The goal of third and fourth generation mobile networks is to provide users with high data rates, and to provide a wider range of services, such as voice communications, videophones, and high speed Internet access. A common challenge in designing a wireless system is to overcome the effects of the wireless channel, which is characterized as having multiple transmission paths and as being time varying. OFDM has a promising future as a new technology in several next generation wireless communication systems. The ability of OFDM systems to combat the effects of multipath propagation with a comparatively simple receiver structure made it the modulation of choice for some of the most prominent wireless technologies such as the IEEE 802.11 …show more content…
1.1.1 OFDM Advantages
In summary, OFDM has the following advantages:
1. OFDM is an efficient way to deal with multipath effects. For a given channel delay spread, the implementation complexity is much lower than that of a conventional single carrier system with time domain equalizer.
2. Bandwidth efficiency is high since it uses overlapping orthogonal subcarriers in the frequency domain.
3. Modulation and demodulation are implemented using inverse discrete
Fourier transform (IDFT) and discrete Fourier transform (DFT), respectively. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm can be applied to make the overall system efficient.
4. Capacity can be significantly increased by adapting the data rate per subcarrier according to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of that particular subcarrier. 5. OFDM is robust against narrowband interference because such interference affects only a small percentage of the subcarriers.
1.1.2 Problems Associated with OFDM
OFDM communication systems have two primary drawbacks. The first is the high sensitivity to carrier frequency offsets and phase noise. When there are frequency offsets in the subcarriers, the orthogonality among the subcarriers breaks and this causes intercarrier interference (ICI). The second drawback, is that the transmitted OFDM signal has large amplitude fluctuations and so a high
PAPR. This high PAPR requires system components with a wide linear range to accommodate for the signal variations.
Internet of Things is the connectivity concept which makes all the devices, connected to the main monitoring device via Wired or Wireless. The communication that is been used by IoT is possessing an RFID. Every device in this IoT network seems to physically individual, but they are all connected with a same unison. There are more than 12 billions connected and according to stats, in coming years it would increase to more than 26 times of present. IoT is the most fashionable way of connecting devices and communicating them in an intelligent way. As all the devices are connected, it is now driving the world towards a single and large information system.
In the pursuit of opening a great venture with my business partner we are hoping to
Currently billions of mobile devices are connected to wireless networks and by the year 2020 when the massive arrival of 5G to the market is expected to be four times higher. This paper aims to analyze the advances in communication for these networks that will be present in all types of portable devices and personal use in addition to computers. It evaluates the progress for aspects of communication and ability to transfer data and information through new wireless networks. The benefits and improvements in communication and performance in different devices for 5G networks are evaluated; this 5G of wireless networks promises an excellent performance in the exchange of personal, business and institutional data, also this paper
your response to the following: Imagine you are the network administrator of aWLAN. Give an example of how knowing the 10’s and 3’s Rules of RF Math can helpyou on the job. Include your answers to Case Project 3-5 in your response. Show your work
Define wireless technologies and mobile technologies. Next, determine at least three (3) ways which companies or organizations utilize such technologies to improve business efficiency.
*** I was not sure what you were asking with this question, so I did the best that I could to answer this question. ***
This section describes the cash inflow and cash outflow, NPV analysis, rate of return, and the payback period. The four different investment analysis methods listed here help to show exactly what sort of financial information we are expecting to see over the first year of business.
Picture being inside of a lovely building. The walls glisten as the light reflects off bouncing and giving indebtedness to the still air that holds stiff. People can be heard talking down the hall in a distance. Soon, the mind wonders to pessimistic scenarios where safety is the number one priority. A fire, a flood, the walls collapsing in on a single soul. Medical teams have to respond and silence falls down all around.
A computer network is a communication system that links together devices referred as “Nodes.” These devices are connected using communication channels. A communication channel is assigned to a medium used to transport information from one network device to another, such as wired channels and wireless channels (Parsons, 2016).
It is important to know that all access points are not safe. There are precautions Party Plates may implement when using public accesses. We should avoid connecting to unknown public access points. Never use public “open” networks to access your banking, credit card or other sensitive sites and always establish a VPN connection as soon as you connect to the Wi-Fi ("The Pros and Cons of Using Computer Tablets," 2011, p. 1)
Wireless networking hardware requires the use of underlying technology that deals with radio frequencies as well as data transmission. The most widely used standard is 802.11 produced by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). This is a standard defining all aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking
A way that the tribes overcame this issue was by setting up different points and each drummer would acknowledge the sender’s message by a series of beats on the drum. After the message was confirmed received then the message would be sent to the next receiver.
* Finally, provide a third paragraph where you summarize the key points from your budget, including the planning horizon, the amount of up-front investment, the NPV, Payback and IRR of the project, as well as key figures from your income statement, cash flow statement, and balance sheet.
Wireless networking has numerous benefits. Productivity remarkably enhances due to the higher accessibility to the information resource. Network configuration as well as reconfiguration becomes easier, quicker, and overall less expensive. Nonetheless, this technology also poses new threats as well as brings change in the already existing profile of risk in the information security. Explaining this terminology, as we all know that the communication occurs "through the air" utilizing the radio frequencies, the inception risk are higher in comparison to the wired networks. In case the messages are not encrypted, or just encrypted having a relatively weak algorithm, then the attacker could very well read it, hence compromising the confidentiality of the data. Though, the wireless networking changes the integrated risks with the various threats towards the security, the objectives of overall security remain all the same as they are with the wired networks: confidentiality preservation, ensuring integrity as well as maintaining the availability of information including information systems. This paper deals in assisting the concerned users of the wireless technology in performing sound decisions by inculcating them along with the basic understanding related to the some associated threats with the wireless networking as well as their countermeasures.
Many households across the United States are using internet systems. Wireless internet connections can be found in almost every home. This makes access to the net simpler than ever. Consequently, the connection is not always the most reliable. Individuals that play online video games understand wireless connections are not as dependable as a hard wired connection. These WIFI connections tend to become overwhelmed when there are multiple devices sharing the same connection. For this reason, the result will be lagging, buffering, or complete signal loss. Many manufactured devices have the compatibility of wired connection use. Smart televisions, desktop computers, video game platforms, laptop computers and smart blu ray players are some