’ movements within the fifty years prior to 1877. Divided within their trades and collectively weak, many movements simply couldn’t compete with the power of large corporations who held a lot of power in this time period. However, by the last quarter of the 19th century, workers’ began adapting to this new labor structure and were able to have success against industrial capitalists. The very same technologies that benefitted large companies by expanding townships into inter-regional markets had given the opportunity for labor organizers to establish a national platform to confront labor and economic inequality.

This shift to commerce advanced a shift in religious beliefs. The paganism and tribal system that had been in use for so long became compromised. “At the beginning of the seventh century, when the Quraysh and some of the other Arabs were leaving the old nomadic life behind and were becoming aware of the social problems of the settled life, the Prophet of Islam brought a new religious message to the Arabs” (Muhammad 68). Because of the shift in society, “some of the younger generation were growing disenchanted and seemed to be searching for a new spiritual and political solution to the malaise and disquiet in the city” (Muhammad, 68). In effect, the shift from a violent tribal system to a more peaceful sedentary lifestyle, centered on commerce in the marketplace, made the beliefs of paganism no longer sufficient to respond to the new principles on which people based their actions. People “felt that their old religious ideas no longer spoke to them in their dramatically altered world” (Muhammad, 8). Additionally, those who were still caught up in the violent warfare of the tribal system felt that the cycle of violence would never cease and that they could never achieve the unity necessary for