1. A sample of 0.300 moles of nitrogen occupies 0.600 L. Under the same conditions, 0.600 moles occupy 1.200 L ? _____ 2. The volume of a gas is proportional to the temperature of a gas is known as Avogadro's Law. ______ 3. In Boyle's Law, pressure is inversely proportional to temperature. ______
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
Answer the following as either true or false.
1. A sample of 0.300 moles of nitrogen occupies 0.600 L. Under the same conditions, 0.600 moles
occupy 1.200 L ? _____
2. The volume of a gas is proportional to the temperature of a gas is known as
______
3. In Boyle's Law, pressure is inversely proportional to temperature. ______
4. 0.399 moles of CO are contained in a 5.00 L tank at 155°C and 2.80 atm? ______
5. 18.8 g mass of NO2 is contained in a 13.0 L tank at 4.58 atm and 385 K ?______
6. A 0.465 g sample of an unknown compound occupies 245 mL at 298 K and 1.22 atm. 38.0 g/mol
is the molar mass of the unknown compound?
7. 0.30 is the mole fraction of CO in a container with a H2 mole fraction of 0.22 and an O2 mole
fraction of 0.58? ______
8. A gas sample contains 0.33 atm of Ne, 0.45 atm of Ar, and 0.32 atm of CO. The total pressure is
1.1 atm. ______
9. A mixture of 10.0 g of Ne and 10.0 g Ar has a total pressure of 1.6 atm. The partial pressure of Ne
is 1.1 atm. _____
10. At very high pressures, a gas will occupy a larger volume than predicted by the
______
11. The reason why a hot air balloon goes up in the air is that the hot air inside the balloon is less
dense._____
12. Gas molecules attract each other is not an assumption in the kinetic molecular theory for gases?
_____
13. Energy that is associated with the position or composition of an object is called thermal energy.
_____
14. q = - , w = - represent a system that is doing work on the surroundings, as well as losing heat to
the surroundings? ____
15. ΔEsys = -95 J that the system is losing 95 J, while the surroundings are gaining 95 J. _____
16. Given w = 0, an endothermic reaction has +ΔH and +ΔE. _______
17. State functions does depend on the path taken to arrive at a particular state. _____
18. A block of metal initially at 70°C is submerged in water initially at 25°C in a coffee cup. The final
temperature of the coffee cup will higher than 25°C but less than 70°C.____
19. Heat is the transfer between two objects due to the temperature difference. _____
20. Specific Heat (Cs): the required amount of heat energy to increase the temperature of one gram
of a certain substance by 2 °C. _____
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4. 0.399 moles of CO are contained in a 5.00 L tank at 155°C and 2.80 atm? ______
5. 18.8 g mass of NO2 is contained in a 13.0 L tank at 4.58 atm and 385 K ?______
6. A 0.465 g sample of an unknown compound occupies 245 mL at 298 K and 1.22 atm. 38.0 g/mol
is the molar mass of the unknown compound?
7. 0.30 is the mole fraction of CO in a container with a H2 mole fraction of 0.22 and an O2 mole
fraction of 0.58? ______
8. A gas sample contains 0.33 atm of Ne, 0.45 atm of Ar, and 0.32 atm of CO. The total pressure is
1.1 atm. ______
9. A mixture of 10.0 g of Ne and 10.0 g Ar has a total pressure of 1.6 atm. The partial pressure of Ne
is 1.1 atm. _____
10. At very high pressures, a gas will occupy a larger volume than predicted by the
______
11. The reason why a hot air balloon goes up in the air is that the hot air inside the balloon is less
dense._____
12. Gas molecules attract each other is not an assumption in the kinetic molecular theory for gases?
_____
13. Energy that is associated with the position or composition of an object is called thermal energy.
_____
14. q = - , w = - represent a system that is doing work on the surroundings, as well as losing heat to
the surroundings? ____
15. ΔEsys = -95 J that the system is losing 95 J, while the surroundings are gaining 95 J. _____
16. Given w = 0, an endothermic reaction has +ΔH and +ΔE. _______
17. State functions does depend on the path taken to arrive at a particular state. _____
18. A block of metal initially at 70°C is submerged in water initially at 25°C in a coffee cup. The final
temperature of the coffee cup will higher than 25°C but less than 70°C.____
19. Heat is the transfer between two objects due to the temperature difference. _____
20. Specific Heat (Cs): the required amount of heat energy to increase the temperature of one gram
of a certain substance by 2 °C. _____
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